The federal government will take punitive action against the company that polluted the river. |
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Many senators are opposed to his confirmation as a federal judge. |
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With the new federal law in place, the state law has become inoperative. |
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Cases under international maritime law and conflicting land grants of different states come under federal courts. |
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Foster and Catchings recommended federal and state governments to start large construction projects, a program followed by Hoover and Roosevelt. |
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It provided for a system of reopening sound banks under Treasury supervision, with federal loans available if needed. |
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In June 1937, the Roosevelt administration cut spending and increased taxation in an attempt to balance the federal budget. |
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Between 1933 and 1939, federal expenditure tripled, and Roosevelt's critics charged that he was turning America into a socialist state. |
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Aberystwyth was a founding member institution of the former federal University of Wales. |
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On 1 September 2007, the University of Wales ceased to be a federal university and Aberystwyth became independent again. |
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It received its Royal Charter in 1885 and was one of the founding member institutions of the former federal University of Wales. |
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From September 2007 it became known as Bangor University, having become independent from the federal University of Wales. |
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Prior to the foundation of the federal university, these three colleges had prepared students for the examinations of the University of London. |
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This attracts support not only from the business community, but also from federal and state organizations for these local street parties. |
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A mining engineer in whatever role they occupy must follow all federal, state, and local mine safety laws. |
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In 1981, the responsibilities for construction and maintenance of the motorways shifted from the federal to the regional governments. |
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Instead, a recent study revealed a majority in favour of returning regional competences to the federal level. |
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Healthcare is a federal matter, but the Flemish Government is responsible for care, health education and preventive care. |
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It has bilingual status and it is one of the three federal regions of Belgium, along with Flanders and Wallonia. |
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North Dakota expanded Medicaid in 2014, and its health insurance exchange is the federal site, HealthCare. |
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The gray wolf was exterminated by federal and state governments from all of the USA by 1960, except in Alaska and northern Minnesota. |
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A variety of federal environmental laws govern the use of phytotechnology for remediation. |
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Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. |
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In 1999, Nunavut became Canada's third territory after a series of negotiations with the federal government. |
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Canada's federal structure divides government responsibilities between the federal government and the ten provinces. |
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The federal Cabinet also appoints justices to superior courts in the provincial and territorial jurisdictions. |
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Criminal law is solely a federal responsibility and is uniform throughout Canada. |
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However, in most rural areas and some urban areas, policing responsibilities are contracted to the federal Royal Canadian Mounted Police. |
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Together, the provinces collect more revenue than the federal government, an almost unique structure among federations in the world. |
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In the United States, the United States Coast Guard was created in 1915 by the merger of two other federal agencies. |
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In 1807 Congress acted on President Jefferson's advice and made importing slaves from abroad a federal crime. |
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They feared that ending this balance could lead to the domination of the federal government by the northern free states. |
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The federal government also sent troops to the south to provide protection to the former slaves who were still living among their former masters. |
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The South sent delegations to Washington and offered to pay for the federal properties and enter into a peace treaty with the United States. |
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Lincoln called on all the states to send forces to recapture the fort and other federal properties. |
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They petitioned the federal government in 1975 and again in 1990 for official recognition of the Mashpee Wampanoag as a tribe. |
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The federal government refused to license any private broadcaster until the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation had created a national network. |
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Independents are a recurrent feature of the federal Parliament of Australia, and they are more commonly elected to state parliaments. |
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Nick Xenophon has been the only elected independent Senator since his election to the Senate at the 2007 federal election. |
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In the 2006 federal election, his riding was won by NDP candidate Penny Priddy. |
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Beside the federal Yugoslav People's Army, each constituent republic of the former SFR Yugoslavia had its own Territorial Defense Forces. |
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The federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 is the legal framework for the protection of threatened species. |
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The most recent federal election was held on 2 July 2016 and resulted in the Coalition's forming a majority government. |
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Many of Australia's performing arts companies receive funding through the federal government's Australia Council. |
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In 1991, the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation was established by the federal government to facilitate reconciliation. |
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Even in economically prosperous times the jobless totals in Lower Saxony are constantly higher than the federal average. |
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Today, Austria is a parliamentary representative democracy comprising nine federal states. |
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On 1 May 1945, the federal constitution of 1929, which had been terminated by dictator Dollfuss on 1 May 1934, was declared valid again. |
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Federal subjects are grouped into eight federal districts, each administered by an envoy appointed by the President of Russia. |
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The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 introduced a new component to the ideas of federalism, including municipalities as federal entities. |
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Section 91 of the constitution gives rise to federal authority for legislation, whereas section 92 gives rise to provincial powers. |
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Several federal systems exist in Europe, such as in Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Union. |
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It also established federal responsibility for defence, trade, and legal matters. |
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Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States. |
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Supreme Court did not invalidate any federal statute as exceeding Congress' power under the Commerce Clause. |
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An affirmative resolution concerning Brussels' place in the federal system passed in the parliaments of Wallonia and Brussels. |
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It has been proposed in several unitary states to establish a federal system, for various reasons. |
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Instead of adopting a federal model, the UK has relied on gradual devolution to decentralise political power. |
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In a federation, the division of power between federal and regional governments is usually outlined in the constitution. |
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In almost all federations the central government enjoys the powers of foreign policy and national defense as exclusive federal powers. |
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The structures of most federal governments incorporate mechanisms to protect the rights of component states. |
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One method, known as 'intrastate federalism', is to directly represent the governments of component states in federal political institutions. |
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Federations often have special procedures for amendment of the federal constitution. |
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The German Basic Law provides that no amendment is admissible at all that would abolish the federal system. |
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On 18 April 1999 the Swiss population and the cantons voted in favour of a completely revised federal constitution. |
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The Federal Constitution adopted in 1848 is the legal foundation of the modern federal state. |
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A new Constitution was adopted in 1999, but did not introduce notable changes to the federal structure. |
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The Federal Council constitutes the federal government, directs the federal administration and serves as collective Head of State. |
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The function of the Federal Supreme Court is to hear appeals against rulings of cantonal or federal courts. |
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Any 8 cantons together can also call a constitutional referendum on a federal law. |
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However, federal laws and other official acts do not need to be decreed in Romansh. |
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The freedom of the press and the right to free expression is guaranteed in the federal constitution of Switzerland. |
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The Liberal Radical Party embodied these democratic forces calling for a new federal constitution. |
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The Swiss Federal Constitution declares the cantons to be sovereign to the extent that their sovereignty is not limited by federal law. |
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As on the federal level, all cantons provide for some forms of direct democracy. |
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The cantons are listed in their order of precedence given in the federal constitution. |
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Although Bismarck had led the transformation of Germany from a loose confederation into a federal nation state, he had not done it alone. |
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The federal Performance Measurement System and how It relates to the field of corrections. |
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By 1832, the federal government of the United States established a smallpox vaccination program for Native Americans. |
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Mongolian people belonging to the Buryat and Kalmyk subgroups live predominantly in the Russian federal subjects of Buryatia and Kalmykia. |
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The Buryats are mainly concentrated in their homeland, the Buryat Republic, a federal subject of Russia. |
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During this time, Newfoundland was involved in a dispute with the federal government for control of offshore oil resources. |
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The main educational installations of the state are concentrated in the capital, including the seventh best federal university of the country. |
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In the face of expanding federal power, California in particular struggled to maintain control over its Chinese population. |
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Additionally, the Malaysian federal territory of Labuan is situated on a small island just off the coast of Borneo. |
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There have been attempts to change the government to a federal, unicameral, or parliamentary government since the Ramos administration. |
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Under the Stafford Act, the agency said, facilities cannot be improved with federal money, only restored to their predisaster condition. |
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Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a special federal entity that is also its capital and most populous city. |
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The federal legislature is the bicameral Congress of the Union, composed of the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies. |
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The Supreme Court of Justice interprets laws and judges cases of federal competency. |
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According to national law, the entirety of the coastlines are under federal ownership, that is, all beaches in the country are public. |
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If the federal government agrees to discuss an association agreement, the conditions would be negotiated between the two entities. |
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This board will have a significant degree of federal control involved in its establishment and operations. |
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Laws enacted at the federal level in the United States apply to Puerto Rico as well, regardless of its political status. |
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Only fundamental rights under the American federal constitution and adjudications are applied to Puerto Ricans. |
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There were 800 federal corruption convictions from 1988 to 2007, more than any other state. |
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They have gained slightly less federal money from national programs than they have paid in taxes. |
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Also in Portland is the federal bankruptcy court, with a second branch in Eugene. |
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Tens of thousands more employees work for contractors who have federal contracts, including those with the military. |
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Governor Scott, however, refused federal funds and the project has been canceled. |
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Primary and middle school education is ranked next to last of all federal entities. |
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Most of this is conceded by the federal government to private companies, with strategic stretches maintained directly by the government. |
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On February 5, 1988, General Manuel Antonio Noriega was accused of drug trafficking by federal juries in Tampa and Miami. |
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In 1877, the federal government withdrew its troops as part of the Compromise of 1877 that ended Reconstruction. |
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Also relevant are the state constitution, law enforcement agencies, federal representation, state finances, and state taxes. |
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As Canada acquired political authority and autonomy from the United Kingdom, the federal government began using simply Canada on state documents. |
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There are a more than 900 companies operating under the federal Prosec program in Baja California. |
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Oregon state government has a separation of powers similar to the federal government. |
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The United States District Court for the District of Oregon hears federal cases in the state. |
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As of 2008, Sakha Republic is the 19th most developed federal subject in Russia. |
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It is currently divided into Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai and makes up nearly all of the territory of these two federal subjects. |
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Some 563 scheduled tribes are recognized at the federal level, and a number of others recognized at the state level. |
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Another protected area is the federal Biosphere Reserve of La Sierra Gorda. |
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Some states continue to use writ procedures, such as quo warranto, that have been abolished as a procedural matter in federal courts. |
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Eisenhower has made a recess appointment to the Court, and the practice has become rare and controversial even in lower federal courts. |
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Nigeria is a federal republic modelled after the United States, with executive power exercised by the President. |
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On June 5, 2005, voters extended this right to the whole of Switzerland, through a federal referendum. |
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If an agency is found in violation of Title VI, that agency may lose its federal funding. |
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Title IX made it easier to move civil rights cases from state courts to federal court. |
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Ordinary prosecutions are the province of the states, and only crimes of special federal import are pursued by the federal government. |
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The federal courts, such as the Federal Court, Federal Court of Appeal, and Tax Court, each have their own reporter series. |
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Both the individual states and the federal government supported common law after the American Revolution. |
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Different federal and state courts sometimes have slightly different requirements for obtaining a permanent injunction. |
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First, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, federal courts used injunctions to break strikes by unions. |
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A trust itself is a distinct entity from its trustee and, in the United States, is subject to federal and state taxation. |
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In 1789, the United States circuit courts were United States federal courts established in each federal judicial district. |
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The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of general and permanent federal statutory law. |
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However, the scope of federal preemption is limited because the scope of federal power is not universal. |
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Many federal and state statutes have remained on the books for decades after they were ruled to be unconstitutional. |
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The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal statutes. |
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Congress often enacts statutes that grant broad rulemaking authority to federal agencies. |
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Federal courts are solely creatures of the federal Constitution and the federal Judiciary Acts. |
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This trend has been strongly evident in federal substantive due process and Commerce Clause decisions. |
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But certain key portions of their civil procedure laws have been modified by their legislatures to bring them closer to federal civil procedure. |
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It neither assigns powers to the federal government, nor does it place specific limitations on government action. |
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The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest federal court of the United States. |
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The Supreme Court was the only court specifically established by the Constitution while all other federal courts were created by Congress. |
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Congress is authorized by Article III of the federal Constitution to regulate the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction. |
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There has been debate throughout American history about the boundary between federal and state power. |
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Others address issues related to federal authority or modify government processes and procedures. |
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These were associated with the combination of consolidated government along with federal relationships with constituent states. |
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The constitution was a federal one, and was influenced by the study of other federations, both ancient and extant. |
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Article One describes the Congress, the legislative branch of the federal government. |
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The President is head of the executive branch of the federal government, as well as the nation's head of state and head of government. |
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The president is to receive only one compensation from the federal government. |
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Section 4 provides for removal of the president and other federal officers. |
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To enforce judicial decisions, the Constitution grants federal courts both criminal contempt and civil contempt powers. |
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Clause 1 of Section 2 authorizes the federal courts to hear actual cases and controversies only. |
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Cases arising under the laws of the United States and its treaties come under the jurisdiction of federal courts. |
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Brazil's current constitution, formulated in 1988, defines it as a democratic federal republic. |
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The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, frequently amended, remains an important weapon in the federal government's antihacker arsenal. |
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The department has been under pressure from the Department of Justice to comply with federal equal employment and antiharassment laws. |
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Antimargarine laws were amended and enacted at the state and federal levels over the intervening years. |
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The Drug Enforcement Administration, the federal agency in charge of drug control, has responsibility for enforcement of antisteroid laws. |
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Repurposing has become hot, and not only among drug manufacturers and federal budgeteers. |
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The federal government was the one party with the deep pockets to meet the rent-seeking needs of insurers and high-risk property owners. |
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The federal government has added five new birds to the endangered species list. |
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Jim was considered a federal official because he was employed by the U.S. Department of Justice. |
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Canada's system, described below, avoids regional variability of federal law by giving national jurisdiction to both layers of appellate courts. |
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Except on Constitutional issues, Congress is free to legislatively overrule federal courts' common law. |
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Most executive branch agencies in the United States federal government have some adjudicatory authority. |
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The division of jurisdiction between the federal and provincial Parliaments is specified in the Canadian constitution. |
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It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. |
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The federal government is proposing to add a number of substances to a hotlist that will prevent them from being used in cosmetics. |
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Indeed historian Julia Ott has shown how the federal government's impetus for the investing craze built upon such an ideology. |
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Also among the federal developments was the Pentagon, built during World War II as the headquarters for the Department of Defense. |
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Virginia has extended state recognition to eight Native American tribes resident in the state, though some lack federal recognition status. |
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Many others work for government contractors, including defense and security firms, which hold more than 15,000 federal contracts. |
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In a federal or confederal union the states continue in existence but place themselves under a new federal authority. |
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The federal state alone will be the state in international law though the federated states retain an existence in domestic law. |
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If a state becomes a federated unit of another existing state, the former continuing its legal existence, then that is a federal annexation. |
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In 1867 there was a union of three colonies with British North America which together formed the Canadian Confederation, a federal dominion. |
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In 1964, the 24th Amendment, which abolished the use of poll taxes as a requirement for voting in federal elections, was passed. |
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Full enfranchisement was revived in 1965, with the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which provided for federal enforcement of rights. |
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However, Churchill did not want Britain to actually join any federal grouping. |
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Yukon was carved from the Northwest Territories in 1898 but it remained a federal territory. |
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Since that time, the federal government has slowly devolved legislative jurisdiction to the territories. |
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Transfer of many responsibilities from the federal government to that of the territories was recommended and carried out. |
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In 1966, the federal government established the Carruthers Commission to look at the issue of government in the north. |
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Both the NWT Legislative Assembly and the federal government accepted the idea of dividing the territory. |
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As such, it was governed directly by the central or federal government and the president of Mexico appointed its governor or executive regent. |
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The autonomy, or home rule, of the Federal District, was granted by the federal government, which in principle, has the right to remove it. |
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The Liberal Democrats are a federal party of the parties of England, Scotland and Wales. |
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He also called for a federal structure to the Labour Party with the creation of a distinct English Labour Party. |
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Louisiana taxpayers receive more federal funding per dollar of federal taxes paid compared to the average state. |
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Interior Department, in efforts by the federal government to strip Louisiana of its submerged land property rights. |
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However, upon the passage of House Bill 292, Louisiana again adopted a nonpartisan blanket primary for its federal congressional elections. |
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In federal systems the division between federal and state law may result in complex interactions. |
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In the United States, state courts are not considered inferior to federal courts but rather constitute a parallel court system. |
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At the top of the federal or national system is the Supreme Court, and underneath are lower federal courts. |
|
The state court systems have hierarchy structures similar to that of the federal system. |
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Department of Justice settles many cases against the federal government simply to avoid creating adverse precedent. |
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In the United States, stare decisis can interact in counterintuitive ways with the federal and state court systems. |
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The law enforcement in Pakistan is carried out by joint network of several federal and provincial police agencies. |
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The United States Department of Education supervises the role of the federal government in education. |
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The federal government funds aid to states and school districts that meet minimum federal standards. |
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French is the second most common language in Canada, after English, and both are official languages at the federal level. |
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Funding can range from federal, state, local public allocations, private sources, and parental fees. |
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In Canada, education is the responsibility of the provinces and territories, rather than the federal government. |
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For instance, federated states are members of a federal union, and may have only partial sovereignty, but are, nonetheless, states. |
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Some Universities, like UFMG, the largest federal university in Brazil, give extra points in their admission tests instead of quotas. |
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Most college students in the United States qualify for federal student loans. |
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Students only borrow from private lenders when they exhaust the maximum borrowing limits under federal loans. |
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Extension options include extended payment periods offered by the original lender and federal loan consolidation. |
|
In addition to higher tuition, these students are also unable to receive any federal assistance as they are denied Social Security numbers. |
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Mr. Odinga campaigned on a policy of federal decentralization known as majimboism. |
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King's College London is a constituent college and was one of the two founding members of the federal University of London. |
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The School joined the federal University of London in 1900, and was recognised as a Faculty of Economics of the university. |
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The federal law is only the minimum standard however, and each state is free to enact laws that are more stringent if they so choose. |
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These US certificates are often required to charter a boat, but are not required by any federal or state law. |
|
States may be classified Many states are federated states which participate in a federal union. |
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A new delimitation of the federal territory has been discussed since the Federal Republic was founded in 1949 and even before. |
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If no agreement is reached, the revision shall be effected by a federal law, which shall provide for an advisory referendum. |
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On 24 August 1976, the binding provision for a new delimitation of the federal territory was altered into a mere discretionary one. |
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First, they administer programs authorized by the federal or state government. |
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Instead, the Kingdom is said to have characteristics of a federal state, a confederation, a federacy, and a devolved unitary state. |
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Constitution, powers are shared between the federal government and the states. |
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It is the second largest university on the island of Ireland, after the federal National University of Ireland. |
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In Canada, there is a federal capital, while the ten provinces and three territories all have capital cities. |
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There is no proportional representation at the federal level, and it is rare at lower levels. |
|
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The United States is a federal republic of 50 states, a federal district, five territories and eleven uninhabited island possessions. |
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Taxes in the United States are levied at the federal, state and local government level. |
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At the federal level and in almost every state, a legal system operates on a common law. |
|
Capital punishment is sanctioned in the United States for certain federal and military crimes, and used in 31 states. |
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According to the Federal Bureau of Prisons, the majority of inmates held in federal prisons are convicted of drug offenses. |
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In September 1966 the Welsh Liberal Party formed their own state party, moving the Liberal Party into a fully federal structure. |
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Larger unions also typically engage in lobbying activities and supporting endorsed candidates at the state and federal level. |
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In the 1970s the federal government came under intense pressures to curtail labour cost and inflation. |
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Legislation also required the consent of the Bundesrat, the federal council of deputies from the 27 states. |
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Although nominally a federal empire and league of equals, in practice the empire was dominated by the largest and most powerful state, Prussia. |
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Responsibility for educational supervision in Germany is primarily organised within the individual federal states. |
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The Juno Beach Centre, opened in 2003, was funded by the Canadian federal and provincial governments, France, and Canadian veterans. |
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The Europeans could watch local, state, and federal governments work together with citizens in a pluralist society. |
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It is usually used when calling for federal spending to correct a perceived failure of the private sector. |
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India is a federal republic governed under a parliamentary system and consists of 29 states and 7 union territories. |
|
Federalism in India defines the power distribution between the federal government and the states. |
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Various federalist organisations have been created over time supporting the idea of a federal Europe. |
|
They drive the development of a federal model for the European integration. |
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Belgium is a constitutional, popular monarchy and a federal parliamentary democracy. |
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The implicit guarantee by the US federal government created a moral hazard and contributed to a glut of risky lending. |
|
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In spite of trillions paid out by the US federal government, it became much more difficult to borrow money. |
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A lieutenant governor may defer assent to the governor general, and the governor general may defer assent to federal bills to the sovereign. |
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At both state and federal realms in Australia, assent is used as the means of enforcing a referendum that is required. |
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Two bills sought to put banks under the authority of the province, thereby interfering with the federal government's powers. |
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Member of Parliament refers to the elected members of the federal Bundestag Parliament at the Reichstag building in Berlin. |
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In a nation with a federal system of government the approval of a majority of state or provincial legislatures may be required. |
|
Details are to be found in the articles on the constitutions of the various nations and federal states in the world. |
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With additional votes from Montenegro, Serbia was thus able to heavily influence the decisions of the federal government. |
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On 3 March 1989 the Presidency of Yugoslavia imposed special measures assigning responsibility for public security to the federal government. |
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Some studies find no harm to employment from federal of state minimum wages, others see a small one, but none finds any serious damage. |
|
The federal government attempted to enforce the law, but with meager affect. |
|
On April 7, 2016, federal prosecutor Federico Delgado began a formal investigation into Macri's involvement with Fleg Trading Ltd. |
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A US federal court found that he diverted funds to fictitious companies, but he nonetheless became minister of energy. |
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The same concepts may also apply to a boundary between provinces or other subdivisions of a federal state. |
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The province participates in the HST, a blended sales tax collected by the federal government using the GST tax system. |
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Responsibility for educational supervision is organized at the federal and individual provincial states. |
|
Like in Germany and the USA, the medical profession in Canada is not regulated at the federal level. |
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In addition, the study said female judges might exert their influence in cases that were decided by multijudge federal appeals panels. |
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Such states differ from fully sovereign states, in that they have transferred a portion of their sovereign powers to a federal government. |
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Instead, the federal union as a single entity becomes the sovereign state for purposes of international law. |
|
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In countries with federal constitutions, there is a division of power between the central government and the component states. |
|
Laws governing the relationship between federal and regional powers can be amended through the federal constitution and state constitutions. |
|
Before settlers arrived, the federal government also sent teams of negotiators to meet with the Native peoples of the region. |
|
The federal government is composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, as well as numerous independent commissions. |
|
Both the federal and state governments levy excise taxes on goods such as alcohol, motor fuel, and tobacco products. |
|
The laws of the federal government and of some state governments impose excises known as the income tax. |
|
Even though federal excise taxes are geographically uniform, state excise taxes vary considerably. |
|
Federal nations, such as the United States, divide control over certain waters between the federal government and the individual states. |
|
The politics of Ethiopia takes place in a framework of a federal parliamentary republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government. |
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Organizations such as SOS and Farm Africa are working with the federal government and local governments to create a system of forest management. |
|
The early 2000s saw the creation of fledgling interim federal administrations. |
|
This marked the first time since the fall of the Siad Barre regime in 1991 that the federal government controlled most of the country. |
|
As a result of these developments, the Somalia Petroleum Corporation was established by the federal government. |
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The fact that a kidnapped victim may have been taken across state lines brings the crime within the ambit of federal criminal law. |
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Eleven butterflies are also endangered and two that are threatened are on the federal list. |
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The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system. |
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As new president of the Confederation, Urquiza enacted the liberal and federal 1853 Constitution. |
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Starting with Julio Argentino Roca in 1880, ten consecutive federal governments emphasized liberal economic policies. |
|
Argentina is a federal constitutional republic and representative democracy. |
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The Judicial branch includes the Supreme Court and lower federal courts interpret laws and overturn those they find unconstitutional. |
|
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An 1862 law designated as national territories those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces. |
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The Interior Security System, jointly administered by the federal and subscribing provincial governments. |
|
At the federal level it is coordinated by the Interior, Security and Justice ministries, and monitored by Congress. |
|
Of these, the first three are affiliated with federal authorities and the last two are subordinate to state governments. |
|
All police forces are the responsibility of the executive branch of any of the federal or state powers. |
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For example, criminal and civil laws can be voted by only the federal bicameral Congress and are uniform throughout the country. |
|
The nation's administration is highly decentralized, so that the federal government has limited powers. |
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Labrador constitutes a federal electoral district electing one member to the House of Commons of Canada. |
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The federal administrative centre of Malaysia, Putrajaya, is also a planned city. |
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The Scottish Party decides its policy on state matters independently from the federal party. |
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Others, such as Argentina and Mexico, have shifted between federal, confederal, and unitary systems, before settling into federalism. |
|
Brazil, on the other hand, has experienced both the federal and the unitary state during its history. |
|
The EU is therefore not a de jure federation, although some The European Union possesses attributes of a federal state. |
|
Nevertheless, for the purposes of the analysis here, the EU has the necessary attributes of a federal system. |
|
One issue is that the exact division of power and responsibility between federal and regional governments is often a source of controversy. |
|
The relationship between federal and local courts varies from nation to nation and can be a controversial and complex issue in itself. |
|
The federal government is the common or national government of a federation. |
|
A federal government may have distinct powers at various levels authorized or delegated to it by its member states. |
|
However, later amendments, particularly the Fourteenth Amendment, gave the federal government considerable authority over states. |
|
The federal government made an exemption for whisky prescribed by a doctor and sold through licensed pharmacies. |
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