Until Haiti, abolitionists focused on either gradual emancipation, or simply ending the slave trade, not slavery itself. |
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The slave code adopted in 1798 and modified from time to time presented in considerable detail the legal aspects of slavery in the state. |
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Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which made ending slavery a war goal. |
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It was not until 1837, however, that the state's first legislature passed a comprehensive slave code to regulate slaves, slavery, and free blacks. |
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Every slave state had its own slave code and body of court decisions. These codes made slavery permanent in these states. |
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Although outlawed in all countries today, slavery is practiced in secret in many parts of the world. |
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They could await payment, sell the murderer into slavery, or kill the murderer. |
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He is to confine himself to the compass of numbers and the slavery of rhyme. |
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Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery, none but ourselves can free our minds. |
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The spirit of slavery raves under tormenting gnawings, and casts about in blind phrenzy for something to ease, or even to mock them. |
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The exact origins of slavery are not known, as it was a common practice in medieval Europe. |
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The pair ultimately quarreled because Hunt believed in slavery and Crawfurd did not. |
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Montesquieu was somewhat ahead of his time in advocating major reform of slavery in The Spirit of the Laws. |
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As part of his advocacy he presented a satirical hypothetical list of arguments for slavery, which has been open to contextomy. |
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Cobb, to enforce the idea that Negroes had been created inferior, and thus suited to slavery. |
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In the United States, scientific racism justified Black African slavery to assuage moral opposition to the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Two outgrowths of this imperial agenda were slavery and indentured servitude. |
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African slavery had existed long before Europeans discovered it as an exploitable means of creating an inexpensive labour force for the colonies. |
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Following the Scramble for Africa, an early but secondary focus for most colonial regimes was the suppression of slavery and the slave trade. |
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It was on Madeira that the early system of Iberian slavery was transformed. |
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Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalised, de jure slavery. |
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However, and especially under slavery in broader senses of the word, slaves may have some rights and protections according to laws or customs. |
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Although it dominated many societies in the past, this form of slavery has been formally abolished and is very rare today. |
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This may also include institutions not commonly classified as slavery, such as serfdom, conscription and penal labour. |
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For example, Child slavery has commonly been used in the production of cash crops and mining. |
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Though slavery was officially abolished in Qing China in 1910, the practice continues unofficially in some regions of the country. |
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An article in the Middle East Quarterly in 1999 reported that slavery is endemic in Sudan. |
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Many pygmies in the Republic of Congo and Democratic Republic of Congo belong from birth to Bantus in a system of slavery. |
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Evidence of slavery predates written records, and has existed in many cultures. |
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In the earliest known records, slavery is treated as an established institution. |
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In 1640 a Virginia court sentenced John Punch to slavery, forcing him to serve his master, Hugh Gwyn, for the remainder of his life. |
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It was put to use in the Atlantic slave trade, making at least two voyages carrying Africans to slavery in the West Indies. |
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The transformation from indentured servitude to slavery was a gradual process in Virginia. |
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In the West Indies in particular, but also in North and South America, slavery was the engine that drove the mercantile empires of Europe. |
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As long as slavery expanded, it remained profitable and powerful and was unlikely to disappear. |
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The Qin dynasty, which ruled China from 221 to 206 BC, abolished slavery and discouraged serfdom. |
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This judgement also laid down the principle that slavery contracted in other jurisdictions could not be enforced in England. |
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In 1777, Vermont, at the time an independent nation, became the first portion of what would become the United States to abolish slavery. |
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None of the Southern or border states abolished slavery before the American Civil War. |
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In 1905, the French abolished indigenous slavery in most of French West Africa. |
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Worldwide slavery is a criminal offense but slave owners can get very high returns for their risk. |
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On May 21, 2001, the National Assembly of France passed the Taubira law, recognizing slavery as a crime against humanity. |
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Indeed, as already mentioned in this article, slavery persists in several areas of West Africa until the present day. |
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The issue of an apology is linked to reparations for slavery and is still being pursued by a number of entities across the world. |
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On February 25, 2007, the Commonwealth of Virginia resolved to 'profoundly regret' and apologize for its role in the institution of slavery. |
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Claims for reparations for being held in slavery are handled as a civil law matter in almost every country. |
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The word slavery is often used as a pejorative to describe any activity in which one is coerced into performing. |
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Some Antipsychiatry proponents apply the term slavery to the involuntary psychiatric patient. |
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Some socialists, view total and immediate wage dependence as a form of slavery. |
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Socialists draw parallels between the trade of labour as a commodity and slavery. |
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Film has been the most influential medium in the presentation of the history of slavery to the general public around the world. |
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The American film industry has had a complex relationship with slavery and until recent decades often avoided the topic. |
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The men of military age were massacred and the women and children sold into slavery. |
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As in Tyre, men of military age were put to the sword and the women and children were sold into slavery. |
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In 1981 slavery was formally legally abolished by a specific law, making Mauritania the last country in the world to do so. |
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In 1905, the French colonial administration declared an end of slavery in Mauritania, with very little success. |
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No cases have been successfully prosecuted under the antislavery law despite the fact that 'de facto' slavery exists in Mauritania. |
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The Government ranks 121 of 167 on its response to combating all forms of modern slavery. |
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The Mongols practiced debt slavery, and by 1290 in all parts of the Mongol Empire commoners were selling their children into slavery. |
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In the story of Genesis, Joseph was sold into slavery by his brothers to spice merchants. |
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The Italian colonial administration abolished slavery in Somalia at the turn of the 20th century. |
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The Pontificate of Nicholas saw the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks, and decrees which effectively sanctioned slavery. |
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The end of slavery in the 19th century led to economic decline and emigration. |
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Although Portugal officially abolished slavery in 1876, the practice of forced paid labour continued. |
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Although the Spanish never colonised The Bahamas, they shipped the native Lucayans to slavery in Hispaniola. |
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They had low birth rates, and there is evidence that some women aborted fetuses rather than give birth to children within the bonds of slavery. |
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To build an alliance with the gens de couleur and slaves, the French commissioners Sonthonax and Polverel abolished slavery in the colony. |
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Boyer ruled the entire island with iron rule, ending slavery in Santo Domingo. |
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The abolition of slavery had important impacts on Mauritius' society, economy and population. |
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Inspired by the French Revolution, leaders proposed a society without slavery, food prices would be lowered, and trade restriction abolished. |
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Some came as free blacks, but vast majority came because of the introduction of African slavery. |
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With Mexican and Central American independence, the caste system and slavery were theoretically abolished. |
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He may have resorted to cannibalism before submitting to slavery in order to secure passage out of the swampy Java shore. |
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In 1619, the first Africans arrived, though the concept of racially based slavery did not evolve for several decades. |
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It fostered disease, slavery, and exploitation on a scale never before imaged. |
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During the American slavery period, cotton root bark was used in folk remedies as an abortifacient, that is, to induce a miscarriage. |
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The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day. |
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However the social, economic, and legal positions of slaves were vastly different in different systems of slavery in different times and places. |
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Mass slavery requires economic surpluses and a high population density to be viable. |
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French historian Fernand Braudel noted that slavery was endemic in Africa and part of the structure of everyday life. |
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The personal monarchy of Belgian King Leopold II in the Congo Free State saw mass killings and slavery to extract rubber. |
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The Paraguayan War contributed to ending slavery, since many slaves enlisted in exchange for freedom. |
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Queen Anne of Great Britain also allowed her North American colonies like Virginia to make laws that promoted black slavery. |
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After Great Britain abolished slavery, it began to pressure other nations to do the same. |
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Historians are undecided if the legal practice of slavery began there, since at least some of them had the status of indentured servant. |
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Eventually, chattel slavery became the norm in regions dominated by plantations. |
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Refugees from slavery fled the South across the Ohio River to the North via the Underground Railroad. |
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Basically a majority of Northern voters were committed to stopping the expansion of slavery, which they believed would ultimately end slavery. |
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They formed the Confederate States of America, based on the promise of maintaining slavery. |
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However, by 1865 all had begun the abolition of slavery, except Kentucky and Delaware. |
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Even after several measures to ban slavery in the late 19th century, the practice continued largely unfazed into the early 20th century. |
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Slavery has existed all throughout Asia, and forms of slavery still exist today. |
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Scholars differ as to whether or not slaves and the institution of slavery existed in ancient India. |
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Ancient historians who visited India offer the closest linguistic equivalence in Indian society and slavery in other ancient civilizations. |
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Most ancient writers considered slavery not only natural but necessary, but some isolated debate began to appear, notably in Socratic dialogues. |
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Romans inherited the institution of slavery from the Greeks and the Phoenicians. |
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The people subjected to Roman slavery came from all over Europe and the Mediterranean. |
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Running away was also common and slavery was never a major economic factor in the British Isles during the Middle Ages. |
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After the Norman Conquest, the law no longer supported chattel slavery and slaves became part of the larger body of serfs. |
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From the 1440s into the 18th century, Europeans from Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, and England were sold into slavery by North Africans. |
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The Mongol invasions and conquests in the 13th century also resulted in taking numerous captives into slavery. |
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The problem of the justness of Native American's slavery was a key issue for the Spanish Crown. |
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To that end, on 25 November 1542, the Emperor abolished slavery by decree in his Leyes Nuevas New Laws. |
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Although slavery was illegal inside the Netherlands it flourished throughout the Dutch Empire in the Americas, Africa, Ceylon and Indonesia. |
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Around the year 1500, slavery had virtually died out in Western Europe, but was a normal phenomenon practically everywhere else. |
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However, the powers took care to minimize the presence of slavery in their homelands. |
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European colonial rule and diplomatic pressure slowly put an end to the trade, and eventually to the practice of slavery itself. |
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A similar case, that of Joseph Knight, took place in Scotland five years later and ruled slavery to be contrary to the law of Scotland. |
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The Slavery Abolition Act, passed on 1 August 1833, outlawed slavery itself throughout the British Empire, with the exception of India. |
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He also wrote the decree of 27 April 1848 in which the French government announced that slavery was abolished in all of its colonies. |
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In 1688, four German Quakers in Germantown presented a protest against the institution of slavery to their local Quaker Meeting. |
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Many more people who opposed slavery and worked for abolition were northern whites, such as William Lloyd Garrison and John Brown. |
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While abolitionists agreed on the evils of slavery, there were differing opinions on what should happen after African Americans were freed. |
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The 1926 Slavery Convention, an initiative of the League of Nations, was a turning point in banning global slavery. |
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Article 4 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948 by the UN General Assembly, explicitly banned slavery. |
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The history of slavery originally was the history of the government's laws and policies toward slavery, and the political debates about it. |
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One of the most controversial aspects of the British Empire is its role in first promoting and then ending slavery. |
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Meanwhile, British investors turned to Asia, where labor was so plentiful that slavery was unnecessary. |
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Williams went on to argue that slavery played a major role in making Britain prosperous. |
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That is, indigenous elites inside West and Central Africa made large and growing profits from slavery, thus increasing their wealth and power. |
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Systems of servitude and slavery were common in parts of Africa, as they were in much of the ancient world. |
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Chattel slavery is a specific servitude relationship where the slave is treated as the property of the owner. |
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Pawnship, or debt bondage slavery, involves the use of people as collateral to secure the repayment of debt. |
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Like most other regions of the world, slavery and forced labor existed in many kingdoms and societies of Africa for thousands of years. |
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A binary racial system had been in place since slavery times and the days of racial segregation. |
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Upon slavery Mr Robins remarked that it was not what people in England thought it to be. |
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Each of these processes significantly changed the forms, level, and economics of slavery in Africa. |
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Eighteenth century writers in Europe claimed that slavery in Africa was quite brutal in order to justify the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Later writers used similar arguments to justify intervention and eventual colonization by European powers to end slavery in Africa. |
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For example, even when slavery was deemed illegal, colonial authorities would return escaped slaves to their masters. |
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Efforts by Europeans against slavery and the slave trade began in the late 18th century and had a large impact on slavery in Africa. |
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The Southern Democrats endorsed slavery, while the Republicans denounced it. |
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The extent of slavery within Africa and the trade in slaves to other regions is not known precisely. |
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Fage asserts that slavery did not have a wholly disastrous effect on the societies of Africa. |
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While planning the abolition of slavery, the British Parliament passed laws to improve conditions for slaves. |
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For instance, northern Nigeria did not outlaw slavery until 1936 whilst in other parts of Nigeria slavery was abolished soon after colonialism. |
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The status of indentured servants in early Virginia and Maryland was similar to slavery. |
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In 2013, CARICOM called for European nations to pay reparations for slavery and established an official reparations commission. |
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However, the end of slavery did little to change the former slaves' working conditions if they stayed at their trade. |
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Belize Creole English or Kriol developed during the time of slavery, and historically was only spoken by former slaves. |
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The Evangelicals in the Clapham Sect included figures such as William Wilberforce who successfully campaigned for the abolition of slavery. |
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The empire dissolved into petty polities, fighting among each other for war captives to sell into slavery. |
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During the Revolution, the British tried to turn slavery against the Americans. |
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After slavery was abolished, there was somewhat of a cultural crisis in the Southern states. |
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These norms are said to gain their strength from universal acceptance, such as the prohibitions against genocide and slavery. |
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Although attempts to abolish slavery failed by narrow margins in the legislature, in practical terms, the state had mostly ended the practice. |
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Some of these slaves were mixed race, with European ancestors, as there were many children born into slavery with white fathers. |
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A significant amount of written records on slavery are found, suggesting a prevalence thereof. |
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He began recruiting from amongst American supporters of slavery and the Manifest Destiny Doctrine, mostly inhabitants of Kentucky and Tennessee. |
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If men are to wait for liberty until they become wise and good in slavery, they may indeed wait for ever. |
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Scholars have debated the exact relationship between wage labor, slavery, and capitalism at length, especially for the antebellum United States. |
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Similarities between wage labour and slavery were noted as early as Cicero in Ancient Rome. |
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The United States abolished slavery during the Civil War, but labor union activists found the metaphor useful. |
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According to Noam Chomsky, analysis of the psychological implications of wage slavery goes back to the Enlightenment era. |
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And when they are talking about capitalism, they are talking about slavery. |
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Baptist claims that slavery was an integral component in the violent development of American and global capitalism. |
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Whitney's invention made upland short cotton into a profitable crop, which strengthened the economic foundation of slavery in the United States. |
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In the South, the cotton gin revolutionized the way cotton was harvested and reinvigorated slavery. |
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After Whitney's invention, the plantation slavery industry was rejuvenated, eventually culminating in the Civil War. |
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Other media followed by reporting widespread child slavery and child trafficking in the production of cocoa. |
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The cocoa industry was accused of profiting from child slavery and trafficking. |
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From 1787 until his death in 1795, Wedgwood actively participated in the abolition of slavery cause. |
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During the Civil War, local politics split over slavery as many had ties to Southern cotton. |
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While many of its leading citizens profited from and defended slavery, it also had been a frequent topic of pulpit rhetoric. |
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Most followers supported causes such as the abolition of slavery and women's suffrage. |
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Korda argues convincingly that Lee was ambivalent about slavery. |
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Abraham Lincoln used his term as the 16th President of the United States to win the Civil War and abolish slavery. |
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Since support of the Confederacy now meant supporting the institution of slavery, there was no possibility of European intervention. |
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Slavery was hereditary In the Middle Ages, slavery was especially prevalent in the Celtic countries. |
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Similarly, any freedmen found to be laying false claim to membership of the Roman equestrian order were sold back into slavery. |
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Although slavery had been illegalized by 1870, fundamental prejudice could not be legislated away. |
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The major change was the elimination of slavery in England, which had disappeared by the middle of the 12th century. |
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The practice of slavery was not outlawed, and the Leges Henrici Primi from the reign of King Henry I continue to mention slaveholding as legal. |
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The Englishmen sold their African captives into slavery in Spanish plantations. |
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From the outset, slavery was the basis of the British Empire in the West Indies. |
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With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, goods produced by slavery became less important to the British economy. |
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The Law of 20 May officially restored the slave trade to the Caribbean colonies, not slavery itself. |
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Some of the hymns protested against the exploitation of child labour and slavery. |
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Darwin was passionately opposed to slavery, while seeing no problem with the working conditions of English factory workers or servants. |
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Early in the Beagle voyage, Darwin nearly lost his position on the ship when he criticised FitzRoy's defence and praise of slavery. |
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Under Wesley's direction, Methodists became leaders in many social issues of the day, including prison reform and the abolition of slavery. |
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Wesley influenced George Whitefield to journey to the colonies, spurring the transatlantic debate on slavery. |
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Wesley was a friend of John Newton and William Wilberforce who were also influential in the abolition of slavery in Britain. |
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In May 1845, the Baptist congregations in the United States split over slavery and missions. |
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Leading up to the American Civil War, Baptists became embroiled in the controversy over slavery in the United States. |
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It noted that missionaries could not take servants with them, and also that the board did not want to appear to condone slavery. |
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They believed slavery was a human institution which Baptist teaching could make less harsh. |
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Some Quakers in North America and Great Britain became well known for their involvement in the abolition of slavery. |
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We are industrious to preserve our bodies from slavery, but we make nothing of suffering our souls to be slaves to our lusts. |
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He called for the abolition of slavery, the abolition of the death penalty, and the abolition of physical punishment, including that of children. |
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At the same time, Shelley makes an egalitarian case against monarchy, class distinctions, slavery, and war. |
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The modern concept of political liberty has its origins in the Greek concepts of freedom and slavery. |
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In abolishing slavery, you abolish that calling of the men-stealer, and in abolishing that calling you abolish slavery. |
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The Slavery Commission sought to eradicate slavery and slave trading across the world, and fought forced prostitution. |
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Its main success was through pressing the governments who administered mandated countries to end slavery in those countries. |
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Records were kept to control slavery, prostitution, and the trafficking of women and children. |
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In 1930, a League report confirmed the presence of slavery and forced labour. |
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The Liberian government outlawed forced labour and slavery and asked for American help in social reforms. |
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The 1850s were marked by political battles over the expansion of slavery into the western territories, issues leading to the Civil War. |
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During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of legal slavery in the country. |
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Colonial society was largely divided over the religious and moral implications of slavery and colonies passed acts for and against the practice. |
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While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa. |
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In Africa, convicted criminals could be punished by enslavement, a punishment which became more prevalent as slavery became more lucrative. |
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Before the arrival of the Portuguese, slavery had already existed in Kongo. |
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Despite the vast profits of slavery, the ordinary sailors on slave ships were badly paid and subject to harsh discipline. |
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During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. |
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Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. |
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They say slavery remained profitable in the 1830s because of innovations in agriculture. |
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In Brazil, however, slavery itself was not ended until 1888, making it the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude. |
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The African diaspora which was created via slavery has been a complex interwoven part of American history and culture. |
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Since then there have been a number of events recognizing the effects of slavery. |
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The City Council has made an unreserved apology for Liverpool's involvement and the continual effect of slavery on Liverpool's Black communities. |
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On 27 November 2006, British Prime Minister Tony Blair made a partial apology for Britain's role in the African slavery trade. |
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Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. |
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It was introduced to the United Kingdom parliament by Sir William Dolben, an advocate for the abolition of slavery. |
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The ruling set a legal precedent with respect to the obligations of states to protect its citizens from slavery. |
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Africa Programme focuses on working against descent based slavery in Mauritania and Niger, as well as forced child begging in Senegal. |
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Europe Programme focuses on advocating for better policies protecting victims of slavery in the UK and the rest of Europe. |
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Agricultural slavery, such as that which was widespread in the Americas, was relatively rare. |
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India has the highest number of people living in conditions of slavery, 18 million, most of whom are in bonded labour. |
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It is thought to have contributed to the abolition of slavery in the British Empire. |
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In 1807, Britain prohibited the slave trade and, in 1833, abolished slavery in its colonies. |
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It was not until 1827 that slavery was completely abolished in the state, and free blacks struggled afterward with discrimination. |
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Racism has led to many instances of tragedy, including slavery and genocide. |
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The northern and southern branches were reunited in 1939, when slavery was no longer an issue. |
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Since support of the Confederacy now meant support for slavery, there was no longer any possibility of European intervention. |
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For what it seeks is to disturb monotony of type, slavery of custom, tyranny of habit, and the reduction of man to the level of a machine. |
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The Southerners resisted Homestead Acts because it supported the growth of a free farmer population that might oppose slavery. |
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For example, when the Southern United States allowed slavery, many slaves moved north via the Underground Railroad. |
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On 26 August 1942, Haile Selassie issued a proclamation that removed Ethiopia's legal basis for slavery. |
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Pirates from several countries, including the Barbary Coast, raided Iceland's coastal settlements and abducted people into slavery. |
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During the last phase of the monarchy, internal political debate was centered on the issue of slavery. |
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Expanding Roman ownership of arable land and industries would have affected preexisting practices of slavery in the provinces. |
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During the period of Republican expansionism when slavery had become pervasive, war captives were a main source of slaves. |
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Some of the colonies developed legalized systems of slavery, centered largely around the Atlantic slave trade. |
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The colonies gradually passed laws that hardened early conditions of indenture into lifelong racial slavery attached to African descent. |
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The abolition of slavery was carried out following a campaign by young revolutionaries who embraced the liberal ideas of the Enlightenment. |
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Indentured servitude became the primary labor force up until Bacon's Rebellion, from which the focus turned to slavery. |
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This trend abated following the American Revolution as slavery became regarded as unprofitable. |
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With the support of other Britons, these activists demanded that Blacks be freed from slavery. |
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At this time, the slavery of whites was forbidden, but the legal statuses of these practices were not clearly defined. |
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This verdict fuelled the numbers of Blacks who escaped slavery, and helped send slavery into decline. |
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Yemen officially abolished slavery in 1962, but it is still being practiced. |
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The Athenian army and ships were destroyed, with most of the survivors being sold into slavery. |
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The nature of the economy dictated that African slavery never became common in the Azores because they were sent to Brazil and the Caribbean. |
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France in February 1794 abolished slavery in its American colonies, but would reintroduce it later. |
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The strongholds on the coast were now stormed and the nobles were slaughtered and the rest sold into slavery. |
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As a result of this incident, 700 Franks were killed and 300 were sold into slavery. |
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Being sold into slavery was a common fate of populations conquered in wars. |
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The 18th century saw an expansion of England's role in the Atlantic trade in Africans taken for slavery to the Americas. |
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Both territories were required to determine for themselves whether to permit slavery. |
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They captured almost all the villagers and took them away to a life of slavery in North Africa. |
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The rich were often able to secure release through ransom, but the poor were condemned to slavery. |
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By the 18th century, the overwhelming number of black slaves was such that Amerindian slavery was less commonly used. |
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Philip Levy argues that the Whydah exhibit would have provided opportunity to explore connections between Atlantic pirates and slavery. |
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Urban slavery in new city centers like Rio and Salvador also heightened demand for slaves. |
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Every year it seems as new evidence is found that modern slavery is occurring. |
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In 2012, Brazil passed an affirmative action law in an attempt to directly fight the legacy of slavery. |
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From before Roman times, slavery was normal in Britannia, with slaves being routinely exported. |
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From the 9th to the 12th century Dublin in particular was a major slave trading center which led to an increase in slavery. |
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The influence of the new Norman aristocracy led to the decline of slavery in England. |
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Few could afford this, until a further law in 1799 established their freedom and made this slavery and bondage illegal. |
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An English court case of 1569 involving Cartwright who had bought a slave from Russia ruled that English law could not recognise slavery. |
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Historians and economists have debated the economic effects of slavery for Great Britain and the North American colonies. |
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They abolished slavery by the end of the 18th century, some with gradual systems that kept adults as slaves for two decades. |
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When Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 election on a platform of halting the expansion of slavery, seven states broke away to form the Confederacy. |
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But, in 1640, a Virginia court sentenced John Punch, an African, to slavery after he attempted to flee his service. |
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In 1641, Massachusetts became the first colony to authorize slavery through enacted law. |
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Massachusetts passed the Body of Liberties, which prohibited slavery in many instances, but did allow for three legal bases of slavery. |
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By 1750 Georgia authorized slavery in the state because they had been unable to secure enough indentured servants as laborers. |
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During most of the British colonial period, slavery existed in all the colonies. |
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This resulted in a different pattern of slavery in Louisiana, purchased in 1803, compared to the rest of the United States. |
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The Constitution of the United States took effect in 1789 and included several provisions regarding slavery. |
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Thomas Jefferson proposed in 1784 to end slavery in all the territories, but his bill lost in the Congress by one vote. |
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They worked to raise awareness about the evils of slavery, and to build support for abolition. |
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This struggle took place amid strong support for slavery among white Southerners, who profited greatly from the system of enslaved labor. |
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His position increased defensiveness on the part of some southerners, who noted the long history of slavery among many cultures. |
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The eloquent Frederick Douglass became an important abolitionist leader after escaping from slavery. |
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The power relationships of slavery corrupted many whites who had authority over slaves, with children showing their own cruelty. |
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This prohibition was unique to American slavery, believed to reduce slaves forming aspirations that could lead to escape or rebellion. |
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Migrants from free and slave states moved into the territory to prepare for the vote on slavery. |
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When he won the presidency they left the union to escape the 'ultimate extension' of slavery. |
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Most free states not only prohibited slavery, but ruled that slaves brought and kept there illegally could be freed. |
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The Northern Democrats said democracy required the people to decide on slavery locally, state by state and territory by territory. |
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The slave owners also argued that banning slavery in new states would upset what they saw as a delicate balance of free states and slave states. |
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The consequent American Civil War, beginning in 1861, led to the end of chattel slavery in America. |
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By 1862, when it became clear that this would be a long war, the question of what to do about slavery became more general. |
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It began to seem unreasonable to protect slavery while blockading Southern commerce and destroying Southern production. |
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The proclamation made the abolition of slavery an official war goal that was implemented as the Union took territory from the Confederacy. |
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The Arizona Organic Act abolished slavery on February 24, 1863 in the newly formed Arizona Territory. |
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The text and principles outlined in them were only words without enforcement, and so alone, they could not and did not abolish slavery. |
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There are few, I believe, in this enlightened age, who will not acknowledge that slavery as an institution is a moral and political evil. |
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Other Southern writers who also began to portray slavery as a positive good were James Henry Hammond and George Fitzhugh. |
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They presented several arguments to defend the act of slavery in the South. |
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Hammond, like Calhoun, believed that slavery was needed to build the rest of society. |
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During the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, Indian slavery, the enslavement of Native Americans by European colonists, was common. |
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Their acceptance was grudging, as they carried the stigma of bondage in their lineage and, in the case of American slavery, color in their skin. |
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They faced secessionists of the Confederate States of America, who advocated for states' rights to expand slavery. |
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The states that remained loyal, including the border states where slavery was legal, were known as the Union or the North. |
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The Confederacy collapsed, slavery was abolished, and 4 million slaves were freed. |
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