| Indeed, the struggle over lay investiture lent legitimacy to movements directed against imperial bishops. |
| He also points to them often in the context of simony and occasionally in connection with lay investiture. |
| Ultimately, the issues of ecclesiastical homage and lay investiture forced Anselm into a second exile. |
| There, amid an outcry to address Anselm's situation, Urban renewed bans on lay investiture and on clerics doing homage. |
| He did indeed go into exile rather than abandon his observance of the papal decree of 1099 condemning the lay investiture of clergy with churches and ecclesiastical offices. |
| The council prohibited simony and lay investiture, declaring that no priest or cleric could accept a church from a layman. |
