| In the echidna, anteaters, and pangolins, there are qualitative differences in tongue construction. |
| Like pangolins, aardvarks have a long, protrusile tongue and a gizzard-like stomach. |
| In contrast with the Xenarthra, the Old World Pholidota is not trophically diverse and contains only the myrmecophagous pangolins, or scaly anteaters. |
| Alternatively they may climb trees in search of tree ants, as do the pangolins or scaly anteaters of the genus Manis. |
| Interpreting the extreme similarity in anteaters and pangolins remains problematic due to lingering disagreement among phylogenetic hypotheses. |
| Even if pangolins are the sister group of carnivores, aardwolves are well nested within Carnivora in the family Hyaenidae. |
