| Influence of four herbicides on carpogenic germination and apothecium development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. |
| Nylander called the apothecium pale within, but forms with red-brown hypothecia are admitted by later writers. |
| Piece of thallus of Parmelia conspersa, with section through an apothecium. |
| Cyclocarpineae, apothecium usually circular, no capillitium. |
| In the Helvellaceae there is no apothecium but a large irregular fruit body which at maturity bears the asci on its surface. |
