What is a lithosphere?

What is a lithosphere? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (geology) The rigid, mechanically strong, outer layer of the Earth; divided into twelve major plates.
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In plate tectonics, a transform fault is a strike-slip fault extending throughout the lithosphere and joining any two other plate margins.
An alternative to an active mantle thermal anomaly is greater stretching of the mantle lithosphere than the crust.
After new oceanic crust forms, the lithosphere cools and thickens as it moves away from the ocean ridge.
Melts of these metasomites were volatile rich and hence ascended rapidly through the lithosphere, forming the lamprophyre magmas.
Across the ridge, the asymmetric flow pattern in the asthenosphere will cause differential drag at the base of the lithosphere.
Scientists believe that below the lithosphere is a relatively narrow, mobile zone in the mantle called the asthenosphere.

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