| Through the crura pass the splanchnic nerves, and in addition to these the left crus is pierced by the vena azygos minor. |
| The thoracic duct is located slightly ventral and medial to the azygos vein. |
| A persistent left superior vena cava may be associated with the presence of two azygos veins. |
| When this occurs the posterior intercostal veins on the left side of the thorax may drain into the azygos vein independently. |
| The thoracic duct has also been found draining into the azygos vein and the inferior vena cava. |
| I read that problems with the azygos veins are difficult to see without a venogram. |
