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What does betaine mean?

Looking for the meaning or definition of the word betaine? Here's what it means.

Noun
  1. (organic chemistry) A sweet, crystalline compound (not an alkaloid), trimethylammoniumacetate, found in sugar beet and similar plants, sometimes used to treat muscular degeneracy; the zwitterion (CH3)3N+CH2COO-
  2. (organic chemistry) Any derivative of this compound.
  3. (organic chemistry) Any similar compound, based on sulfur or phosphorus etc, having an onium ion with no hydrogen atom adjacent to the anionic atom.
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And while GPC does counteract urea, there is yet no consistent evidence that is a better stabilizer than betaine.
The supplements also included betaine, which can help bypass any enzyme defect.
Adding DMSO or betaine, or using higher reaction temperatures, did not improve sequencing quality.
How about betaine hydrochloride, 600 mg, one tablet with each meal?
Extracted from the sugar beet, betaine can lower serum cholesterol and increase serum phospholipids to fight atherosclerosis.
High levels of betaine are found in shellfish, spinach, wheat germ and mushrooms.

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