| The exo-carp is coriaceous, thin, and dull, with glandular dots. Themesocarp is fleshy, whitish turning to yellow at maturity, with a granulose texture and astringent taste. |
| In structure they are coriaceous, and include plants both with broad and narrow, branched and unbranched fronds. |
| They usually consist of a fleshy or fibrous mesocarp, and a bony, woody, coriaceous, chartaceous or papyraceous endocarp. |
| The fourth glume is membranous when young, but later on it becomes thick, coriaceous and rugose at the surface. |
| The first glume is rigidly coriaceous, gradually narrowed from a villous base to an erect scabrid awn, 1-nerved. |
| Leaves were exstipulate, coriaceous, and hypostomatous, and typically had wavy, glandular margins. |
