| The last Mongol khagan was Ligdan in the early 17th century. |
| According to one fringe theory, the Rus' khagan resided somewhere in Scandinavia or even as far west as Walcheren. |
| Zuckerman dismisses Pritsak's theory as untenable speculation, and no record of any Khazar khagan fleeing to find refuge among the Rus' exists in contemporaneous sources. |
| Khagan Kublai dined with a large court every day, and met with many ambassadors and foreign merchants. |
| Kublai's real power was limited to China and Mongolia, though as Khagan he still had influence in the Ilkhanate and, to a significantly lesser degree, in the Golden Horde. |
| The Khitan had their holiest shrine on Mount Muye where portraits of their earliest ancestor Qishou Khagan, his wife Kedun and eight sons were kept in two temples. |
