| Failure to recognize such aberrant ductal anatomy may lead to potential ligation of ducts during surgery. |
| Past surgical history was also remarkable for endoscopic band ligation of the GI vascular malformations which was unsuccessful. |
| In most centres, surgical ligation is reserved for instances where the ductus remains open despite pharmacological treatment. |
| The haemorrhage is life threatening and surgical ligation or endovascular occlusion of the common carotid is usually required. |
| Patients having greater saphenous incompetence may undergo ligation and division of the greater saphenous vein. |
| Rarely, perineal sepsis occurs as a complication of rubber band ligation of internal hemorrhoids. |
