| A non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination identified two gradients of species replacement distinguished by differences in forest canopy species and groundcover. |
| The third association, with little groundcover, occurs on a relatively steep north-facing slope that is distinguished by canopy chestnut oak and subcanopy striped maple. |
| To add color to a mostly herbal garden, rely on a few shrubs that bloom nearly year-round, such as lavatera and groundcover roses. |
| This five-page factsheet looks at Common nardoo which forms dense swards following flooding, and forms a dominant component of the groundcover layer. |
| Fiveleaf akebia is a vigorous vine that grows as a groundcover and climbs shrubs and trees by twining. |
| According to president Ed Snodgrass, these plants provide maximum groundcover, water retention, erosion resistance, and respirative transpiration of moisture. |
