| Charlemagne accepted their surrender and sent one native chief, baptised Abraham, back to Avaria with the ancient title of khagan. |
| Khagan Kublai dined with a large court every day, and met with many ambassadors and foreign merchants. |
| Despite political disagreement between contending branches of the family over the office of Khagan, the economic and commercial system continued. |
| In sparse contemporaneous sources, the leader or leaders of Rus people at this time were referred to by the Old Turkic title Khagan, hence the suggested name of their polity. |
| According to one fringe theory, the Rus' khagan resided somewhere in Scandinavia or even as far west as Walcheren. |
| The Khitan had their holiest shrine on Mount Muye where portraits of their earliest ancestor Qishou Khagan, his wife Kedun and eight sons were kept in two temples. |
