| Urbantschitsch has provided detailed measurements of the malleus, incus and the stapes. |
| Even with these changes, we still have concerns that the position and extent of the stapes is inconsistent between the two views of Ichthyostega. |
| Mr Bell removed the stapes, and attached to the end of the incus a style of hay about an inch in length. |
| The stapes terminates at a well-defined fenestra ovalis, suggesting that the stapes was specialized for hearing. |
| Mammals have three, the stapes, the malleus, and incus, the last two being the old reptilian jaw joint still conserved deep within our ear. |
| A perilymph fistula will frequently accompany injuries to the stapes such as subluxation or fracture. |
