| The gametophyte, again presumably because of demands for water for fertilization, remained relatively small and more or less thallophytic in structure. |
| Oive Tinn, Tonu Meidla, Leho Ainsaar, and Tonu Pani describe a diverse thallophytic algal flora from the new Silurian Lagerstatte in Kalana, Estonia. |
| They found that water in the pond had a dark green color due to the limited oxygen content which led to an excessive presence of thallophytic plants and seaweed. |
| This relationship required water for fertilization, so this group grew close to the ground, often preserving the thallophytic structure. |
