| Increased bone resorption, increased gastrointestinal absorption of calcium, and decreased renal excretion of calcium cause hypercalcemia. |
| Both medications can cause gastrointestinal effects such as anorexia and nausea. |
| Patients taking tricyclic antidepressants had no increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. |
| Borborygmus can result from excessive intestinal gas or altered gastrointestinal motility. |
| During fasting, or between meals, the gastrointestinal tract is not completely quiescent. |
| A period of starvation is common practice after gastrointestinal surgery during which an intestinal anastomosis has been formed. |
