| Plain radiography and ultrasonography may be needed to show the presence of an effusion. |
| Debulking surgery left appreciable disease in the abdomen and a malignant pleural effusion. |
| Presence of cardiomegaly on the chest radiograph may be the only diagnostic clue and echocardiography may reveal pericardial effusion. |
| Within 48 hours, basilar or central alveolar flooding occurs and pleural effusions are often seen. |
| Tuberculous effusions can follow early postprimary, chronic pulmonary, or miliary tuberculosis. |
| Pleural fluid LDH is the most accurate overall criterion for classifying pleural effusions into exudates and transudates. |
