How to use mutations in a sentence

Looking for sentences and phrases with the word mutations? Here are some examples.

Sentence Examples It is important to realize that mutations in different mutant individuals are not necessarily distinct. Every local population of a species has its own gene pool with its own mutations and errors of sampling. The mutations were backcrossed and checked for allelism by genetic complementation tests. To eliminate possible additional mutations, the mutant strains were backcrossed eight times before genetic analyses. It is the quick, hourlong sequence of alpha, beta and gamma emissions that can lead to the mutations in the lung tissue, which can cause cancer. These data suggest that mutations of the out gene disrupt the programmed cell death of the germ cells. Inherited dysfibrinogenemia is caused by mutations in the coding region of the fibrinogen A, B, or gamma gene. The mutations that cause cystic fibrosis and dozens of other diseases are now routinely diagnosed in genetic testing labs. The studies in question took samples of women who tested positive for either of these mutations. The suo mutations were screened for their ability to restore growth of pex2 mutants on OA medium. These species do not share other mutations, so taurine cattle, zebu, banteng, and gayal all occupy separate branches in the network. Cancer is essentially the uncontrolled division of cells, and its development typically requires the presence of multiple mutations. The first mutations of a single gene affecting the daily locomotion rhythm were found in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. The fixation of weakly selected mutations can be greatly influenced by strong directional selection at linked loci. We found that mutations in small bristles affect several tissues during the development of the fruit fly. A chief difficulty in arguing for macroevolution by mutations is the fact that most expressed mutations are either lethal or semi-lethal. Therefore, these mutations would not increase in frequency in the population. Polar mutations change a sense codon for a specific amino acid within a gene into a nonsense or translational termination codon. Since junk DNA does not code for proteins, mutations can accumulate within it without natural selection weeding them out. Strains with mutations in both genes are very sensitive to DNA damaging agents, have very short telomeres, and undergo cellular senescence. Show More Sentences In fact, several of the class 2 mutations still display increased flocculence. We sequenced genomic DNA from heterozygous animals in an attempt to identify the remaining mutations. Why are extragenic mutations evidently more common in viruses than in prokaryotes or eukaryotes? When cysteine mutations are performed on the participating residues, spontaneous disulfide bond formation is observed. Many variations in the human form, such as dwarfism or gigantism, can arise from such combined mutations. The proximity of the nonsense mutation to the start codon indicates that these mutations are null alleles. The vast majority of mutations in human tissues are certainly of endogenous origin. The example cited by you, as proof of beneficial mutations is irrelevant to the Darwinian explanation of the transmutation of species. Weak png mutations permit several transient S-M cycles to occur, producing embryos with a characteristic phenotype of multiple polyploid nuclei. Since the gene genealogy is rooted, all the mutations and bifurcations are also time ordered from top to bottom. Single-locus mismatches were interpreted as mutations or mistyping, and such nestlings were conservatively classified as withinpair young. Numerous recessive lethal and sublethal mutations have been reported, as well as a few mutations causing flightlessness. The way in which mutations are modeled is extremely important in determining the steady-state distribution of phenotypes. In any case, these low estimates are in at least qualitative agreement with other evidence suggesting the recessivity of beneficial mutations. The scientific point was that in the past 10 years, the mutations responsible for nearly all forms of dwarfism had been identified. It is true that ultraviolet light causes mutations in all living organisms. Both mutations are caused by the presence of the gypsy insulator between the enhancer and promoter sequences of the cut and yellow genes. It is presumed that the very creation of life spawned from the song of its constant aleatoric mutations. In sub mutations, we observed spindles that were unipolar, multipolar, or frayed with no defined poles. Rad6 is important for DNA damage responses and strains with rad6 mutations are sensitive to UV irradiation. Show More Sentences Even in biology, apparent purpose is now thought to arise from the undirected mechanism of natural selection acting on random genetic mutations. Class 1 mutations elongate cells and cause predominantly polar bud site selection. Repeated exposure to nitrite could lead to an unfavourably high frequency of mutations. Among the mutagens that have been used to induce mutations, chemical mutagens administered in various ways have become especially popular. Chemicals that cause changes in DNA sequence, or mutations, are called mutagens. These mutagens cause point mutations, because they change the genetic code at one point, so changing a protein's amino acid sequence. This cell line detects a wide variety of mutagenic lesions, including point mutations, deletions and various types of chromosomal aberrations. The increase in mutant frequency was attributed to an increase in point mutations. This indicated that these mutants had point mutations and not exon deletion or insertion. Among several mutations rumoured to alter senescence are the clavata mutants. Scientists came to understand how genes mutate, and how mutations helped make natural selection possible. In this example mutations accrue successively, starting with the most beneficial single mutation. Kidney tumors and estrogen-treated kidneys have mutations in microsatellites. Note that the numbers of mutations and gene conversion events per generation follow Poisson distributions. Evolution of a smaller jaw would at best be a result of devolution, dysgenics caused by the accumulation of mutations. These degenerin genes encode ion channels, and mutations in these genes appear to perturb the ionic balance in cells, resulting in their death. For instance, introgressive events, even when rare, may be more important than mutations as a source of novel genetic variability within taxa. If the majority of mutations have large negative impacts on fitness, pleiotropism will act to increase their selective effects in nature. Similarly, mutations within the Drosophila CBP homolog have wide-ranging pleiotropic phenotypes. Using this strategy, we have identified 15 mutations affecting at least nine loci that cause gross neurodegenerative pathology. Show More Sentences The challenge will be in identifying the biochemical changes associated with mutations for each neurodegenerative disease. Researchers bred mice and monitored their offspring for DNA mutations passed through the sperm of the father. These mutations were not present in normal cells, indicating that they arose somatically. They were also tested for the common gene mutations that predispose to venous thromboembolism. In the case of electrons, nine alleles had point-like mutations and three had rearrangements. It is proposed that the effects of the selected mutations were propagated into the active site through groups of interacting residues. An allelic series of mutations is a powerful genetic resource for understanding gene function. Sense is inevitably degenerating into nonsense, like a pileup of random mutations in an endangered species gasping its last breaths. There are three types of mutations, the nasal mutation, the spirant mutation and lenition. No suppressor mutations were isolated from a screen of 104,000 haploid genomes. Structural alterations of DNA, such as deletions, produce valuable null mutations for plant genetics. Like most RNA viruses they accumulate mutations very fast, and the way the virus RNA replicates itself facilitates frequent recombination. We analyzed gene mutations in patients who died of thrombotic events, using multiplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction amplification. A new study reveals for the first time how gene mutations lead to the inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or Lou Gehrig's disease. In these cases, it is likely that these suppressor mutations define novel genes. In addition to the known genes, we identified six mutations of novel genes. This technique allows for the development of mice with specific genetic mutations that mimic human illnesses such as hemophilia. There are legions of zombies, crows and assorted mutations, all sharing the common bond of considering your brains a nummy treat. A major observation of embryology has been that developmental mutations are usually harmful and often fatal. Since creationists recognize deterioration and mutations since the Fall, there is no uniquely evolutionist prediction here. Show More Sentences The locations of two mutations that could not be recovered in vivo are indicated by solid stars. These mutations cause larval lethality resulting from failed gut function and consequent starvation. These are mutations frequently detected in oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes from human tumours. If those mutations happen to be in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes and they accumulate over time, it might cause a skin cancer to develop. Thus, most hereditary cancer syndromes are the result of inherited mutations in tumor suppressor genes rather than oncogenes. In addition, these mutations would segregate at higher frequencies in the insular than in the continental species. A large fraction of the eukaryotic DNA is composed of transposable elements that can cause mutations when they transpose to novel sites. It's possible that the complex, chambered heart didn't change gradually, with many genes evolving minor mutations that changed their functions. The empirically observed mutations are thus neither favored nor disfavored by natural selection. This proportion is only an imperfect surrogate of the presence of mutations giving rise to resistance to antiretrovirals. A total of 112 such mutations have been isolated and characterized in this study. From the missing mutations in the old DNA sequences the researchers calculated that the Sima hominin lived about 400,000 years ago. They identified genetic mutations that disabled specific steps in the synthesis of a complex molecule. Nonhereditary DNA mutations are not classically understood as representing the individual's genotype. We also examined the effect of variation of the degree of dominance of new mutations. The dominance of deleterious mutations thus represents an important parameter in evolutionary biology. Their cancer might have had nothing to do with genetic mutations of healthy genes. Both large-scale losses via deletion and gene inactivations by revertible point mutations have been observed in modern microbes. In the competitive struggle for existence, creatures possessing advantageous mutations would be favoured, eventually evolving into new species. The plant hormone auxin plays a role in specifying the pattern of root cells, and mutations affecting its localization lead to root defects. Show More Sentences Clinical molecular geneticists spend their working lives finding, naming, and investigating genetic mutations. Natural selection disfavors mutations that cause pistils to accept pollen from genotypes that reject their pollen. Once the DNA is converted back into RNA, the introduced mutations will occur in the genome of the RNA virus. And they've also found two new mutations that make the roaches more resistant to pyrethroid and related insecticides. Genes at a locus that differ by mutations are known as alleles or haplotypes. In this article we have made the somewhat artificial assumption that all new mutations have the same fitness effect. Flies homozygous for such hypomorphic mutations reach adulthood, but often exhibit defects during the proliferative stages of gametogenesis. Intriguingly, rhythmic luminescence in certain lines was affected by only a subset of the pacemaker mutations. A genetical analysis demonstrated that two mutations affect the mitochondrial genome whereas the third mutation is of nuclear origin. The two alleles that cause the most severe axon guidance defects have strikingly different mutations. There are several different mutations leading to various degrees of taillessness, to bobtails and to curly tails. However, the reproduction machinery of an organism is not protected from mutations. The data indicate that the mutations complement with respect to the auxotrophic phenotype when grown on Sang's medium. These mutations and their impact on the epidemiology of malaria are described below. These rates are greater than expected for additive or multiplicative effects of the single mutations. Thus, two of the polymerase mutants are modest spontaneous mutators for some point mutations in yeast strains that are proficient in DNA mismatch repair. This must mean that there are at least two classes of mutators in the population and that most single mutations are not arising in the rare hypermutators. Dawkins' evolutionary model relies on random mutations in single nucleotides during DNA replication, totally unguided, followed by selection of the fittest by the environment. Generally, mutations which disrupt or weaken the stem structure reduce the pausing strength, whereas compensatory mutations restore the pausing strength. Most importantly, if mutations have no effect on organismal fitness, the genealogy of a sample can be separated entirely from the mutational process. Show More Sentences Such sound shifts in comparative linguistics parallel, almost uncannily, the slow march of genetic mutations as offspring populations gradually separate from a parent stock. The fixation of deleterious mutations may be a general explanation for heterosis in crosses between ecotypes, despite alternative overdominance interpretations. All eye-color mutations tested assorted independently of the dimorphisms. Also, there is proof that mutations in the human genome are not random, which opens the door for evolution with a purpose. How likely is it that these mutations in the nicotinic receptor genes completely eliminate the functional activity of the encoded receptor protein? Leach can now conduct large-scale genetic screens, studying the progress of mutations designed to mimic the way human pancreatic disease develops. Molecular methods have been developed to monitor these mutations in the field isolates so as to evaluate the efficacy of sulpha drugs to treat malaria. Nanoscale biosensors capable of detecting specific DNA sequences and genetic mutations in the lab could lead to new cancer detection methods or aid drug development. Specific genotypic mutations in the protease gene can result in high levels of phenotype resistance to individual protease inhibitors and cross resistance. One simple criterion for a developmental mutation is embryonic lethality, but this also catches mutations in genes involved in housekeeping functions. The mutations make it more transmissible and possibly more likely to cause paralytic disease than ordinary live vaccine-derived strains, according to the Health Department. Here we report the isolation of mutations in the Drosophila Tap 42 gene. Fully recessive mutations are maintained in higher frequencies than partially recessive ones and thus cause greater declines in fitness under consanguineous matings. These mutations generated variant repeats that differed at one or several positions from the canonical sequences defined earlier for each repeat of the A 2 allele. He also said that mutations in non-coding portions of the gene, which control regulation, could also render it nonfunctional, which tends to push the number upward. Numerous mutations may be added in the passage of the tumor cells. A maximum of 50 offspring were tested from each ENU-treated male to prevent the recovery of identical mutations from the limited population of spermatogonial stem cells. Unlike most chemical mutagens, which tend to cause point mutations, rays tend to produce larger aberrations such as chromosome deficiencies or rearrangements. Because of the difficulties associated with performing genetics on partially penetrant mutations, this mutant will not be discussed further in this paper. Point mutations, for example, can be due to tautomeric shift. Show More Sentences Missense mutations in human PAX6 tend to cause either milder forms of aniridia or other eye disorders, such as displaced pupils or Peters anomaly. This stabilization leads to mutations and eventually to cell death. The elucidation of the fly genome makes it relatively straightforward to generate and study mutations in proteins previously associated with integrins from other systems. When it was assumed that these mutations were neutral, their frequency was higher under shaken than under stationary conditions, possibly due to oxygen stress. By contrast, at least some nonsynonymous mutations are expected to be strongly deleterious because they damage protein structure and thereby render the cell nonviable. Those 21 strains that grew on AT in the presence of LexA were rejected because the suppression could have been due to mutations that potentiate weak activators. The argument goes that ageing is due to many, many, many mutations which, like Huntington's, affect us only late in life, mostly after we've reproduced. How these mutations lead to the skeletal phenotype is not known. Research is also in progress to obtain indehiscence through mutations and also to splice the appropriate Cuphea genes into a conventional crop such as rape. Consequently recessiveness of the two mutations is well established. We found that mildly deleterious mutations interacted synergistically in poor-resource environments but antagonistically in rich-resource environments. However, we have noticed that there is a temporal increase in these mutations which should serve us a warning signal for prescribing the SP treatment. The failure to recover mutations in genes encoding nucleosomal histones in this screen may be due to the presence of numerous copies of the histone gene cluster in flies. These hopeful monsters were monstrosities produced by mutations. Some mutations involving the hair are accompanied by defects of the skin and its appendages, such as nails, teeth, sebaceous glands, and mammary glands. This is usually to their advantage because when you're infected with an RNA virus its frenzied mutations allow it to change quickly and so evade the immune system. Furthermore, disequilibrium is a good indicator of recent mutations, genetic drift, bottlenecks, stratification or admixture, and the demographic history of populations. This method magnifies the effect of heterozygous mutations on the posterior phenotypes, thus identifying even lethal genes involved in the targeted process. First, although most of these mutations were induced by ethyl methanesulfonate, some were spontaneous and others were caused by ultraviolet light and trimethyl psoralen. The critical role of certain building block fragments in the folding of their corresponding proteins suggests that mutations in these regions will be disfavored. Show More Sentences This rationale can be used to identify genomic regions or genes harboring mutations that maintain reproductive barriers between diverging populations. This means that their gene pools stagnate and accumulate increasingly harmful mutations. Over time, researchers were able to link many of these disorders with mutations in single genes. Many cancers result from the acquisition of mutations in a family of genes called oncogenes, which normally serve important housekeeping functions for our cells. One can study membrane protein formation and aggregation by examining the electrophoretic mobility of dimerizing proteins subject to point mutations. There were very few transpositions of transposable elements or microsatellite mutations in these lines, evidence, in fact, for the absence of contamination by exogenous flies. Whether the functionally independent mutants are the result of mutations in a single bifunctional gene or two separate genes has not been determined. Molecularly, type 1 tumors often exhibit mutations in phosphatase and tensin homolog, Kras, and beta-catenin. The false contradiction between Darwin's theory, genetic mutations, and Mendelian inheritance was thus reconciled. When mutations occur, they may alter the product of a gene, or prevent the gene from functioning, or have no effect. Mutations leading to the loss of function of a gene are much more common than mutations that produce a new, fully functional gene. This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and offspring can inherit such mutations. When such mutations result in a higher fitness, natural selection favours these phenotypes and the novel trait spreads in the population. However, after a period with no new mutations, the genetic variation at these sites is eliminated due to genetic drift. Natural selection reduces genetic variation by eliminating maladapted individuals, and consequently the mutations that caused the maladaptation. This inhibits both transcription and DNA replication, causing toxicity and mutations. In this gene, other mutations can cause a kind of nanism that is lethal during the first weeks of life. In parallel, conditional and brain-specific VDR mutations have to be identified to assess their neurophenotypes. Inbreeding depression is considered to be largely due to expression of deleterious recessive mutations. Pigs are one of four known mammalian species which possess mutations in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that protect against snake venom. Show More Sentences The HTLV virus genome has been mapped, allowing identification of four major strains and analysis of their antiquity through mutations. Manatees are unusual amongst mammals in possessing just six cervical vertebrae, which may be due to mutations in the homeotic genes. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web. Humans have lived in Africa for the longest time, which has allowed accumulation of a higher diversity of genetic mutations in these populations. Each cellular division provides further opportunity to accumulate base pair mutations. Once this is done it is possible to determine how many mutations separate one population from another. Maize flowers may sometimes exhibit mutations that lead to the formation of female flowers in the tassel. These mutations, ts4 and Ts6, prohibit the development of the stamen while simultaneously promoting pistil development. The radiation decay products ionize genetic material, causing mutations that sometimes turn cancerous. Carcinogens cause mutations in these genes which induce the development of cancer. These mutations have been linked to rare developmental diseases such as achondroplasia and Costello syndrome. Waardenburg syndrome type 2 caused by mutations in the human microphthalmia gene. And mutations in GDF6 lead to fusion of neck vertebrae in people with a genetic disorder known as Klippel-Feil syndrome, the researchers found. That doesn't rule out the possibility that additional, as yet unidentified mutations in HIV underlie other cases of long-term survival. Genome sequence and attenuating mutations in West Nile virus isolate from Mexico. A family with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and mutations in the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor. If bacterially infected colon cells can no longer repair damage to their DNA, mutations will accumulate, which will promote cancer growth. Identification of FGFR4-activating mutations in human rhabdomyosarcomas that promote metastasis in xenotransplanted models. I love seeing memes take off and spark mutations and parodies and homages. Salk scientists teamed up with colleagues from Nanjing University to review the mutations in mice. Show More Sentences These mutations can occur gradually or rapidly via a term called saltation or punctuated evolution. Scientists have identified mutations in a gene that predict a high likelihood of relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Detection of mutations in GC-rich DNA by bisulphite denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Such a device could detect all the cystic fibrosis mutations simultaneously from a single blood sample. By following mutations on these marker genes, tests can accurately determine whether two people are related along these sex-based lineages. Bilateral mastectomy has been associated with reduced cancer incidence in women with BRCA1, BRCA2, or other high-risk gene mutations. Defective MDNA from an egg can be replaced with healthy MDNA from a donor egg to prevent harmful mutations being passed on. The mutations in melanoma cells occurred in parts of the melanocyte genome that are normally turned off. Beta-globin mutations are associated with parenchymal siderosis and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A further two types of substitution are less common but potentially have more serious effects than missense mutations. Structural analysis of missense mutations causing isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency. Exome sequencing identifies somatic mutations of DNA methyltransferase gene DNMT3A in acute monocytic leukemia. We report 3 cases with 1 homozygous and 2 heterozygous mutations at codon 37 causing a premature stop codon. Melanocytes form nevi and from the nevi melanoma can develop through mutations in various genes. Recently it has become evident that genetic mutations are not the sole determinants of either tumorigenesis or cancer heterogeneity. Thus, different oncogenic mutations may give rise to cancers with different tumorigenic capacity. Novel heterozygous OTX2 mutations and whole gene deletions in anophthalmia, microphthalmia and coloboma. In other microorganisms, sulfa drug resistance has resulted from specific point mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase gene. The frequency with which mutations to novobiocin resistance arise are, in part, a measure of a cell's repair efficiency. Identification of novel SLC3A1 gene mutations in Spanish cystinuria families and association with clinical phenotypes. Show More Sentences This contrasts the traditional Darwinistic view that they are the result of natural selection in favour of adaptive mutations. Thus, the selection of 2 mutations, each of which may preexist as minority species, leads to virologic failure with this regimen. Tumors that contain RAS mutations have been associated with tumor dedifferentiation, distant metastases, and a poorer survival rate. First we need to consider the difference between testing for somatic cell mutations and germline mutations, because the issues are different. Functionally significant insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor mutations in centarians. Connexin 43 mutations cause the pleiotropic phenotype of oculodentodigital dysplasia. Among the most notable findings were somatic point mutations in the gene ERBB2, which was found in a small but significant subset of the tumours. The team discovered that Wip1 phosphatase is a key factor that causes point mutations to sprout in human cancers. The mutations reveal a more lethal version of an EEC subtype previously thought to respond well to treatment. In step one, or potentiation, at least two mutations arose that set the stage for the citrate-eating ability. About KCNQ2 Epileptic Encephalopathy KCNQ2 epileptic encephalopathies are caused by mutations in the KCNQ2 gene. While most of the mutations would result in cell death, perhaps a few cells would have mutations that promote a cancerous or precancerous state. The study identified mutations in the sperm epigenome of great-grandchild male rats. Familial TSE are invariably associated with PrPC mutations, and the dearth of genetic modifiers has hampered our understanding of prion diseases. Frequency and distribution of GJB2 and GJB6 mutations in a large North American repository of deaf probands. Structural insight into processive human mitochondrial DNA synthesis and disease-related polymerase mutations. Poplawska hopes to elucidate the effect that two common gene mutations, PiF and PiZ, have on inhibiting these neutrophil serine proteinases. Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia is commonly caused by mutations in the apolipoprotein B gene. Simple and sensitive detection of mutations in the ras proto-oncogenes using PNA-mediated PCR clamping. Identification of mutations in the SRD5A2 gene in Thai patients with male pseudohermaphroditism. Show More Sentences In this new analysis, 430 patient tumor samples with wild-type KRAS status were assessed for additional RAS mutations. Some researchers have suggested that the frequency of these mutations could represent a founder effect rather than mutational hot spots. Recently it has been suggested that basal tumors are enriched for p53 nonsense and frameshift mutations. Intercrosses are particularly useful with recessive mutations maintained in a small colony. Although SNP5 and SNP7 were intronic mutations, they also might affect alternatively spliced transcripts of mRNA or transcription factor binding, thus affecting phenotype. Filaggrin mutations, atopic eczema, hay fever and asthma in children. Current thinking favours a skin barrier defect as the most significant predisposing factor, where mutations in the filaggrin gene feature strongly. This finding suggests a high level of homoplasy, resulting from a high level of parallel and convergent mutations that could be the result of recombination events. Alignment of DNA sequences identified areas of point mutations and, in the case of a single mourning dove, the incorporation of a triplet of nucleotides. Unlike previous technologies, the probe molecule checks both strands of the target double helix for mutations rather than just one, which explains the increased specificity. We note how de novo mutations may also help explain why the concordance rate for autism is so markedly higher in monozygotic than dizygotic twins. The fourth variant incorporates all of the above changes and two additional site-specific mutations, T22C and S87C that form a stabilizing disulfide bridge. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction can detect tumor markers in malignant cells in the form of specific chromosomal translocations and mutations. Xlinked adrenoleukodystrophy is a genetic disorder with mutations in the ABCD1 gene that result in the failure of peroxisomal oxidation of very long chain fatty acids. Enzyme promiscuity, copper metallochaperones, chemical approaches to glycobiology, and somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in mammalian aging are some other areas explored. Thus, duplication mutations in affected boys, and duplication or deletion mutations in heterozygous females cannot be identified using this technique. Oncogenic mutations in genes encoding key downstream effectors within the EGFR signalling pathways may also be responsible for resistance to EGFR-targeted MoAbs. The nuclear envelope harbors key roles in cellular and organismal homeostasis, reflected by a variety of diseases caused by mutations in NE proteins. It is, however, possible to identify most CF infants during the first days of life by measurement of blood immunoreactive trypsinogen and identification of CFTR mutations. The correlation of neuropathologic studies with AD-related mutations can facilitate a pharmacogenomics approach to testing novel pharmaceuticals for human use. Show More Sentences Restoration of normal microenvironmental signaling can reverse the malignant phenotype even though the cancer cells retain all of their neoplastically transforming mutations. Prenatal testing can be used to identify fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities or genetic mutations that would result in the birth of an affected newborn. Karyotyping is superior at detecting low-level mosaicism, some ploidies, balanced but potentially pathogenic rearrangements, and de-novo heterozygous pathogenic mutations. But I don't want to crash and burn before the thought of the evils, that are soft mutations, take a stranglehold on the iota of confidence I have left. A StaR protein is a stabilised GPCR with a small number of point mutations that greatly improve its thermostability without disrupting its pharmacology. These mutations inhibit the mechanism of action of GAA, an enzyme responsible for catabolizing glycogen, resulting in accumulation of glycogen in the lysosomes of the cells. To conduct this research, the scientists collected skin cells from research subjects, mostly children and a few middle-aged men, with mitochondrial DNA mutations. Inherited dilated cardiomyopathies are monogenic disorders caused by mutations in more than 30 genes, characterised by substantial phenotype heterogeneity. Patients with mutations in the SF3B1 gene frequently had a specific abnormality of red blood cells in their bone marrow, called ring sideroblasts, researchers said. In the present study there wasn't a correlation between FLT3 gene mutations, and age, gender, the WBCcount, blast cell rate, or FAB classification. He said that now that they have the human RNase L structure, we can begin to understand the effects of carcinogenic mutations in the RNase L gene. For Beijing genotype strains, the increase in mutation frequency during exposure to RIF could be due to described missense mutations in the mut genes. Lectins can bind to the sugars found on different spots of the HIV-1 envelope, and presumably it will take multiple mutations for the virus to get around them. This newly discovered molecular function likely explains why mutations in the hairless gene contribute to the pathogenesis of atrichia with papular lesions. Similar to other RNA viruses, RVAs show high genomic diversity, which is generated primarily through point mutations, reassortment, rearrangement, and recombination events. Four of these 6 patients, including 1 patient each with appendiceal, rectal, and colon cancer with KRAS mutations in their tumors, were on study for 24 weeks or more. Physical mapping of temperature-sensitive mutations of adenoviruses. The apparent dominant inheritance pattern was the result of the unusual coincidence of both mother and daughter being compound heterozygotes for senataxin mutations. Names of SNP mutations can also be used to name clades or haplogroups. The tree is formed through the testing of a large number of individuals all over the world for the presence or lack of a certain set of mutations. Show More Sentences Alternatively, the mutations may have arisen shortly afterwards. Several specialized databases exist that report polymorphisms and mutations in the human mitochondrial DNA, together with the assessment of their pathogenicity. This occurs most easily in allopatric speciation, where populations are separated geographically and can diverge gradually as mutations accumulate. Numerous gene mutations have been association with oligodontia. Occasionally, colour mutations, including albinos and erythrists, occur. The East Asians owe their relatively light skin to different mutations. The DNA sequence may be aligned with other DNA sequences to identify homologous sequences and locate the specific mutations that make them distinct. The problem does not occur in allopatric speciation with geographically separated populations, which can diverge with different sets of mutations. Some nonlethal regulatory mutations occur in HOX genes in humans, which can result in a cervical rib or polydactyly, an increase in the number of fingers or toes. Although both mutation rates and average fitness effects of mutations are dependent on the organism, a majority of mutations in humans are slightly deleterious. The neutral theory of molecular evolution proposed that most evolutionary changes are the result of the fixation of neutral mutations by genetic drift. One such syndrome, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer, is caused by germline mutations in the FH gene encoding the Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase. Hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome develops as a result of mutations of the gene coding for the enzyme MVK, which plays a role in cholesterol and isoprenoid synthesis. Examples from Classical Literature Several autosomal mutations had been found in which the facets of the compound eye are disarranged. The mutations seem to have started in the second half of the 6th century in the case of the tenues. The name mutations or mutating variability is then given to the changes in the specific characters. For the late Mr. Farendell had suffered some change of mind with his other mutations. Thus from mineralogy and petrography it contains information regarding the origin and subsequent mutations of minerals and rocks. The vicissitude of mutations in the superior globe, are no fit matter for this present argument. However, all the mutations so increasingly discernible in village life did not originate entirely in the agricultural unrest. The philosophical perception of identity through endless mutations of form makes him know the Proteus. Large deletions and point mutations involving the dedicator of cytokinesis 8 in the autosomal-ecessive form of hyper-IgE syndrome. Ki-ras gene mutations are invariably present in low-grade mucinous tumors of the vermiform appendix. Find more words! Another word for Opposite of Meaning of Rhymes with Sentences with Find word forms Translate from English Translate to English Words With Friends Scrabble Crossword / Codeword Words starting with Words ending with Words containing exactly Words containing letters Pronounce Find conjugations Find names From Afrikaans From Albanian From Amharic From Arabic From Armenian From Azerbaijani From Basque From Belarusian From Bengali From Bosnian From Bulgarian From Catalan From Cebuano From Chichewa From Chinese From Corsican From Croatian From Czech From Danish From Dutch From Esperanto From Estonian From Farsi From Filipino From Finnish From French From Frisian From Galician From Georgian From German From Greek From Gujarati From Haitian Creole From Hausa From Hebrew From Hindi From Hmong From Hungarian From Icelandic From Igbo From Indonesian From Irish From Italian From Japanese From Javanese From Kannada From Kazakh From Khmer From Korean From Kurdish From Kyrgyz From Lao From Latin From Latvian From Lithuanian From Luxembourgish From Macedonian From Malagasy From Malay From Malayalam From Maltese From Maori From Marathi From Mongolian From Burmese From Nepali From Norwegian From Polish From Portuguese From Punjabi From Romanian From Russian From Samoan From Scots Gaelic From Serbian From Sesotho From Shona From Sinhala From Slovak From Slovenian From Somali From Spanish From Sundanese From Swahili From Swedish From Tajik From Tamil From Telugu From Thai From Turkish From Ukrainian From Urdu From Uzbek From Vietnamese From Welsh From Xhosa From Yiddish From Yoruba From Zulu To Afrikaans To Albanian To Amharic To Arabic To Armenian To Azerbaijani To Basque To Belarusian To Bengali To Bosnian To Bulgarian To Catalan To Cebuano To Chichewa To Chinese To Corsican To Croatian To Czech To Danish To Dutch To Esperanto To Estonian To Farsi To Filipino To Finnish To French To Frisian To Galician To Georgian To German To Greek To Gujarati To Haitian Creole To Hausa To Hebrew To Hindi To Hmong To Hungarian To Icelandic To Igbo To Indonesian To Irish To Italian To Japanese To Javanese To Kannada To Kazakh To Khmer To Korean To Kurdish To Kyrgyz To Lao To Latin To Latvian To Lithuanian To Luxembourgish To Macedonian To Malagasy To Malay To Malayalam To Maltese To Maori To Marathi To Mongolian To Burmese To Nepali To Norwegian To Polish To Portuguese To Punjabi To Romanian To Russian To Samoan To Scots Gaelic To Serbian To Sesotho To Shona To Sinhala To Slovak To Slovenian To Somali To Spanish To Sundanese To Swahili To Swedish To Tajik To Tamil To Telugu To Thai To Turkish To Ukrainian To Urdu To Uzbek To Vietnamese To Welsh To Xhosa To Yiddish To Yoruba To Zulu English French Afrikaans Word Albanian Word Arabic Word Bengali Word Chinese Word Croatian Word Czech Word Danish Word Dutch Word English Word Finnish Word French Word German Word Greek Word Hindi Word Hungarian Word Icelandic Word Indonesian Word Italian Word Japanese Word Korean Word Latin Word Malay Word Malayalam Word Marathi Word Nepali Word Norwegian Word Polish Word Portuguese Word Romanian Word Russian Word Serbian Word Slovak Word Spanish Word Swahili Word Swedish Word Tamil Word Telugu Word Thai Word Turkish Word Ukrainian Word Uzbek Word Vietnamese Word Welsh Word All words 2-letter words 3-letter words 4-letter words 5-letter words 6-letter words 7-letter words 8-letter words 9-letter words 10-letter words 11-letter words 12-letter words 13-letter words 14-letter words Plural of Singular of Past tense of Present tense of Verb for Adjective for Adverb for Noun for Meaning of name Origin of name Names meaning Names starting with Names of origin mutations Use * for blank tiles (max 2) Advanced Search Advanced Search Use * for blank spaces Advanced Search Advanced Word Finder See Also What is another word for mutations? What is the opposite of mutations? Words that rhyme with mutations What is the adverb for mutations? What is the adjective for mutations? What is the noun for mutations? Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words mutational mutation mutating mutates mutated mutate mutatis mutandis mutative mutator mutch mute muted 9-letter Words Starting With m mu mut muta mutat mutati mutatio mutation