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What does betaine mean?

Looking for the meaning or definition of the word betaine? Here's what it means.

Noun
  1. (organic chemistry) A sweet, crystalline compound (not an alkaloid), trimethylammoniumacetate, found in sugar beet and similar plants, sometimes used to treat muscular degeneracy; the zwitterion (CH3)3N+CH2COO-
  2. (organic chemistry) Any derivative of this compound.
  3. (organic chemistry) Any similar compound, based on sulfur or phosphorus etc, having an onium ion with no hydrogen atom adjacent to the anionic atom.
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Examples
Rawles is investigating ways to increase the combination's palatability by adding fish solubles, betaine, or other ingredients.
How about betaine hydrochloride, 600 mg, one tablet with each meal?
Choline dehydrogenase of E. coli catalyses the first step in the synthesis of betaine, the oxidation of choline.
And while GPC does counteract urea, there is yet no consistent evidence that is a better stabilizer than betaine.
In the Duke experiments, pregnant mice that received dietary supplements with vitamin B12, folic acid, choline and betaine gave birth to babies predominantly with brown coats.
This high activity is mainly attributable to the use of 1 M of betaine as a stabilizing cosolute in all preparation and assay media.

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