All 79 patients were seronegative for the HIV antibody by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. |
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Children with autism had 20 percent higher concentrations of antibody producing B cells and 40 percent more natural killer cells. |
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Twenty microliters of each antibody was added to 100 L of blood, and the mixture was incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes. |
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Harris hematoxylin was the counterstain for the remainder of the antibody reactions. |
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I took those sera down to Melbourne with me and tested them to see if any of them had antibody to this newly discovered tick typhus organism. |
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The percentage antibody prevalence was calculated using the ratio of positive sera to the total sera tested in each age group. |
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Controls included omitting the primary antibody, using control rabbit serum as primary antibody, and omitting the secondary antibody. |
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Polyclonal anti-RIP1 antibody was purified over a column of recombinant His-tagged proRIP1 coupled to cyanogen-bromide activated Sepharose. |
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She says each antibody in a panel attaches to a different site on the cytokine, allowing accurate measurement. |
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In addition, it is possible to use an animal polyclonal antiserum for capture and a human IgE antibody containing serum for detection. |
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One should note whether the antibody is polyclonal or monoclonal and also the species and isotype of the primary antibody. |
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The presence of antinuclear antibodies was tested by indirect immunofluorescent antibody staining of fixed cells. |
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We therefore evaluated an indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay for the diagnosis of melioidosis. |
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Spindles were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence method using antitubulin antibody. |
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The specificity of this antibody towards wood peroxidases was confirmed by immunoblotting. |
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In all the experiments on native titin, the molecule was attached to two beads, each labeled with an antibody to a different epitope. |
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Once B cells have come into contact with an antigen they proliferate and differentiate into antibody secreting cells. |
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Also, we emphasize that not all individuals with high anti-GAD antibody levels necessarily develop the clinical disease. |
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Health status of the cow is also considered important in determining antibody response when producing hyperimmune products. |
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The presence of parathyroid tissue was confirmed by positive immunoreactivity with a monoclonal antibody to parathormone. |
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It does not appear to be a classic heterophile antibody, nor is it a paraprotein. |
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High antibody titres may indicate current or previous tubal infection, and both partners should be treated with an appropriate antibiotic. |
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This antibody labels the nuclei of the male embryos, revealing a single subnuclear spot that corresponds to the X chromosome. |
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The patient was positive for hepatitis C and herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 antibody. |
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An antibody manufactured at The University of Queensland will be used in world-first human Hendra virus clinical trials starting this month. |
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Infection is cleared, usually within 2-3 weeks, by antibody opsonization and macrophage clearance. |
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The data suggests that they contain a surface antigen that showed antibody responses which were both opsonic and potentially protective. |
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A well-known practical application of this observation is the use of microbe-derived adjuvants to increase antibody responses. |
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Infection is diagnosed more accurately by serum antibody tests or molecular polymerase chain reactions. |
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We tested one further antibody that has been successfully used in geese but it did not give satisfying results in stonechats. |
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The mother was O Rh-positive, antibody screen negative, rapid plasma reagin nonreactive, hepatitis B surface antigen negative. |
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The catalytic antibody technology can localize the delivery of a cytotoxic drug to a specific cell or cancer type. |
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Breakthrough infections and chronic carriage were clearly and strongly related to peak antibody concentrations. |
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Not all patients who develop the antibody will undergo red blood cell hemolysis. |
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If the HLA antigen and specific antibody bind, and complement is added, the cells in that well will be killed. |
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This novel vaccine induces strong cellular and antibody immune responses in animal models, including non-human primates. |
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IgA antiendomysial antibody testing has been reported to be 100 percent sensitive in patients with total villous atrophy. |
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The remainder of the antibody molecule is more constant between different antibodies. |
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Studies conducted in later years have shown that anamnestic antibody response exists within a group and is not related to all the subtypes. |
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It was necessary to supplement blood with human fibrinogen because the antibody does not cross-react with canine fibrin. |
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An antibody is any protein that is released in the body in direct response to infection by an antigen. |
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An antibody is a protein which recognises a foreign molecule, known as an antigen. |
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Secondly, this membrane sheet is treated with a solution containing an antibody to the protein of interest. |
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Individuals with the same history of sensitization have similar patterns of antibody specificities to latex proteins. |
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When the synthetic peptide was used as the antigen, a monoclonal antibody was obtained. |
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Another challenge is dealing with exacerbation or crises in the disease when the antibody titer reaches very high levels. |
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Is the antibody test a false positive or the histological examination a false negative? |
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An antibody against botulinum toxin is available, which binds to the toxin and inactivates it. |
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There is no endogenous peroxidase activity or nonspecific binding of the secondary antibody in the paraffin-embedded sections. |
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Presently the company is developing a biosimilar of the antibody, a drug with dramatic therapeutic effects for rheumatoid arthritis. |
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Alternatively, serum antibody may be transuded into tracheal secretion or reach mucosal surface in inflammatory exudates. |
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Patients with lower antibody titers to varicella after vaccination also had an increased rate of breakthrough infection. |
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For example, though I had chicken pox decades ago, I still have antibody to chicken pox. |
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She was not known previously to be HIV infected but on testing was found to have antibody to the virus. |
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It had become a laboratory standard or reference strain for raising antibodies and for challenge in virus neutralization test to detect and assay antibody in serum. |
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The antibody positive cells were cloned by limiting dilution method. |
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The Finnish researchers had made these antibody fragments to specifically latch on to only one mirror-image form, or enantiomer, of a test molecule. |
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The clear cells possessed abundant finely reticulated clear cytoplasm, which was highlighted by trichrome stain and immunostaining with antimitochondria antibody. |
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After rewashing, the primary antibody was applied for 1 hour. |
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Antigen expression can be augmented by concomitant treatment with lymphokines if necessary, which facilitates antibody recognition of the target cancer cell. |
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Because of the low avidity of the antibody, HSF1 needed to be enriched prior to western blot. |
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We can make micro-organisms evolve very quickly in a test tube, by applying an appropriate selective pressure like an antibody. |
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After oviposition, the parent females were screened for the presence of virus by fluorescent antibody technique as mentioned below. |
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All the conjugated peptides were injected together in white rabbits as antigens for antibody production. |
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Diesel particulates increase the formation of the allergic antibody and can also increase sensitisation to commonly encountered allergens in the air. |
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The antibody response was termed as group specific, species specific or cross reactive depending on the comparative antibody titres obtained against different antigen pools. |
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Protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis is the central moiety of the anthrax toxin complex and it elicits antibody response useful for serodiagnosis of the disease. |
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We attempted to assess the specific consequences of topographical changes by selective manipulation of this parameter with neutral K20 antiintegrin antibody. |
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Fluorescence micrographs of radicle cells of dry seeds and seedlings of Medicago truncatula, labelled with tubulin antibody and with a fluorescent secondary antibody. |
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It is given by injection and stimulates serum IgM, IgG, and IgA, but not secretory IgA, immunity being induced by antibody transuding into the oropharynx. |
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Acid-fast and parasite trichrome stains of lung biopsy specimens were negative, as were direct fluorescent antibody stains for legionella and pneumocystis carinii. |
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They can stick to the cells for weeks and researchers have discovered that the usually bent antibody will unbend to secure itself to the mast cells. |
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The reason for this is because pain and burn are more directly invasive, and electric moxibustion, without using moxa, can enhance antibody production. |
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By western blot assays the antibody was monospecific against the Mn-SOD of pea leaf extracts. |
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Laughter Therapy increases the antibody levels in the mucous membranes of the respiratory passages, thereby reducing the frequency of chest infections. |
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In our study antibody concentrations in uninfected older teenagers stabilised over the previous four years, perhaps as a result of increased exposure by the sexual route. |
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An antisynthetase antibody, when positive, may help confirm the presence of an inflammatory myopathy. |
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Chromatin was sheared by sonication, and DNA associated with either CLF1 or ORC1 was separately co-immunoprecipitated using an anti-HA antibody. |
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Extraction of total soluble protein from tobacco leaves and immunoblotting using the above antibody was carried out according to standard protocols. |
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This approach is valuable for rapidly screening antibody specificities and assessing protein orientation needed for optimal presentation of immunogenic determinants. |
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The use of antilymphocyte antibody therapy for immunosuppression also enhances the likelihood and severity of infection in susceptible recipients. |
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Immunogenicity does not necessarily imply opsonising antibody production. |
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Weakened resistance to infection is caused by decreased antibody and complement production, leukocyte phagocytosis and intracellular killing, and macrophage phagocytosis. |
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Most scientists working with the new inhibitors and monoclonal antibody treatments acknowledge they will be used in combination with chemotherapy for years yet. |
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If the conjugated antibody binds to surface proteins on healthy cells, those cells are doomed, as the conjugate will be internalized and digested in the normal fashion. |
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However, studies have shown that native DNA might actually be the cross-reacting antigen whereas modified nucleic acid polymers stimulate antibody response. |
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Moreover, infected infants had low levels of specific antibody to the infective serotype. |
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The affinity between the mutually complemental antibody and receptor was described by a weighted affinity matrix. |
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To test cats for feline leukemia virus and immune deficiency virus, vets check for the presence of the virus itself, not the antibody levels. |
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After a second overnight incubation and washing, the detection antibody is added. |
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A negative result of an antibody test, particularly during the first week of illness, may indicate that the patient does not have infectious mononucleosis. |
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At one year, if the patient is clinically and biochemically euthyroid and a thyroid-stimulating antibody level is not detectable, therapy can be discontinued. |
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Plasma cells then make excess gamma globulin antibody immune proteins that latch onto specific invaders. |
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He soon had a rough draft of a manuscript about how an antibody might be formed and the physical-chemical basis of its specific reaction with antigen. |
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A monoclonal antibody to influenza nucleoprotein was purchased from QED Biosciences. |
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The importance of these factors is supported by the findings that thicker skinfolds are associated with a lowered antibody response to vaccines. |
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These control experiments confirmed that the antibody penetrated well in all the samples studied. |
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So it's feasible to raise enough antibody there to either completely block or very substantially attenuate the effects that nicotine would have. |
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Testing for HIV infection is usually done by detecting the presence of an antibody to the virus. |
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This can be done only if the antibody workup is completed prior to the initiation of surgery. |
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This assay is a highly quantitative and direct measure of antibody response to a specific antigen. |
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If infection is established, this agent will have a lesser ability to disrupt the complexes because of high antibody avidity. |
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This antibody is found in body fluids such as tears, saliva, and other bodily secretions. |
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The candidates are both immunotoxins comprising an antibody fragment that targets the CD22 receptor on B-lymphocytes fused to a toxin molecule. |
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An antibody to lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor prevents transfer of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. |
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Due to advances in humanisation technology, antibody therapies have rapidly come of age as the most important new treatment technology. |
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Also, MVA allows offering reliable services such as epitope mapping, antibody analyses, immunogenicity assessment, etc. |
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Immunoassays with protein fractions revealed the antibody specificity to the prolamin and glutelin fractions in the respective grains. |
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The specificity of each antibody was immunochemically checked by two-dimensional Western blotting against all of the other analytes prior to use. |
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No immunoreactivity was detected when a monoclonal antibody MiTF was used as the primary antibody in the negative control staining. |
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Immunotoxins made with the antibodies and antibody fragments of the invention have improved cytotoxicity to CD22-expressing cancer cells. |
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Divergent effects of low versus high dose anti-TGF-beta antibody in puromycin aminonucleoside nephropathy in rats. |
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The anti-gliadin antibody showed comparatively strong reactivity to gliadin, compared with the glutenin fraction. |
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Red knots, sanderlings, and laughing gulls were rarely infected, but dynamic changes in antibody prevalence differed among species. |
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ThromboView uses a clot-binding monoclonal antibody attached to a radiolabel. |
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Viral levels began to drop within three days of treatment with the PDL-1 antibody, which was administered intranasally. |
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So in recent years, many scientists have given up on antibody approaches to HIV vaccines or treatments. |
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Staining was not seen in serial sections stained with the isotype antibody or with no antibodies. |
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The percentage of events reactive with each monoclonal antibody was determined, setting thresholds with isotypic controls. |
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In an additional experiment, the primary antibody was replaced with isotypic mouse immunoglobulin IgG2b at the same concentration. |
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Variation of antibody titers against M2e in IVIGs may be geographically dependent. |
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Evibodies are only one tenth the size of an antibody and can therefore be manufactured more economically. |
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The researchers also found that injecting amniotic fluid with an antibody that blocks SP-A delays labor by 1 day in mice. |
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Technologies, creating a superior antibody molecule with enhanced ADCC and CDC activities. |
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Two different hollowfibre bioreactors were used for the production of a human monoclonal antibody for clinical use. |
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The antibody test found osteocalcin in the bones of hadrosaurs, a ceratopsian, and a sauropod dinosaur. |
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Adalimumab is an IgG monoclonal antibody specific for TNF-alpha, thereby blocking its interaction with cell surface TNF receptors. |
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Subsequently, predicted antibody activity titres were determined directly from the standard curve by solving the regression line equation. |
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The mean and median antibody titres against the STn-bearing mucin OSM were higher in the patients treated with the new formulation. |
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If an antibody is suspected, potential donor units must first be screened for the corresponding antigen by phenotyping them. |
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Comparison of tissue transglutaminase-specific antibody assays with established antibody measurements for coeliac disease. |
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Briefly, the brain sections were washed of cryoprotectant and placed into primary antibody solutions for GFAP or IBA-1 for 24 hr. |
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Further antibody and serology testing of anti microsomal antibodies, thyroglobulin, Lyme serology, and perineoplastic antibodies were negative. |
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In granulomatosis with polyangiitis, there are conflicting data on the ability of anti-proteinase 3 antibody levels to predict clinical relapses. |
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Study showed that severe hemolytic anemia after childbirth was due to isoimmunization caused by an irregular antibody. |
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That underproduction gins up a stronger antibody response from flu vaccines, researchers report in the December PLoSPathogens. |
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Immunoselection involves the use of an antibody or a collection of antibodies. |
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The results of the C-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test, Mantoux test, and chest x-ray were normal. |
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The antigen, usually a protein or carbohydrate made by an infectious agent, is bound by the antibody. |
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The test works by taking a small blood sample that is analyzed to detect the presence of an antibody when the body is responding to an allergen. |
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British researchers found that some new antibody drugs work by engaging the garbage disposal system that exists in cells. |
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Anti-parietal cell antibody test, gastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic biopsies were also performed in patients with Cbl deficiency. |
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These tests are based upon the ability of an antibody to bind specifically to an antigen. |
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No notable antibody reactivity was found to the noncitrullinated control peptides. |
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The precleared lysate was then preincubated with anti-phycocyanin antibody for 1 hr at RT before adding the cyanobacteria lysate. |
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Jacques Benveniste and his team's work studying human basophil degranulation in the presence of extremely dilute antibody serum. |
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Unique Physico-chemical properties of Japanese B encephalitis antibody virus haemagglutination. |
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Paper forms contained an individual check box for IgM HAV testing but did not contain a check box for total HAV antibody. |
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The tissue sections were treated with anti-Histag antibody with appropriate secondary antibody with the counterstaining of hematoxylin. |
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Elusys develops antibody-based therapies using proprietary technologies in Heteropolymer antibody chemistry and complement biology. |
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Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody against CD20 antigen expressed on B-lymphocytes. |
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Agonist antibody for TNFRII but not TNFRI were toxic alone and potentiated NMDA receptor-dependent toxicity. |
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Inflectra is a chimeric humanCaemurine monoclonal antibody that binds with high affinity to both soluble and transmembrane forms of TNF alpha but not to lymphotoxin alpha. |
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We developed a lectin ELISA that uses biotinylated AAL and a capture antibody specific for AGP to study the fucosylation on AGP in the acute phase response. |
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AccretaMab platform consists of POTELLIGENT and COMPLEGENT Technologies, creating a superior antibody molecule with enhanced ADCC and CDC activities. |
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Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was normal for cell counts, protein and glucose levels, oligoclonal bands, infectious agent and paraneoplastic antibody scanning. |
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A decrease in anti-AChR antibody concentration may have been caused by CPB institution, hemodilution, and adsorption of antibodies to the pump components. |
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Nevertheless, no connections were found between the levels of IgE and histamine caused by anti IgE antibody in healthy people as well as in patients with pollinosis. |
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Remsima is the world's first biosimilar monoclonal antibody to be approved by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of eight autoimmune diseases. |
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The original article listed three proteins, w-5 gliadin, g-3 hordein, and g secalins that were implicated in the production of specific antigliadin antibody reactions. |
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The drug, rituximab, acts by suppressing antibody production within the immune system and breaking a key part of the cycle that leads to arthritic inflammation. |
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The cell-mediated immune response is critical for controlling such pathogens because their intracellular location shelters them from antibody binding. |
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The treated lab animals had fewer immune cells in their central nervous systems, less myelin damage, and fewer symptoms compared to a control group not given the antibody. |
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Further specificity analysis reveals a subset of functional antibody clones capable of recognizing the rodent ortholog of the target, enabling in vivo pharmacology studies. |
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Hepatitis serology test results were negative, ceruloplasmin level was normal, and anti-mitochondrial antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibodies were negative. |
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It is now able to offer new services, including antibody humanisation to supplement its antibody engineering, antibody expression and hybridoma sequencing services. |
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A key differential diagnosis is Goodpasture disease, which was excluded in our patient by a negative antiglomerular basement membrane antibody test. |
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The value of anti-calretinin antibody in the differential diagnosis of normal and reactive mesothelia versus metastatic tumors in effusion cytology. |
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Red blood cells were lysed using hypotonic shock, and leukocytes were subjected to surface CD14 labeling using phycoerythrin-conjugated CD14 antibody. |
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The SDS-PAGE gel of HMD and BDDGE treated group, which depicted characteristic bands of collagen, was used as a model to assess the antibody binding in the immunoblot. |
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Other tests are more sensitive in that they produce higher antibody titres but they do not detect substantially more seropositive individuals in a population. |
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Ewes are often revaccinated annually about 3 weeks before lambing, to provide high antibody concentrations in colostrum during the first several hours after lambing. |
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Target proteins were identified using primary antibodies and immunoprobed using a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and chemiluminescent substrate. |
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This form was marked by a fever that occurred after the usual incubation period and could be confirmed only by antibody studies or, rarely, by virus isolation. |
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This strategy is based on blocking the CGEN-15001T immune checkpoint protein, which we have demonstrated is expressed on cancer cells, using a therapeutic monoclonal antibody. |
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The objective is to optimize Fc receptor mediated antibody function. |
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We found that, similar to TIMP-1 antibody, the capture antibodies for tPA, DPP-4, and MME did not cause background binding to the selected lectins. |
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Even in earlier studies, it has been proved that immunization with herbal drugs may produce antibody response against snake venoms in experimental animals. |
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We previously developed an immunoassay for CP, a ferroxidase that plays a role in copper and iron metabolism, and characterized the antibody pair for this blood protein. |
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When the antibody was applied to healthy immature marrow cells, it caused them to mature into blood-platelet-producing cells called megakaryocytes. |
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According to the researchers of Duke University, the new antibody works by targeting the voltage-sensitive sodium channels in the cell membrane of neurons. |
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That's in large part because one of the most common features of the disease is the presence of an antibody called rheumatoid factor in a person s blood. |
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The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test result was positive, and a fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test result was strongly reactive. |
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In short, their paper concluded that less than a single molecule of antibody could trigger an immune response in human basophils, defying the physical law of mass action. |
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As a result, Kirin will hold Hematech's rights primarily related to polyclonal antibody production, along with the development and marketing rights already held by Kirin. |
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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of IgG antibody to Molluscum contagiosum virus and investigation of the serological relationship of the molecular types. |
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Each specimen's event clusters were considered positive or negative when compared with the degree of the same specimen stained with the isotypic control antibody. |
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But, because so many kids get strep throat and antibody titers often stay elevated for 3-9 months after an acute infection, many argued that there was no proof of causation. |
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With the genes in place, the new strain of tobacco produced the antibody in its leaves and secreted the antibody from its roots into the surrounding hypotonic growth medium. |
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If there is no antibody present, an immediate spin crossmatch or computer assisted crossmatch is performed where the recipient serum and donor rbc are incubated. |
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The unique Universal phosphotyrosine antibody is among them. |
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The expression of palivizumab in plants resulted in self-assembly of the appropriate antibody quaternary structure, which was then recovered from the plant tissue. |
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Supra dietary levels of vitamins C and E enhance antibody production and immune memory in juvenile milkfish, Chanos chanos to formalin-killed Vibrio vulnificus. |
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