“In the 1930s, the Court used Ex parte Young to guard against regulatory state statutes which imposed heavy fines that were not redressible by eventual suit in federal court.”

“This is usually understood as meaning injustice, hardship which should not have arisen, something that is wider than legally redressable damage.”

“Despite this, the Court sometimes finds that whites have standing to challenge affirmative action programs without similar evidence of a redressable injury.”

“When, if ever, could a private party colorably allege a redressable injury-in-fact to challenge special interest spending that benefitted someone else?”

“Amendments 27 and 54 part are incorporated in the new Article 9, which establishes a preference for the imposition of redressive duties.”

“Third, the Council endorsed the European Parliament's suggestion that redressive measures should preferably take the form of duties.”

“It is necessary to define the redressive measures to be taken against such unfair practices.”