To this day, a casual walk along the Normandy coast reveals scores of entrenched batteries and nearly monumental emplacements of concrete. |
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The Normandy Band of the Queen's Division provided a full range of music from marches to the stirring Post Horn Gallop. |
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In Normandy, the resorts of Trouville and Deauville are popular with Parisians, so properties sell at a premium. |
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It was, after all, the most ambitious amphibious operation in the annals of military history until the Normandy invasion. |
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However, he was also committed to reconquering his father's lands in Normandy, Anjou and especially in Poitou. |
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Andouillettes are a Normandy specialty made by filling pig intestine with more pig intestines and tripe, or cow's stomach lining. |
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It clearly showed the vast armada of the invasion fleet standing just off the coast of Normandy. |
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After the loss of Normandy, King John paid the ransom for Gerard and awarded him several sheriffships. |
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In the days following the D-Day landings, Allied troops carved a tenuous foothold on the coast of Normandy. |
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One recipient was Jan De Vries, who was airdropped into Normandy before dawn on D-Day with the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion. |
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From the roaring 20's to the beaches of Normandy, it has always had a certain panache. |
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Robert relinquished his claim in return for Henry's territories in Normandy and a large annuity. |
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The question of the administration of liberated areas was still unresolved when the Allied armies launched the Normandy landings on 6 June. |
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We know that the final decision to launch the landing in Normandy in 1944 was made on the strength of a meteorological report. |
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Among them was 81-year-old Calpin, who served as an able seaman with the Royal Navy during the Normandy landings. |
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He lived with his mistress at a luxurious estate in Normandy, to which he had added a grandiose belvedere. |
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Thousands of landing craft were built to land armies in Normandy and on Pacific islands. |
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A range was opened near Le Havre on the Normandy coast to test long-range guns, and more workshops were built nearby. |
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After landing in Normandy he served as a regimental medical officer until the armistice. |
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Commodore Dayka Smythe was a gunnery control officer seconded to the Royal Navy at the time of the Normandy invasion. |
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The similar French product, a speciality of ports in the north of Normandy, is called bouffi, also meaning swollen or bloated. |
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After all, when it came to minting coins the Angevins introduced Angevin practice into both England and Normandy. |
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And as his stunned neighbors in Normandy might tell you, even allegedly nice guys are fair game. |
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This is an event meant to honour the Americans, British and Canadians who stormed the beaches of Normandy to liberate France and Europe from the German yoke. |
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Before the loss of Normandy and most of the other Angevin lands in France by King John, the Angevins understandably devoted their attention to their primary French estates. |
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In the eighteenth century, it was inhabited by tinsmiths from the Auvergne, masons from the Limousin, stonecutters from Normandy and woodworkers from Savoy. |
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He was mentioned in despatches for his part in the Normandy landings. |
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Allied ground forces in Normandy used a white star for the same reason, and in the Gulf war in 1990-1 Allied vehicles bore a distinguishing chevron. |
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The Arabs were driven out in 1090 by a band of Norman adventurers under Count Roger of Normandy, who had established a kingdom in southern Italy and Sicily. |
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Now, with the aid of oil industry technology, the area off Utah and Omaha beaches in Normandy will be mapped, revealing exactly where the tanks were buried. |
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On top of these requirements they had to be strong enough to weather the storms of the Channel and the dramatic tide differences of the Normandy coast. |
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He spent five years quelling rebellions and establishing Norman authority, building many castles and stocking them with men brought from Normandy. |
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By the end of the day, some 100,000 soldiers and officers of the Allied armies concentrated on the beaches of Normandy and proceeded to widen the beachhead. |
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The classic example was the Allied air attacks on the French rail network in 1944 to interdict German troop movements that might interfere with the Normandy landings. |
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Matilda appears to have performed competently the expected queenly role of supporting her husband's rule and frequently acted as regent in England when he was in Normandy. |
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It will also commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Normandy landings, and many veterans' groups are already lined up to take part in a special event. |
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Along the beaches of Normandy old combatants from Germany and Great Britain will be standing shoulder to shoulder to commemorate the last great action of the Second World War. |
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Then we started the drive through the bocage of Normandy, the maze of fields, hedges and ditches William the Conqueror shaped to slow down German tanks and Ford Cortinas. |
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Throughout mid-winter, especially from Christmas through Twelfth Night in Normandy, men, women and children ran through fields waving torches around branches of fruit trees. |
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The absent star of the summit grew up 10 miles away in Le Havre, on the Normandy coast. |
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The false intelligence led the Germans to believe that the main force would land on the Pas de Calais rather than in Normandy. |
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The forces in Calais would have moved to Normandy and could well have thrown the Allies back into the sea. |
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But as the Flying Fortresses arrived over Normandy, gunning toward the bridge at Caen, the cloud cover suddenly thickened. |
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Indeed, more than a million doses of botulism antiserum were prepared for D-Day soldiers invading Normandy Beach. |
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He had as a helpful ally in this Adolf Hitler, who kept refusing to believe the Normandy landings were the main landings. |
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Because of this, Ethelred fled to Normandy in 1013, when he was forced from his kingdom by Sweyn Forkbeard. |
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Early Norman kings of England, as Dukes of Normandy, owed homage to the King of France for their land on the continent. |
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Their troops were gathered in Normandy, Gascony and were later reinforced by Castilian colonists. |
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Normandy was the site of several important developments in the history of classical music in the 11th century. |
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At Saint Evroul, a tradition of singing had developed and the choir achieved fame in Normandy. |
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The marriage was the third attempt of Geoffrey's father, Fulk V, Count of Anjou, to build a political alliance with Normandy. |
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Henry I had the marriage annulled to avoid strengthening William's rival claim to Normandy. |
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In Richard's absence, Philip II overran large portions of Normandy and John acquired control of Richard's English lands. |
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Edward had restored the lands of the former Angevin Empire holding Normandy, Brittany, Anjou, Maine and the coastline from Flanders to Spain. |
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In subsequent years Henry recaptured much of Normandy and secured marriage to Catherine of Valois. |
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Henry's mother, firstly married to the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V, was the eldest daughter of Henry I, King of England and Duke of Normandy. |
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She was born into a powerful ruling class of Normans, who traditionally owned extensive estates in both England and Normandy. |
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Taking his immediate household and a small number of mercenaries, he left Normandy and landed in England, striking into Wiltshire. |
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The planned attack disintegrated after Stephen marched rapidly north to York, and Henry returned to Normandy. |
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Rumours of a plot to kill Henry were circulating and, possibly as a consequence, Henry decided to return to Normandy for a period. |
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The two men had already clashed over Henry's succession to Normandy and the remarriage of Eleanor, and the relationship was not repaired. |
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Henry's reign saw significant legal changes, particularly in England and Normandy. |
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In 1164 Henry intervened to seize lands along the border of Brittany and Normandy, and in 1166 invaded Brittany to punish the local barons. |
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Louis allied himself with the Welsh, Scots and Bretons, and the French king attacked Normandy. |
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In January 1174 the forces of Young Henry and Louis attacked again, threatening to push through into central Normandy. |
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In early 1174, Henry's enemies appeared to have tried to lure him back into England, allowing them to attack Normandy in his absence. |
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Louis and Philip could now push overland into eastern Normandy and reached Rouen. |
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The remaining English rebel strongholds collapsed and in August Henry returned to Normandy. |
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Henry set about extending royal justice in England to reassert his authority and spent time in Normandy shoring up support amongst the barons. |
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The empire was established by Henry II, as King of England, Count of Anjou, and Duke of Normandy. |
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Normandy was the most administrated state of the Angevin Empire after England. |
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These officials were introduced during the 12th century in Normandy and cause an organisation of the duchy similar to the sheriffs in England. |
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England and Normandy were well administered and therefore would be able to generate larger revenues than areas such as Aquitaine. |
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For Normandy, there were a lot of fluctuations relative to the politics of the Duchy. |
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The counts were recurrent enemies of the dukes of Normandy and of Brittany and often the French king. |
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Geoffrey first sent his wife Matilda alone to Normandy in a diplomatic mission to be recognized Duchess of Normandy and replace Stephen. |
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Geoffrey followed at the head of his army and quickly captured several fortresses in southern Normandy. |
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When Geoffrey returned to Normandy in September 1136, the region had become plagued with internal, baronial infighting. |
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In 1139, Robert and Matilda crossed the channel and arrived in England while Geoffrey kept the pressure on Normandy. |
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Stephen was captured in February 1141 at the Battle of Lincoln, which prompted the collapse of his authority in both England and Normandy. |
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Following the capture of Avranches, Mortain and Cherbourg, Rouen surrendered to him in 1144 and he then had himself anointed as Duke of Normandy. |
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In July 1152, Capetian troops attacked Aquitaine while Louis, Eustace, Henry of Champagne, and Robert attacked Normandy. |
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Philip attacked Henry in Normandy and captured strongholds in Berry, then they met to discuss peace again. |
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Philip and his allies were now in control of all the ports of Flanders, Boulogne, and eastern Normandy. |
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A truce was accepted, and Richard I had almost recovered all Normandy and now held more territories in Aquitaine than he had before. |
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Le Mans refused to declare allegiance to John, so he ran to Normandy, where he was invested as duke in Rouen on 25 April. |
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Philip went on to invade Normandy as far as Arques in May, taking a number of castles. |
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In December 1203, John left Normandy never to return, and on 24 June 1204, Normandy capitulated with the surrender of Rouen. |
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His first recorded visit to the European continent was in May 1165, when his mother took him to Normandy. |
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In exchange for Philip's help against his father, Richard promised to concede to him his rights to both Normandy and Anjou. |
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Two days later Henry II died in Chinon, and Richard the Lionheart succeeded him as King of England, Duke of Normandy, and Count of Anjou. |
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He reconfirmed his father's appointment of William Fitz Ralph to the important post of seneschal of Normandy. |
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When Philip besieged Aumale in Normandy, Richard grew tired of waiting and seized the manor, although the act was opposed by the Church. |
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He was no Englishman, but it does not follow that he gave to Normandy, Anjou, or Aquitaine the love or care that he denied to his kingdom. |
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A major change came in July 1346, when Edward staged a major offensive, sailing for Normandy with a force of 15,000 men. |
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Lower Normandy was quickly conquered, and Rouen was cut off from Paris and besieged. |
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After Charles VII's successful Normandy campaign in 1450, he concentrated his efforts on Gascony, the last province held by the English. |
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In his second campaign, he recaptured much of Normandy and in a treaty secured a marriage to Catherine of Valois. |
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The two brothers signed a treaty at Rouen, granting William Rufus a range of lands and castles in Normandy. |
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A dispute over the succession to Edward led to the Norman conquest of England in 1066, accomplished by an army led by Duke William of Normandy. |
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The Normans themselves originated from Scandinavia and had settled in Normandy in the late 9th and early 10th centuries. |
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United Kingdom forces played an important role in the Normandy landings of 1944, achieved with its United States ally. |
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In 1259, Henry III of England recognised the legality of French possession of mainland Normandy under the Treaty of Paris. |
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His successors, however, often fought to regain control of mainland Normandy. |
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It suffered especially from Viking raids, and was often used as a winter base by Viking raiders when they were unable to reach Normandy. |
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He was not, however, planning to absorb the Kingdom into the Duchy of Normandy. |
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A few remnants of Normandy, including the Channel Islands, remained in John's possession, together with most of the Duchy of Aquitaine. |
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In 1072, with the Harrying of the North completed and his position again secure, William of Normandy came north with an army and a fleet. |
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The threat was enough to bring the English king back from Normandy, where he had been fighting Robert Curthose. |
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The chalk cliffs of the Alabaster Coast of Normandy, France, are part of the same geological system as Dover's cliffs. |
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In 1064 Harold sailed from Bosham, from where a storm cast him up in Normandy. |
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However, the English nobility took a different view, and the Witenagemot recalled Aethelred from Normandy. |
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In the early 1030s Edward witnessed four charters in Normandy, signing two of them as king of England. |
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Edward is said to have fought a successful skirmish near Southampton, and then retreated back to Normandy. |
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He thus showed his prudence, but he had some reputation as a soldier in Normandy and Scandinavia. |
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The Normans claimed that Edward sent Harold to Normandy in about 1064 to confirm the promise of the succession to William. |
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William's army assembled during the summer while an invasion fleet in Normandy was constructed. |
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Although the army and fleet were ready by early August, adverse winds kept the ships in Normandy until late September. |
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A Norman lord typically had properties located in a piecemeal fashion throughout England and Normandy, and not in a single geographic block. |
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William was the son of the unmarried Robert I, Duke of Normandy, by Robert's mistress Herleva. |
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He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. |
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Norsemen first began raiding in what became Normandy in the late 8th century. |
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He was the only son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy. |
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Robert became Duke of Normandy on 6 August 1027, succeeding his elder brother Richard III, who had only succeeded to the title the previous year. |
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Henry and Geoffrey led another invasion of Normandy in 1057 but were defeated by William at the Battle of Varaville. |
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William was the grandson of Edward's maternal uncle, Richard II, Duke of Normandy. |
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The last claimant was William of Normandy, against whose anticipated invasion King Harold Godwinson made most of his preparations. |
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To deal with Norman affairs, William put the government of Normandy into the hands of his wife for the duration of the invasion. |
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Throughout the summer, William assembled an army and an invasion fleet in Normandy. |
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On 6 June 1944 the Allies invaded Normandy and in August they invaded Provence. |
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These captures secured William's rear areas and also his line of retreat to Normandy, if that was needed. |
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By March, William was secure enough to return to Normandy, but he took with him Stigand, Morcar, Edwin, Edgar, and Waltheof. |
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While William was in Normandy, a former ally, Eustace, the Count of Boulogne, invaded at Dover but was repulsed. |
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Richilde proposed marriage to William fitzOsbern, who was in Normandy, and fitzOsbern accepted. |
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William returned to England later in 1075 to deal with the Danish threat, leaving his wife Matilda in charge of Normandy. |
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King Philip of France later relieved the siege and defeated William at Dol, forcing him to retreat back to Normandy. |
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The Vexin was a buffer state between Normandy and the lands of the French king, and Simon had been a supporter of William. |
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Orderic relates that he had previously demanded control of Maine and Normandy and had been rebuffed. |
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This band of young men went to the castle at Remalard, where they proceeded to raid into Normandy. |
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William departed Normandy in July 1080, and in the autumn William's son Robert was sent on a campaign against the Scots. |
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Also, the charters and documents produced for the government in Normandy differed in formulas from those produced in England. |
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William spent most of his time in England between the Battle of Hastings and 1072, and after that he spent the majority of his time in Normandy. |
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The immediate consequence of William's death was a war between his sons Robert and William over control of England and Normandy. |
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Harold Godwinson had agreed to support William's claim after being imprisoned in Normandy, by Guy of Ponthieu. |
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A major storm battered the Normandy coast from 19 to 22 June, which would have made the beach landings impossible. |
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The Germans had ordered French civilians, other than those deemed essential to the war effort, to leave potential combat zones in Normandy. |
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Pegasus Bridge, a target of the British 6th Airborne, was the site of some of the earliest action of the Normandy landings. |
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The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy. |
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The Old East Norse dialect was spoken in Denmark, Sweden, settlements in Kievan Rus', eastern England, and Danish settlements in Normandy. |
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He spent much of his time outside his principality, in England and in Normandy. |
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The English expected an attempt to recapture Paris or an attack on Normandy. |
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After Verneuil, the English were able to consolidate their position in Normandy. |
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When his father found out, he sent Voltaire to study law, this time in Caen, Normandy. |
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After William of Normandy secured England, he left the Welsh to his Norman barons to carve out lordships for themselves. |
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Due to his problems with the Church and Normandy, Henry was anxious to secure peace and order in Wales. |
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In 911, French Carolingian ruler Charles the Simple allowed a group of Vikings to settle in Normandy under their leader Rollo. |
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In 1944, it was disbanded and its units were either deployed or broken up to reinforce the 21st Army Group in Normandy during Operation Overlord. |
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Charles gave Rollo the title of duke and granted him and his followers possession of Normandy. |
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The Duchy of Normandy also annexed further areas in Northern France, expanding the territory which was originally negotiated. |
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The factory in La Glacerie was destroyed by Allied bombardments in 1944 during the Normandy invasion. |
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The food industry, essential in Lower Normandy, is not absent from the employment pool. |
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The club has also two other senior male teams in the League of Lower Normandy. |
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The department manages 16 colleges and the region of Normandy manages 9 schools. |
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The machines are designed for Offshore wind power in Brittany, the UK, and Normandy. |
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The mineral and geological collections were all destroyed, including a rare collection of local mineral specimens of Normandy. |
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In 933, the Duchy of Normandy annexed the Channel Islands including Chausey, Minquiers and Ecrehous. |
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The peninsula lies wholly within the department of Manche, in the region of Normandy. |
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In 1088 Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, enfeoffed the Cotentin to his brother Henry, who later became king of England. |
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The town of Valognes was, until the French Revolution, a provincial social resort for the aristocracy, nicknamed the Versailles of Normandy. |
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During World War II, part of the 1944 Battle of Normandy was fought in the Cotentin. |
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This was territory formerly known as the county of Rouen, and which would become Upper Normandy. |
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These expansions brought the boundaries of Normandy roughly in line with those of the ecclesiastical province of Rouen. |
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Scholarly churchmen were brought into Normandy from the Rhineland, and they built and endowed monasteries and supported monastic schools. |
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The judgments of the Exchequer, the main court of Normandy, were declared final. |
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The Duchy of Normandy survived mainly by the intermittent installation of a duke. |
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Philippe VI made Jean, his eldest son and heir to his throne, the Duke of Normandy. |
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Normandy could thus serve as a basis for rebellion against the royal power. |
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There are traces of Scandinavian law in the customary laws of Normandy, which were first written down in the 13th century. |
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He was succeeded by his son, William Longsword in the Duchy of Normandy that he had founded. |
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The territory over which the king exercised actual control shrank considerably, and was reduced to lands between Normandy and river Loire. |
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Norsemen began settling in Normandy, and from 919 Magyars invaded repeatedly. |
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During this period the Cotentin Peninsula was lost by Brittany and gained by Normandy. |
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John still expected to recover his ancestral lands, and those English lords who held lands in Normandy would have to choose sides. |
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Some of the traditional ties between parts of the empire such as Normandy and England were slowly dissolving over time. |
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Henry the Young King fought a short war with his brother Richard in 1183 over the status of England, Normandy and Aquitaine. |
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John hoped to acquire Normandy, Anjou and the other lands in France held by Richard in exchange for allying himself with Philip. |
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Warfare in Normandy at the time was shaped by the defensive potential of castles and the increasing costs of conducting campaigns. |
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Philip argued that he was summoning John not as the Duke of Normandy, but as the Count of Poitou, which carried no such special status. |
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John's relief operation was blocked by Philip's forces, and John turned back to Brittany in an attempt to draw Philip away from eastern Normandy. |
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John successfully devastated much of Brittany, but did not deflect Philip's main thrust into the east of Normandy. |
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By August, Philip had taken Normandy and advanced south to occupy Anjou and Poitou as well. |
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One of John's principal challenges was acquiring the large sums of money needed for his proposed campaigns to reclaim Normandy. |
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During the remainder of his reign, John focused on trying to retake Normandy. |
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Philip also began to wage war with King Henry II of England, who was also Count of Anjou and Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine in France. |
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On 20 January 1192, Philip met with William FitzRalph, Richard's seneschal of Normandy. |
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Meanwhile, Philip was joined by Count Baldwin of Flanders, and together they laid siege to Rouen, the ducal capital of Normandy. |
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By 13 March Richard had returned to England, and by 12 May he had set sail for Normandy with some 300 ships, eager to engage Philip in war. |
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The terms of John's vassalage were not only for Normandy, but also for Anjou, Maine, and Touraine. |
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By the end of 1204, most of Normandy and the Angevin lands, including much of Aquitaine, had fallen into Philip's hands. |
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In 1204, Philip II of France had forced King John out of continental Normandy enforcing his 1202 claim that the lands were forfeit. |
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When the breakout finally did come it was spectacular, with Allied troops very quickly capturing almost all of Normandy within days. |
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Many German forces that had been fighting in Normandy were trapped in the Falaise pocket. |
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Moreover, 112,000 evacuated French soldiers were repatriated via the Normandy and Brittany ports. |
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Rommel and his 7th Panzer Division headed west over the Seine river through Normandy and captured the port of Cherbourg on 18 June. |
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After Army Group B had begun its offensive against Paris and into Normandy, Army Group A began its advance into the rear of the Maginot line. |
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The 7th Panzer Division continued its advance through Normandy and reached Cherbourg on 18 June. |
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Dieppe belongs to the Pays de Caux, lying along the Alabaster Coast in the region of Normandy. |
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The port remained garrisoned by German forces until the conclusion of the Battle of Normandy. |
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The linkup of the Normandy forces with the Allied forces in southern France occurred on 12 September as part of the drive to the Siegfried Line. |
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During the liberation of Normandy, between 13,632 and 19,890 French civilians were killed, and more were seriously wounded. |
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Many cities and towns in Normandy were totally devastated by the fighting and bombings. |
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Several large cemeteries in the area serve as the final resting place for many of the Allied and German soldiers killed in the Normandy campaign. |
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Falaise is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. |
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Eight of the nine Panzer divisions in Normandy were to be used in the attack, but only four could be made ready in time. |
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The Battle of the Falaise Pocket ended the Battle of Normandy with a decisive German defeat. |
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More than forty German divisions were destroyed during the Battle of Normandy. |
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With close to 20,000 men and 150 tanks before the Normandy campaign, after Falaise it was reduced to 300 men and 10 tanks. |
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The Normandy invasion began with overnight parachute and glider landings, massive air attacks and naval bombardments. |
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The Normandy landings were the first successful opposed landings across the English Channel in over eight centuries. |
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The beaches at Normandy are still referred to on maps and signposts by their invasion codenames. |
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The Battle of Normandy has been the topic of many films, television shows, songs, computer games and books. |
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Many dramatisations focus on the initial landings, and these are covered at Normandy Landings. |
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Since 1975 the festival has continued to promote American cinematography as well as bring American and European stars to Normandy. |
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Known for its family oriented atmosphere the Normandy has become a landmark for tourists and locals. |
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Even longer routes from Cherbourg, Normandy and Brittany generate business, boosted by ferries from Ireland where alcohol duties are even higher. |
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Traditionally, Cornish people refer to the Duke of Cornwall in the Loyal Toast, much like the Duke of Normandy in the Channel Islands. |
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Considered by contemporaries to be a harsh but effective ruler, Henry skilfully manipulated the barons in England and Normandy. |
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Normandy was also governed through a growing system of justices and an exchequer. |
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He supported the Cluniac order and played a major role in the selection of the senior clergy in England and Normandy. |
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Robert, the eldest, despite being in armed rebellion against his father at the time of his death, received Normandy. |
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Robert's invasion force failed to leave Normandy, leaving William Rufus secure in England. |
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He met with the King but was unable to persuade him to grant him their mother's estates, and travelled back to Normandy in the autumn. |
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Although no longer formally the Count of Cotentin, Henry continued to control the west of Normandy. |
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In early 1091, William Rufus invaded Normandy with a sufficiently large army to bring Robert to the negotiating table. |
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Billy spent all morning firing caps with his friends, re-enacting storming the beach at Normandy. |
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They nominated each other as heirs to England and Normandy, excluding Henry from any succession while either one of them lived. |
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By 1094, he was allocating lands and castles to his followers as if he were the Duke of Normandy. |
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William Rufus crossed into Normandy to take the war to Robert in 1094, and when progress stalled, called upon Henry for assistance. |
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Robert remained in England for a few months more with Henry before returning to Normandy. |
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His power base in England broken, Robert accepted Henry's offer of banishment and left the country for Normandy. |
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Henry attempted to win over other members of the Normandy nobility and gave other English estates and lucrative offers to key Norman lords. |
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Henry occupied western Normandy, and advanced east on Bayeux, where Fitzhamon was held. |
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Henry mopped up the remaining resistance in Normandy, and Robert ordered his last garrisons to surrender. |
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Reaching Rouen, Henry reaffirmed the laws and customs of Normandy and took homage from the leading barons and citizens. |
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Henry ruled through the various barons and lords in England and Normandy, whom he manipulated skilfully for political effect. |
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Louis demanded Henry give homage to him and that two disputed castles along the Normandy border be placed into the control of neutral castellans. |
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At about this time, Henry probably began to style himself as the Duke of Normandy. |
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War broke out after Henry returned to Normandy with an army to support Theobald of Blois, who was under attack from Louis. |
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Henry was pushed onto the defensive as French, Flemish and Angevin forces began to pillage the Normandy countryside. |
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In the aftermath, Henry dispossessed the couple of almost all of their lands in Normandy. |
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The war slowly petered out after this battle, and Louis took the dispute over Normandy to Pope Callixtus II's council in Reims that October. |
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Henry angrily declined to do so, probably out of concern that Geoffrey would try to seize power in Normandy. |
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Other settlements on the island are Old Town, Porthloo, Pelistry, Trenoweth, Holy Vale, Maypole, Normandy, Longstone, Rocky Hill and Telegraph. |
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It includes the buildings Normandy Garth, Little Normandy and Normandy Farm. |
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In 1051, he married Judith of Flanders the only child of Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders by his second wife, Eleanor of Normandy. |
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William FitzOsbern was the son of Osbern the Steward, a nephew of Duchess Gunnor, the wife of Duke Richard I of Normandy. |
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Through her he inherited a large property in central Normandy, including the honours of Pacy and Breteuil. |
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He attended the King's Whitsun court in May 1068, and then visited Normandy, where he fell ill for some months. |
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Carisbrooke Priory was an alien priory, a dependency of Lyre Abbey in Normandy. |
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Richard de Redvers died on 8 September 1107 and was buried in the Abbey of Montebourg in Normandy, of which he was deemed the founder. |
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A government in exile based in London supported the Allies, sending a small group of volunteers who participated in the Normandy invasion. |
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The Old East Norse dialect was spoken in Denmark, Sweden, settlements in Russia, England, and Danish settlements in Normandy. |
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Longer and more established settlements were formed in Greenland, Iceland, Great Britain and Normandy. |
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The Viking presence in Normandy began with raids into the territory of the Frankish Empire, from the middle of 9th century. |
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The Duchy of Normandy was created for the Viking leader Rollo after he had besieged Paris. |
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As king of England, he retained the fiefdom of Normandy for himself and his descendants. |
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The kings of England made claim to Normandy, as well as their other possessions in France, which led to various disputes with the French. |
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As with the Norse influence in Normandy and the British Isles, Varangian culture did not survive in the East. |
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A delegation of Norman gentry boldly requesting in 1771 the calling of the Normandy estates was despatched prestissimo to the Bastille. |
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They lived on the Atlantic coast in La Rochelle, and spread across provinces of Normandy and Poitou. |
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They retained the Norman customary law and developed it in parallel with continental Normandy and France, albeit with different evolutions. |
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The testimonial concept can also be traced to Normandy before 1066, when a jury of nobles was established to decide land disputes. |
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From there, it spread via the Pays de Bray on the boundary of Normandy and then to the Weald in England. |
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Jean Charles was a prosperous farmer in Hacqueville, Normandy, and Marc was born on the family farm. |
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The Brigade Piron was involved in the Normandy Invasion and the battles in France and the Netherlands until liberation. |
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Beaumont lives on Sark, a small, autonomous island twenty-five miles off the coast of Normandy, with her husband, Michael, the island's seigneur. |
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But the persistence of the camps appearing along the Normandy coast is a sympton of the failure of a wider European asylum policy. |
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A Victorian Normandy Revival, an Arts and Crafts makeover filled with modern touches redone by Greg Parker of Parker West Interiors in Pasadena. |
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Each year in Normandy the French Confrrie des Chevaliers du Gote Boudin holds an annual contest of international blood sausage specialities. |
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They have recorded the bulletin scripts that were read out as the Allied forces landed in Normandy for D-Day, 70 years ago. |
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By comparison, in Normandy, the British were facing ten divisions, six of which were panzers, on a front of only 62 miles. |
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Naval supremacy was also essential to amphibious operations such as the invasions of Northwest Africa, Sicily, Italy, and Normandy. |
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By November 1793, the revolts in Normandy, Bordeaux and Lyon were overcome, in December also that in Toulon. |
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The remnants of the Duchy of Normandy, which conquered England, remain associated to the English Crown as the Channel Islands to this day. |
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Besides the settlements in Ireland, England, and Normandy, further settlement took place in what became Russia and in Iceland. |
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The conquest of England in 1066 by William, Duke of Normandy, was crucial in terms of both political and social change. |
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This has resulted in a landscape similar to that found in Normandy known as bocage. |
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John summoned his earls, barons, and military advisers to the town to plan an invasion of Normandy. |
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In 1416, a number of French ships blockaded Portsmouth, which housed ships that were set to invade Normandy. |
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In Normandy, which had been settled by Vikings, the Viking ship became an uncontroversial regional symbol. |
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Norman is spoken in mainland Normandy in France where it has no official status, but is classed as a regional language. |
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Gilbert's father was from Thierville in the lordship of Brionne in Normandy, and was either a small landowner or a petty knight. |
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The limestone used was imported from Caen in Normandy, and Purbeck marble was used for the shafting. |
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In 1215, after the loss of Normandy, King John signed the Magna Carta into law, which limited the power of English monarchs. |
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Furthermore, the customary law on the Islands was the same as in Normandy until the French revolution. |
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Calvados, from Normandy, and Lambig from Brittany are a spirits made of cider through a process called double distillation. |
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From 1831 until his death, he farmed at Ash, Normandy, a village in Surrey a few miles from his birthplace at Farnham. |
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Normans is the name given to the inhabitants of Normandy, and the region is the homeland of the Norman language. |
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For a century and a half following the Norman conquest of England in 1066, Normandy and England were linked by Norman and Frankish rulers. |
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When Julius Caesar invaded Gaul, there were nine different Celtic tribes living in Normandy. |
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