| The ADF, DF-GLS and NP test the null of unit root whereas the KPSS tests the null of stationarity. |
| The composition stationarity test using the hymenopteran data was designed in a similar way, using just the 16S gene. |
| Each variable also displays 1 behavior since first-differencing of level data restores stationarity, as shown above. |
| The logic for requiring stationarity is that models inferred from stationary series are also stationary or stable. |
| A stationarity requirement, defined as a constant mean, variance and autocorrelation through time, constrains parameters to a certain range. |
| The analysis begins by investigating the order of integration of the respective variables using a battery of unit root and stationarity tests. |
