| We know that the troubadour's songs were monophonic, and the monophony of the genre sounds somber to a modern ear, even while the text is ribald or full of jouissance. |
| Central to all music from Syria and Arab countries are monophony and heterophony, vocal flourishes, subtle intonation, rich improvisation, and the Arab scales. |
| From now on, it is stricly forbidden to play more than one note at once, monophony is compulsory. |
| As the plot thickens, so does the music: monophony becomes polyphony. |
| In its vocal sections, Kancheli's debt to medieval monophony is clear, however tempered with modernism. |
