| Rawles is investigating ways to increase the combination's palatability by adding fish solubles, betaine, or other ingredients. |
| Extracted from the sugar beet, betaine can lower serum cholesterol and increase serum phospholipids to fight atherosclerosis. |
| Choline dehydrogenase of E. coli catalyses the first step in the synthesis of betaine, the oxidation of choline. |
| High levels of betaine are found in shellfish, spinach, wheat germ and mushrooms. |
| These experiments provided the first example of genetically engineered plants with the ability to synthesize betaine at appreciable levels. |
| The supplements also included betaine, which can help bypass any enzyme defect. |
