The inorganic compound phosphine is very similar to ammonia in its substitution reactions. |
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This package contains a number of substitution models for nucleotides and RNA base pairs. |
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Gold occurs primarily as the native metal, but it almost always has some silver admixed by atomic substitution. |
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Zhu Ke, the writer, said the substitution of the lash for crueler corporal punishments revealed a forward movement of civilization. |
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Halogenation occurs readily with aniline by electrophilic aromatic substitution. |
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In aliphatic chemistry this is carried out as a substitution of a hydrogen atom in a group. |
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But they had to live on their nerves at times in the second half after a double half-time substitution gave Charlton a shot in the arm. |
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It illustrates how our society is unravelling, through the substitution of irrational feelings for demonstrable facts. |
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It is too late for crop substitution with this one because they are about to harvest it. |
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In an act of substitution he replaces barren dryness with his fertile fluidity. |
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At the same time, he raises the issue of substitution and exchange in a social and economic sphere. |
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The adoption of class and therapeutic substitution are customer responses to poor perceived value. |
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The substitution of an allegedly objective, measurable indicator can be appealing. |
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Think of what the country could have been spared had that substitution not taken place. |
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The substitution of one person for another ranges from the literal to the abstract. |
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If substitution is called for, then we should face up to that, and not pretend that we are delivering the original thing. |
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This substitution has recently been implicated in plumage variation in a wild population of bananaquits. |
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In some classical accounts of atonement, this incorporative power is discussed in terms of an exchange or substitution. |
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This model should prove useful for estimating divergence times when substitution rates vary across lineages. |
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Next, all divergence times and substitution rates were found by maximum likelihood. |
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By application of substitution weighing some systematic errors of the beam balance are omitted. |
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He argues that this disjuncture comes from time's infinite capacity for substitution. |
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Longford manager Alan Matthews made a double substitution at the half time break introducing Vinny Perth and Eric Lavine. |
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The essential feature of war communism was the substitution of compulsion for the workings of the market mechanism. |
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The yield rate of paddy is low but our objective is to show that double cropping can be done and also contribute towards import substitution. |
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The principle is to consider the field of rivalry in terms of the potential for substitution in the long term. |
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A jar of dried basil or even a basil plant would be a more appropriate substitution than coriander. |
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This single amino acid substitution has already been shown to confer such insensitivity in the monarch butterfly. |
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His substitution prompted a wail of anguish from the midfielder and tears to sting his eyes. |
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The procedure involved the extraction of the lower jaw and its substitution by a bone transplant from the fibula of the patient. |
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However, that substitution was no reflection on the efforts of Preston who had been having a steady game. |
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Sounds of Steel, a steel band from Hampshire, were a late substitution for a steel band from Bristol. |
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There is no other member of the club who can currently replace him, and that showed after his substitution. |
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The Attorney General opposed the motion for substitution on procedural grounds. |
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Mutations of aspartates and glutamates were done by substitution of the carboxyl group by the amide group. |
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Those who do not speak an Indian language may not be blamed for this arbitrary vowel substitution. |
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We are fast abandoning our cultural and religious values in substitution for western ideals. |
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He rejects penal substitution because he thinks that God is love, and a loving God would never seek retribution. |
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A quantitative description of the substitution chemistry of minerals and salts, requires a more precise definition of the term solubility. |
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The game is played in the deep end of the pool over seven minute quarters with substitution allowed throughout the game. |
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In aromatic compounds the substitution may be of one of the hydrogens on the ring structure itself. |
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The substitution of tryptophan residues, therefore, does not affect actin self-assembly into filaments. |
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Furthermore, the substitution reactions resulted in small bathochromic shifts in the absorption spectra. |
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These models directly infer phylogeny by using only the substitution distances of the scalar. |
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The most common substitution muscles are the biceps, triceps, deltoid and neck muscles. |
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Methadone is the substance most frequently prescribed in substitution treatment. |
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There's also a pretty good chance that we could have a last minute substitution for the cranberry relish. |
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There are a number of difficulties, however, that hinder a fair appraisal of the empirical evidence for symptom substitution. |
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Perhaps, to answer the riddle posed by the Palace substitution script, we should take a similar path. |
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In this electrophilic aromatic substitution, the first electrophile is the Lewis acid that accepts the halogen from an alkyl halide. |
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The substitution was delayed by the fourth official's inability to operate the electronic board throughout the match. |
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I questioned the substitution of Pepsi for red wine in a formulation of coq au vin. |
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The antimicrobial effect of iodophors occurs by cell wall penetration and oxidation with the substitution of iodine for cell contents. |
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If this is unavailable to you, my best substitution guess would be half thick yogurt and half cottage cheese. |
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Lewes made a double substitution and this injected the home side with more purpose. |
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The most common type of substitution reactions of compounds of metals is ion exchange accompanied by precipitation. |
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The most common substitution reactions of compounds of non-metallic elements are nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution. |
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The wilful Welshman was quick to test his new manager, reacting to that substitution at The Valley with a stream of invective. |
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In particular, there are grounds for serious concern surrounding the technique of nucleus substitution. |
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Please notify this office of any instance of misdeclaration or substitution discovered during accomplishment of the seizure. |
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Crop substitution and improved market access are essential in the next few years. |
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Artistic authorship itself, which emerged in the early fifteenth century as a purely performative mode, later learned to manipulate substitution. |
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We didn't even notice, but a Military Policeman discovered the substitution and cross-examined us. |
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He studies Turing machines and grammar-driven systems where substitution rules allow a string of symbols to grow and change. |
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Generally, the analysis of substitution rates in multicopy genes requires careful handling of orthology and paralogy. |
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There are concerns about bench-marking and substitution and a whole lot of issues. |
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I found it plodding, uninteresting, and, with the substitution of repetition for analysis, rather less informative than might be expected. |
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He, however, says that this substitution, along with many others, characterizes synecdoche. |
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Also helpful for operators in hot climates is the substitution of hydraulic oil for normal formula. |
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The final step involved a nucleophilic substitution of the 2-chloro group by piperazine at high temperatures. |
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High GC may cause elevated substitution rates, e.g., by a higher incidence of hypermutable CpG sites. |
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Methane can also be halogenated by free radical substitution. |
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Torquay made a substitution at half-time and changed their formation as Neil Prince was withdrawn and Marcus Richardson was sent on to join Howard Forinton in attack. |
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I suspect that the band Phish may have been inspired to use the same f to ph substitution by the same analogy, but I haven't been able to confirm this. |
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The substitution of a clear word for euphemistic jargon is found in all forms of manufactured communication, but is perhaps most often used by the military. |
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When we studied all the patterns of amino-acid replacement and silent substitution, we discovered several replacements that all placental and marsupial mammals share. |
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The substitution of an effect for a cause is an old technique and trick of classical sophistry. |
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The Prize is nontransferable and no substitution of the Prize by the Grand Prize Winner is allowed. |
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Yet here is the great problem with Murray's substitution of imagery for numbers in his social thought. |
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Leaving behind the theme of cellular automata, he studies Turing machines and grammar-driven systems where substitution rules allow a string of symbols to grow and change. |
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Most of the time I can convert such material into language, by carefully deploying punctuation of my own, along with the substitution and insertion of minor words. |
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We conclude that selenium substitution may improve the inflammatory activity in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, especially in those with high activity. |
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Under rigorous conditions benzene will undergo substitution for one of its hydrogen substituents, by a process called electrophilic aromatic substitution. |
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This development was perhaps posterior to the substitution of the pronominal ending in the oxytone neuter o-stems because the latter did not affect the u-stems. |
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Moreover, the level of amino acid sequence divergence between homologous proteins is relatively low, allowing us to gauge the patterns of amino acid substitution. |
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Neither substitution nor transposition works well by itself. |
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And the daring of outright substitution ups the complexity quotient. |
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Preferences over probability gambles are rational, that is, satisfy the substitution and continuity conditions, if and only if they have the expected utility property. |
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The parameters used in the parametric bootstrap simulations were the phylogenetic tree generated from the aligned protein sequences and a residue substitution matrix. |
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The fastigium was altered in the early eighteenth century by the substitution of panels of ornamental motifs for porphyry panels in the smaller squares. |
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The composition rule which for derivatives is called the chain rule will be called substitution when we are computing indefinite integrals of the composition of two functions. |
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The anchor man's propensity to select the correct pass at all times once more saw him stand out as the pick of City's trialists before his half-time substitution. |
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We have seen how modern industry always tends to the substitution of the simpler and more subordinate employments for the higher and more complex ones. |
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Thus, what alarms him is the dehumanization, disembodiment and moral anaesthetization that is now, he believes, accompanying the substitution of virtuality for reality. |
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For the estimation of cellulase activity, carboxymethyl cellulose with a degree of substitution of 0.4 was used as a substrate in viscometric assays. |
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The error bar at bottom corresponds to 1.0 substitution per site. |
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Consequently, the move toward organised generic, class and therapeutic substitution is a signal that imitative R and D will be less rewarding in the future. |
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The high degree of iodine substitution in this aromatic molecule facilitates intersystem crossing, and rose bengal exhibits significant phosphorescence. |
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There was also some substitution from upper class to upper middle class and a small increase in lower middle class and working class representation. |
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He made the type of telling substitution that he has employed to effect. |
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The blue-green color of amazonite results from the contamination and substitution of trace to minor amounts of lead and water in the crystal lattice. |
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You can set your clock by the substitution of the tight-head prop forward. |
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Verbal paraphasia is the substitution of a word with a related meaning, such as rake for shovel. |
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Solvolysis is a special type of nucleophilic substitution where the nucleophile is a solvent molecule, such as alcohols and water. |
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Polymerizable derivatives are formed by nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution reactions. |
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The branched polystyrene is produced by a nucleophilic substitution reaction of active methylene groups with bonded electron-attracting groups. |
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The waste streams also often contain combustible materials which allow the substitution of part of the fossil fuel normally used in the process. |
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In this way or by substitution for the cementitious and aggregate phases, the finished product can be tailored to its application. |
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Like phenols, aniline derivatives are highly susceptible to electrophilic substitution reactions. |
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It was written in a code of her own devising which was a simple letter for letter substitution. |
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An eggcorn is the substitution of a word or phrase for words that sound similar.Can you put together a list of the eggcorns in this column? |
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Alkenes in general are known to undergo addition reactions at lower temperatures and allylic substitution at higher temperatures. |
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However, modification of PAEK properties by the electrophilic aromatic substitution polycondensation has received less attention to date. |
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The method of resin application was renormalized by the equipment substitution, which also generated input savings. |
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Reduced incidence of side-effects of growth hormone substitution in 404 patients with hypophyseal insufficiency. |
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Cation exchange capacity of soil free of organic matter can arise from either pH-dependent charge or isomorphous substitution. |
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This theory, known as import substitution industrialization, is largely considered ineffective for currently developing nations. |
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On the other hand, the reaction mechanism of para substitution would depend on the formation of an activated complex from the quinoid form. |
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It is conceptually fairly easy to deduct the adjustments made for substitution and hedonics. |
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At the consumption level, it led to the substitution of GDR money with time, barter, and hard-currencies. |
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Polycondensation proceeds by a reversible nucleophilic substitution reaction of a diamine and a dianhydride, in a polar aprotic solvent. |
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Discipline aims at the removal of bad habits and the substitution of good ones, especially those of order, regularity, and obedience. |
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The soccer coach made a like-for-like substitution, replacing the injured defender with another defensive player. |
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On the other hand, no fragment for the known phloroglucin exclusion is detected, arguing for a substitution of the A-ring. |
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Primary alkyl halides react with aqueous NaOH or KOH mainly to primary alcohols in nucleophilic aliphatic substitution. |
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The OH group is not a good leaving group in nucleophilic substitution reactions, so neutral alcohols do not react in such reactions. |
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The defect was a substitution in a single DNA unit, or base, in a mitochondrial gene that coded for a transfer RNA molecule. |
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Can you put together a list of the eggcorns in this column? An eggcorn is the substitution of a word or phrase for words that sound similar. |
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A further two types of substitution are less common but potentially have more serious effects than missense mutations. |
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In fact the co-condensation proceeds as electrophilic substitution by carbocation, sources of which can be MCL or ether, or both. |
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Economic adulteration is a no-no as well as contamination or species substitution, Billy said. |
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In the case of an insurance policy, the right of substitution may be viewed as an impermissible retention of rights under the policy for Sec. |
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The K86R substitution results in the change in the basicity of the residue. |
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No prize transfer, assignment, or substitution by Winner is permitted. |
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Specifically, neoclassicists construct cardinal representations of utility through the use of marginal rates of substitution between goods. |
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The clearing bank has a lien on the dealer's collateral structured as a repo with broad flexibility for collateral substitution. |
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We find that isoelectronic substitution with nonmagnetic ions significantly reduces the interkagome exchange coupling. |
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The MTHFR 677 C to T substitution converts alanine to a valine residue, resulting in a thermolabile enzyme. |
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After his substitution, Beckham was visibly shaken and emotional for not being able to play, being in tears at one point. |
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Again, these would be considered tools that are being used for their unintended purposes, substitution as makeshift. |
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It was found that radical substitution reactions could become significant, and, in some cases, were the only reaction observed. |
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The formation, decomposition and substitution reactions of the unusual organometallic penta chromium complexes also are being investigated. |
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In heterodox economics, there are limits to substitution at the theoretical level, with preferences generally seen as being lexicographic. |
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Nutritional plasticity of the predatory ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis comparison between natural and substitution prey. |
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Noun phrases can be identified by the possibility of pronoun substitution, as is illustrated in the examples below. |
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It is an aromatic substance and undergoes substitution reactions rather than addition reactions on the cyclopentadienyl ligands. |
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In some cases, substitution of more abundant materials, such as plastics for cast metals, lowered growth of usage for some metals. |
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The substitution of lysine for asparagine at position 54 maintains the positive charge of the residue and is of unknown functional significance. |
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It is really a corruption of, or perhaps rather a substitution for, the Hebrew letter, which is the initial of the ineffable name. |
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Among these reactive groups, the chloromethyl one is especially useful, because it can be readily modified by a substitution reaction with various nucleophilic reactants. |
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As a result, precursor substitution reactions are often utilized to increase the length of these substituents in attempt to tailor the reaction kinetics. |
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Summaries of the present views of bonding, of ligand substitution reactions and of polyhedral rearrangements update earlier reviews by these authors. |
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Blackburn made their third and final substitution with 25 minutes remaining, with Brett Emerton coming on for Dunn as they looked for ways to stem the Newcastle tide. |
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The major difference is that 3 utilized a chiral side group that contained 12 stereogenic centers that underwent multiple substitution reactions as it was being prepared. |
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The script itself contains variable and command substitution, the read command, and a while loop to get everything done in less than 10 lines of executable code! |
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In some handwritings of the seventh or eighth century, where the letters have a round form, the substitution of OT for EG would be far from difficult. |
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During the Second Industrial Revolution, a major factor of productivity growth was the substitution of inanimate power for human and animal labor. |
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PhenoFluor, a deoxyfluorinating reagent, provides straightforward access to a wide variety of aryl fluorides from phenols in a one-step, high-yield ipso substitution reaction. |
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The predicted precursor substitution reaction is shown in Fig. |
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Common reasons for a substitution include injury, tiredness, ineffectiveness, a tactical switch, or timewasting at the end of a finely poised game. |
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In the past, most changes in the genetic material were considered neutral or close to neutral because they occurred in noncoding DNA or resulted in a synonymous substitution. |
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Switching off magnetism by atomic substitution and ensuring that the electronic structure becomes two-dimensional is sufficient for topologicality to arise in such a system. |
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Cables made their final substitution Bonetta replacing Fargin. |
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