The Italian nation was split between the Guelf party, who theoretically supported Papal supremacy, and the Ghibellines, who backed the Emperor. |
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Other options exist as well, linked to a bachelor's thesis, where students, depending on their research themes, may take advantage of a study period at Brock and Guelf universities in Canada. |
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Guelf was derived from Welf, the name of the dynasty of German dukes of Bavaria who competed for the imperial throne through the 12th and early 13th centuries. |
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In 1270 civil war broke out in Genoa between the Guelf families, supporters of the Pope, and the Ghibelines, supporters of the Roman-Germanic Emperor. |
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