| The rate constants of protonation of these reactants had been measured previously by manual analysis and their pK values are directly measured. |
| The open time constants are invariant to ligand concentrations, suggesting that ligand binds exclusively to the closed channel. |
| The spring constants had a small amount of heterogeneity, and the entire network was prestressed. |
| Bond distances, angles, and dihedrals, as well as the force constants, were taken for analogy with amino acids having similar functional groups. |
| The constants used were the mean values for H and J calculated from each set of field observations. |
| Dielectric constants of polar solvents are dominated by reorientation of their permanent dipoles. |
