| Many people, including health professionals, are less familiar with the nocebo response. |
| In an article recently published in the journal Deutsche Ärzteblatt International, we and our colleague Ernil Hansen reviewed 31 studies, conducted by us and other researchers, that demonstrated the nocebo effect. |
| This may be the underlying mechanism of placebo and nocebo effects of medications and other therapies. |
| The answer to these four questions will determine whether subjectively described symptoms of illness can be ascribed to a collective nocebo effect or whether those responsible are required to face consequences. |
| In the case of the nocebo, it is negative expectations that become self-fulfilling prophecies. |
| The placebo and nocebo effects are widely chronicled in psychology texts and studies. |
