| A single mat of protonemata may develop several gametophore shoots, resulting in a clump of moss. |
| Massed moss protonemata typically look like a thin green felt, and may grow on damp soil, tree bark, rocks, concrete, or almost any other reasonably stable surface. |
| The remaining plates were then exposed to continuous white light and the protonemata began planar growth into gametophytes. |
