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Sentence Examples Although in common use, the geochemistry of modern arc lavas is not a safe discriminator for the tectonic setting of Archaean volcanic rocks. They may be buried in place by inundation of sediment or even by lavas or pyroclastic flows. Volcanoes of the western Hungarian volcanic field also consistently comprise basal glassy pyroclastic units overlain by lavas that cap buttes. A serpentine flow meanders through formations of smooth pahoehoe lava and rough aa lava, the same forms common in basalt lavas. Associated with these intrusions were outpourings of andesitic and more acidic lavas and fine ashes. Sulphide infilled vesicles form numerous zones of disseminated magmatic sulphides within B-zones of thick komatiite lavas. Gas-rich lavas, particularly those that are of high viscosity, form large quantities of cinders and ash which collect in a cinder cone. Batholiths and a large number of minor granitoid intrusions and andesitic lavas were produced showing predominantly calc-alkaline characteristic. For volcanic rocks which cool from molten lavas, this would seem to be a reasonable assumption. They include lavas and volcaniclastic rocks of basaltic and andesitic composition together with cogenetic gabbros, plagiogranites and granites. They are marked by eruptions of cooler, stickier lavas such as andesite, dacite and rhyolite. In contrast, in the section south of the turbidites the lavas dip steeply northwards, and basalts are overlain by andesites. Some volcanoes appear similar to those formed from eruption of thick, viscous lavas on Earth. During the early Gardar period, around 1350 Ma, basaltic lavas were erupted and syenitic plutons were emplaced. Stratovolcanoes are formed of alternating layers of pyroclastic materials and subordinate lavas. The boundary between the sheeted dykes and pillow lavas is tectonic, and because of shearing, the pillow basalts are locally poorly preserved. None of the sites, some of which included samples from the immediately adjacent country rock pillow lavas, yielded useful data. The volcanic pile built up above sea level so that lavas began to be erupted subaerially. In recent years radiometric dating of volcanic lavas, particularly in North Germany, has been used to redefine the PermianCarboniferous boundary. Acraman occurs in the Gawler Range Volcanics, a Mesoproterozoic continental suite of mainly acid lavas and ash flows. Show More Sentences In some lavas, rising gas bubbles may stretch out to form tubular vesicles. It comprises turbiditic elastic rocks with cherts, pillow lavas and greenstones. The lavas have been divided into two main series based on their stratigraphy, geochemistry and petrography. The structural discontinuity between the shield and the horizontal lavas filling the embayment corresponds to the eroded scarps of the landslide. The Liva Member includes parts of the formation composed of basic lavas and tuffs with only minor interbedded sediments. Sediments and lavas were correlated in the field and by subsequent petrographic analysis of volcanic components and textures of deposits. The third potential way the hematite could have formed is by oxidation of a mineral called magnetite in basalt and lavas. Most typical of the volcanicity is the presence of ultrabasic lavas and the highly magnesian basic lavas known as komatiites. They are called pillow lavas because the cooling basalt forms pillow-shaped lumps. Mafic volcanic rocks on this trend crop out on eastern King Island, with exposures including dykes, pillow lavas, volcaniclastic rocks and dolomites. The oldest rock unit exposed is the arc-related Uriconian Group, consisting of lavas and tuffs of basaltic, basaltic-andesite, dacitic and rhyolitic composition. These lavas are inferred to have solidified under a semi-solid carapace. The ophiolite contains a complete igneous stratigraphy of serpentinized ultramafics, gabbro, sheeted dykes and pillow lavas, as described by Moores. Its lavas are notable for containing many mantle xenoliths, pieces of the Earth's mantle brought to the surface by volcanic eruptions. Rate of lithospheric thinning and precise timescale of the eruption of lavas in the British Tertiary Volcanic Province. Stacks of pillow lavas commonly form where large lava flows enter a lake or an ocean. The anorthosite and similar rock types in the highlands and basalt lavas in the maria are the Moon's basic building blocks. Thus the order of phenocryst appearance in Kilauea lavas is olivine, plagioclase, augite whereas in Mauna Loa lavas it is olivine, augite, plagioclase. Anorthoclase occurs, often as crystals, only in sodium-rich volcanic rocks, such as the andesitic lavas of Pantelleria, southwest of Sicily. These lavas also contain large crystals of olivine, plagioclase, and pyroxene that crystallized deep within the Earth's crust and mantle. Show More Sentences The lavas at Volcano Mountain represent a unique type of lava, called 'olivine nephelinite', that is very uncommon in the geological record. These lavas and the nodules they contain are similar to those erupted in the Wells Gray area of British Columbia. The lavas and the nodules they contain are similar to those erupted in the Volcano Mountain area of the Yukon Territory. These lavas have low viscosity and can flow for tens to hundreds of kilometres. Because the lavas are viscous, they do not move quickly and commonly flow only a few kilometres from the vent. For sediments and possibly certain lavas, chemical alteration of the magnetic mineral in the course of time could lead to the same result. These rocks formed as lavas, shallow intrusions, and volcanic ash deposits. In the summit area of the volcano there is no type of vegetation as on recent lavas no seed can germinate. We have developed a mathematical model to evaluate the flow and erosional potential of submarine, channelized komatiite lavas at Kambalda, Western Australia. Near-continuous volcanism has been occurring for at least the past 30 million years and continues to produce a wide variety of alkaline lavas and other volcanic products. In the Canaries, the lavas are much more compositionally varied in each of these stages, ranging from tholeiitic basalts to phonolites and trachytes. The lavas are cut by steep normal faults which have a maximum throw of a few hundred metres at slow spreading centres, and smaller throws at faster spreading rates. Next in abundance, although rare in comparison to silicate rocks, are carbonate-based magmas and lavas known as carbonatites, which have little or no silica content. The strips of green herbage and forest-land, which have here and there escaped the burning lavas, serve, by contrast, to heighten the desolation of the scene. Some lavas of unusual composition have erupted onto the surface of the Earth. Pillow lavas are used generally to confirm subaqueous volcanism in metamorphic belts. Pillow lavas are also found associated with some subglacial volcanoes at an early stage of an eruption. Seamounts are made by extrusion of lavas piped upward in stages from sources within the Earth's mantle to vents on the seafloor. The Aristarchus impact occurred on an elevated, old-looking surface surrounded by lavas of the northern part of the mare known as Oceanus Procellarum. The Bailey Rock Rhyolite is a porphyritic lava and, like other lavas, is characterized by an absence of angular crystal fragments and pumice pseudomorphs. Show More Sentences Evidence of underwater volcanic activity can be seen today on the neck of Llanddwyn Island in the form of pillow lavas. Dredging from bathymetric highs recovered pillow lavas, pillow fragments, and holocrystalline rocks, all basaltic in composition. These were the pillow lavas of the Precambrian, the ancient bedrock which underlies this south western corner of Anglesey. The lavas that upwelled in floods to form the maria were extremely fluid. The Bison locality is in alluvium deposited over Pliocene tholeiitic lavas of the Taos volcanic field. Constant tropical rain makes a mush of hard old lavas. The end product is a brick red soil called laterite. In addition there are infrequent outcrops of igneous rocks including lavas, tuffs and volcanic vent agglomerates. Volcanic ashes and lavas accumulate on the surface, and igneous intrusions enter from below. They are made up of flat lava which flows at the top of extensive pillow lavas and palagonite. About a third of the basaltic lavas erupted in recorded history have been produced by Icelandic eruptions. Fertile soils from weathered volcanic lavas have made it possible to sustain dense populations in the agriculturally productive highland areas. The summit area is composed of flow banded andesite lavas, the Haystacks Member. Intermediate or andesitic lavas are lower in aluminium and silica, and usually somewhat richer in magnesium and iron. Intermediate lavas form andesite domes and block lavas, and may occur on steep composite volcanoes, such as in the Andes. No modern komatiite lavas are known, as the Earth's mantle has cooled too much to produce highly magnesian magmas. Highly viscous lavas do not usually flow as liquid, and usually form explosive fragmental ash or tephra deposits. In addition to true ashes of the kind described above, there are lumps of the old lavas and tuffs forming the walls of the crater, etc. The frequent presence of rounded corroded quartz crystals, such as occur in rhyolitic lavas, helps to demonstrate their real nature. For example, orthoclase is typically feldspar from granite, while its modifications occur in lavas of similar composition. In fact, many of them are petrologically indistinguishable from lavas of similar composition. Show More Sentences They also recovered both older, tholeiitic and younger, alkalic capping lavas from some of the southern seamounts. When the lavas cooled they would pass through the Curie point, and their magnetic minerals would become magnetised. The summit dome itself, together with the steep northern cliffs, are composed of andesite and basaltic lavas. The older lavas are moderately evolved tholeiitic basalts with low abundances of incompatible elements. For lavas, self-reversal of magnetization could occur during cooling, through magnetostatic interaction between two phases or by reversal of the spontaneous magnetization of a single phase. These lavas are generally thought to have come from much deeper in the Earth than the basalt magmas common to most of the other young volcanoes in northwestern British Columbia and the Yukon Territory. Around this core are gently dipping lavas, agglomerates, and tuffs. The shoulders of the rift valleys have risen intermittently to produce highlands on which lavas that have been ejected from fissures in the Earth's surface have in some instances added considerable height. The danger from lava flows would be low to moderate because the nature of the lavas would prevent them from travelling far from their source, even though the Ring Creek lava flow ends only 6 km from Squamish. The fluid nature of the lavas and the lack of significant fragmental material erupted from Volcano Mountain suggest that any future eruptions would probably be dominated by lava flows, with little to no explosive activity. Almost as quickly as the two lavas mingled, they frothed upward and were erupted as the hybrid pumice, which chilled quickly to preserve the marbleized effect. To this end he diligently visited classical localities relating to problems of igneous rocks: the Bushveld of South Africa, the alkalic lavas of East Africa, and the peridotites of Skye and the Fen area of Norway. For volcanic rocks, mineralogy is important in classifying and naming lavas. These flood basalt eruptions have resulted in large accumulations of basaltic lavas emplaced at a rate greatly exceeding that seen in contemporary volcanic processes. Block lava flows are typical of andesitic lavas from stratovolcanoes. Primary minerals, in the form of bornite and chalcopyrite, also occur in the underlying volcanic rocks comprising pyroclastics and rhyolitic lavas. This can remove signs of the original textures of the rocks, such as bedding in sedimentary rocks, flow features of lavas, and crystal patterns in crystalline rocks. Pillow lavas are commonly of basaltic composition, although pillows formed of komatiite, picrite, boninite, basaltic andesite, andesite, dacite or even rhyolite are known. Towards the Andes, the shingle gives place to porphyry, granite, and basalt lavas, animal life becomes more abundant and vegetation more luxuriant. Ultramafic lavas such as komatiite and highly magnesian magmas that form boninite take the composition and temperatures of eruptions to the extreme. Show More Sentences It is predominantly of a brown forest soil type with some gleying, the lower parts being formed from raised beach sands and gravels derived from Old Red Sandstone and lavas. As new oceanic crust is formed, thick sequences of pillow lavas are erupted at the spreading center fed by dykes from the underlying magma chamber. The massive sulphide zones are hosted at the contact between mafic pillow lavas and massive basalt, and have been classified as volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits. Peperitic sills, intruded into wet sedimentary rocks, commonly do not bake upper margins and have upper and lower autobreccias, closely similar to lavas. Examples from Classical Literature Doubtless its own lavas have helped mauna loa's to merge the two mountains into one. Amongst them I may mention those of Bougainville Strait, which are composed of andesitic lavas of the hornblende type. Since the caldera was formed there is no indication that the lavas have anywhere overflowed its rim. The first of these shows no sign of either lavas or scoriae, but volcanic rocks occur on the margins of the other two. These lavas have groundmass textures that vary from almost holo-crystalline to glassy. The flows from Kibo include nepheline and leucite basanite lavas rich in soda felspars. The rocks, so far as I saw them, are massive lavas, and not fragmental scori or other products of explosive eruptions. In the Little Cumbrae they appear on the east side, where they underlie and are interbedded with the lavas. Agglomeratic and tuffaceous rocks are of quite common occurrence, although less important than the lavas. The lavas are curious from abounding in, or rather being in parts composed of pitchstone. The lavas comprise dark pitchstone, resembling that at Kirk Yetholm, and porphyritic and amygdaloidal andesites and basalts. The lavas and ashes ejected by these volcanoes consist of liparite, dacite, andesite and basalt. It is composed of andesitic lavas of the augite type, is pierced by many fumaroles, and has a crater in the solfatara stage. The hole intersected Quaternary lavas and clastic sediments from collar to hole end at 284 metres. Some of the trachytic lavas are said to abound with crystals of albite. In texture, the Rainier lavas are, for the most part, compact. The leucite lavas of Niedermendig contain hayne in abundance. There is greater likelihood of magnetization variation for the older lavas because they may be composed of several flows from different ages and eruption events. Find more words! 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Words that rhyme with lavas What is the adjective for lavas? What is the noun for lavas? Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words lavalliere lava-like lavaliere lavalier lavalava Laval lavash lavatera lavatorial lavatories lavatory lave 5-letter Words Starting With l la lav lava