| These nutrients enter the seed through a single vascular bundle in the funiculus that extends into the seed coat as the chalazal vein and its two lateral branches. |
| The stalk is usually longer, the chalazal scar larger and often oval in outline, and the grooves on the back of the pip parallel to each other. |
| Nevertheless there are curious points to be investigated in the earlier stages of development, such as the vascular supply and the chalazal lobings. |
| Note the chalazal vascular bundle that encircles about three-quarters of the seed and the two short side branches that contain phloem only. |
| In addition, a strong staining was observed in maternal chalazal tissue shortly after fertilization, and persisted throughout seed development. |
| No changes in the staining of chalazal cell walls were detected at the end of grain filling. |
