| Should popes, who rule for life, retire if they become ill instead of dying in office? |
| Whether forced or voluntary, Roman emperors, kings and queens, hereditary princes and grand dukes and, yes, even popes have abdicated. |
| Initially he did indeed offer some respite from the repressiveness of the two preceding popes. |
| In 418, competing camps elected their own popes, Eulalius, an archdeacon, and Boniface I, a priest. |
| This led church councils to impose their collective authority over unacceptable and schismatic popes. |
| It is the purpose of this short essay to explain the confusing array of names of popes and antipopes during this time. |
