Here we take a look at the history of antitrust laws and examine some of the arguments against them. |
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What is at first glance surprising is that so few mergers and acquisitions of banks have fallen into the antitrust net. |
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He's no radical, but at least he talks about raising income and enforcing antitrust. |
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It was the second time antitrust enforcers have singled out the company in less than a month. |
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The company now faces antitrust investigation by the European Commission, the executive arm of the European Union. |
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No matter, as one antitrust case fades another begins to move into the foreground. |
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Some read it as a cautionary tale for anyone contemplating turning state's evidence in antitrust trials. |
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I believe farmers would benefit from tougher antitrust laws and probably from a voluntary set-aside program for major field crops. |
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It was abandoned after the Justice Department charged that portions of it violated antitrust laws. |
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He is incensed about the November 2 announcement of a proposed antitrust settlement that he thinks barely raps them on the knuckles. |
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If we cannot get a better system, we might be better off repealing all antitrust laws. |
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We have established social legislation like welfare programs, antitrust laws, and a social security system. |
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That, the plaintiffs maintain, is discriminatory, unfair and contrary to US antitrust law. |
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The strength of this approach comes from the regulator being pro-active with an ongoing monopoly or antitrust policy. |
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Congress tried to help the farm sector by exempting it from federal antitrust law. |
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Harl, who is both an economist and a lawyer, understands antitrust laws and issues very well. |
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And as it found, litigating against the government's antitrust legal eagles can be a long, drawn-out affair. |
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He was sullen and evasive in his videotaped deposition for the governments antitrust case and the judge scolded him for lack of candor. |
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Equally disturbing is the apparent inability of antitrust law to come up with effective solutions to anticompetitive behavior. |
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They enforced the then recent antitrust legislation which had been allowed to lay idle. |
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Initially, the antitrust law provisions were inserted into the Treaty in view of their role in the process of market integration. |
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The Act provides dairy producers who join together a specific exemption from antitrust laws. |
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The Times-Metro deal hit a snag in January, when the Justice Department announced it was investigating possible antitrust ramifications. |
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It's one of the major pleasures of having an exemption from the nation's antitrust laws. |
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But antitrust law focuses on the power of sellers and potential injury to consumers. |
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This was the first inter-state trust, which stimulated antitrust legislation. |
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Tom and I agree that the ultimate purpose of the antitrust laws is to help consumers. |
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Agribusiness mergers often don't create a big enough share of a market to trigger antitrust laws. |
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Because of those antitrust laws we can't just pick a price for all architects to follow and stick to it. |
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And this while dickering with the outside paymaster, television, and fighting off antitrust zealots in Brussels. |
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Until now, it was assumed that if an agreement was reached, players would withdraw their antitrust lawsuit and ultimately recertify as a union. |
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Microsoft's antitrust battles in court and with regulators seem to have been dragging on forever. |
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It was decided at the time that buyers could not claim damages for overcharges by antitrust violators unless they bought the product directly from the manufacturer. |
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The US antitrust authorities have not raised objections to the transaction. |
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Less than two years later, in an antitrust case of considerable importance to Roosevelt's program, Holmes voted against the president. |
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We compete for business vigorously, honestly and in compliance with all applicable antitrust and competition laws. |
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All Member States have put in place antitrust authorities and competition culture is widespread. |
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This is critical, because without such protection, tanners seeking to collaboratively market their products would face a serious risk of antitrust litigation. |
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Gemplus and Axalto are working closely with the competent authorities to obtain antitrust and other regulatory approvals for the transaction. |
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Expenses resulting from current or future litigation concerning violations of antitrust legislation. |
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The use and recommendation of unfair terms can in relevant cases be additionally regulated through antitrust measures. |
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The securities and antitrust laws must be rigorously enforced. |
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The primary target of the antitrust rules is to make certain that companies compete rather than collude. |
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Collection societies often fall foul of antitrust law and require special exemptions from legislators. |
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Notable cases he was involved included leading the antitrust inquiry into Microsoft. |
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Nor did the court suggest that antitrust laws did not apply. |
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After Haywood filed an antitrust suit, Judge Ferguson issued a formal order invalidating the four-year rule. |
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That's free enterprise, not a violation of antitrust law, which is defined as a group monopolizing trade or commerce through unreasonable methods. |
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So it's a funny thing that the U.S. government is officially antitrust. |
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America's regulators and antitrust officials have, until now, viewed their expansion into other markets with caution. |
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Second, accepting, arguendo, plaintiffs' theory of the case, there is no antitrust violation. |
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The trick is take account of the modern needs for efficiency but still use antitrust to give us workably competitive markets. |
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This transaction is subject to the regulatory approvals of the antitrust authorities. |
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In the 1950s, antitrust law was a sleepy domain filled with rigid rules and nonsensical results. |
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As a result, countless millions of Americans and American businesses benefited from a more enlightened approach to antitrust law. |
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The EU has scotched the name the company had planned for the unbundled versions of its operating system that it must ship in Europe as result of last year's antitrust decree. |
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The debate is similar to that surrounding the application of the rule of reason in American antitrust law which is referred to at the end of this chapter. |
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In the meantime, regulatory decisions should look kindly on standard formats, and not obsess over the application of antitrust laws in this context. |
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If you have questions concerning a specific situation that involves antitrust or competition issues, you should contact your supervisor. |
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If the lockout drags on, the union could also decertify and file an antitrust suit against the owners. |
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Building on the new antitrust framework, the Commission will be able to co-operate more closely with the national competition authorities. |
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Apple intentionally deleted music not bought from iTunes from users' iPods between 2007 and 2009, a court was told in a antitrust suit against Apple. |
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The muscular giants of the technology industry often seem to be one step ahead of antitrust regulators, who must rely on century-old laws and slow-moving courts. |
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In view of the confusion, contradictions, and legalistic hairsplitting, which characterize the realm of antitrust, I submit that the entire antitrust system must be opened for review. |
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The competition commissioner, Mario Monti, is stamping his logic on antitrust policy. But there is still much shakiness in the Brussels air enough, at any rate, to worry France and Germany. |
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More pow than wow Medina's turn Correction: Brazil's economy ReprintsThe new CADE is modelled on antitrust regulators in the United States with one notable difference. |
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The Commission was never officially informed either of the opinion of the Italian antitrust authority, or of the ruling by the Lazio administrative court, although it heard of them unofficially. |
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Because they cannot afford to rest on their laurels, high-tech heavyweights often foster aggressive corporate cultures that draw the attention of antitrust regulators. |
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The merger of Veolia Transport and Transdev as well as RATP's exit from Transdev's capital are subject to authorization by the relevant antitrust authorities. |
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I'm not an antitrust expert, but imposing the antimonopoly norm on a market that is already somewhat warped by things like prohibitions on cross-border mergers strikes me as a bit suspect. |
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Such an integrated approach makes it more difficult for nonproprietary software to use Windows capabilities, a feature that has been an issue in antitrust lawsuits against Microsoft. |
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The first is the leading American antitrust law, which prohibits any contract, trust or conspiracy aiming to restrain interstate or foreign trade and any attempt or actual monopolisation of any part of this commerce. |
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But that is the new task for Joel Klein, once Bill Clinton's antitrust boss. For most of the past century, the New York school system provided poorish children with an extraordinary education. |
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He says that he supports antitrust laws, occupational health and safety regulations, equal-opportunity-employment requirements, and mandatory unemployment insurance. |
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Any agreement, understanding or arrangement, express or implied, formal or informal, in restraint of trade or commerce is prohibited by antitrust laws. |
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That is a question implicity raised by Microsoft, which in its federal antitrust appeal has contended that the trial it lost was so technical and esoteric that the presiding judge was unable to comprehend the facts. |
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Sun Microsystems was a hostile witness in Microsoft's antitrust trial. |
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It hopes to achieve this aim by providing practical and straight forward co-operation mechanisms to national judges along the lines of those already existing in the antitrust area. |
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See articleBittersweet symphonyThe European Commission agreed that Universal Music's purchase of EMI could proceed, but only if EMI divests some assets to alleviate antitrust concerns. |
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Garret Rasmussen, an antitrust lawyer at the Washington firm of Patton Boggs, points out that, in the past, the Justice Department took a lenient view of antitrust issues in service industries. |
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Shell does not tolerate violation of antitrust laws. |
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The relevant authorities may thus conduct inquiries or investigations concerning adherence to applicable rules in the compliance and antitrust areas. |
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With respect to behavioral risks, training programs have been widely deployed in order to make managers aware of the importance of legal and antitrust risks. |
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I should like to say a few words on each of the three main areas with which competition policy is concerned: antitrust, concentrations, State aids. |
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The implementation of the project is subject to the legal information and consultation process involving the trade unions of Arkema France and to the approval of the antitrust authorities in some countries. |
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According to your national law, do antitrust considerations play any role in allowing third parties to recycle or repair products which are patented or protected by designs or which bear trademarks? |
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In addition, in May 2007, Total France and TOTAL S. A. received a statement of objections regarding alleged antitrust practices regarding another product line of the Refining and Marketing branch. |
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All employees are required to comply with standards of business conduct, which address ethics, conflicts of interest, antitrust matters and directorships. |
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In order for Universal Music to acquire EMI, the European Union, for antitrust reasons, forced EMI to spin off assets including Parlophone. |
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The related terms oligopoly and monopsony are similar in meaning and this is the type of situation that antitrust laws are intended to eliminate. |
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Economic antitrust torts have been somewhat submerged by modern competition law. |
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Department of Justice to file suit against New Haven for antitrust violations. |
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In 1911, the US Justice Department sued the group under the federal antitrust law and ordered its breakup into 34 companies. |
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Supreme Court ruled in 1911 that antitrust law required Standard Oil to be broken into smaller, independent companies. |
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It is perhaps superfluous to belabor the extent, cost and unpunishment of antitrust crime. It is documentable and undeniable. |
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The antitrust clearance marks an important step toward Bayer's intended acquisition of Conceptus. |
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Current antitrust law protects managed care oligopsonies and prevents physicians from organizing to negotiate jointly. |
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Recent complaints about the Japanese business groups known as keiretsu once again make an antitrust issue of shareholding ties between trading partners. |
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But Tawn Earnest, spokesperson for Delhaize America, said Johnson wasn't sold the stores because he didn't qualify under FTC antitrust guidelines. |
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By 1910 Brandeis noticed that even America's leadership, including President Theodore Roosevelt, were beginning to question the value of antitrust policies. |
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In areas like antitrust, trademark, and employment law, there are powerful laws at both the federal and state levels that coexist with each other. |
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Chapters discuss such topics as antitrust regulations, policies intended to correct market failures, common Achilles heels of social goals policies, and much more. |
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Congress has given courts power to formulate common law rules in areas such as admiralty law, antitrust, bankruptcy law, interstate commerce, and civil rights. |
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