How to use DNA in a sentence

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Sentence Examples Epoxy compounds are highly reactive bifunctional alkylating agents, which may attack and bind covalently to DNA and cause mutagenic events. Twenty-four hours after transfection, the cells were harvested and the plasmid DNA recovered. In many organisms, nuclear DNA is methylated at cytosine residues, resulting in 5-methylcytosine. The DNA transposons resemble typical bacterial transposons, they have terminal inverted repeats which enclose the transposase gene. Storage of DNA is related to its ability to twist and coil into a compact form. In 15 years, when it's even easier to analyze a DNA sample, might governments not see DNA as the last word in personal identification? Now a DNA comparison between the woman he claims is his great-aunt and his own grandfather may finally put the matter beyond all doubt. One trick is to tightly wind the DNA around complexes of proteins called histones, much as thread is coiled around a spool. This may require assaying a range of enzymes, and will increasingly involve transcriptome analysis on DNA microarrays, or proteome analysis. Thus we were able to clone the DNA sequence that flanked the transposon insertion using plasmid rescue. Similar to nitrous acid, nitric oxide gives rise to reactive nitrous anhydride that can induce nitrosative deamination of DNA bases. Identifying the structure of DNA triggered a revolution in biology that is still continuing today. Genes were amplified from genomic yeast DNA using specific oligonucleotides and the polymerase chain reaction. Some of the characters believed to be correlated with DNA amount are alpine habitat, life history and breeding system. The researchers identified short segments of DNA that show up only in a specific species. The stains have been used to sensitively detect single DNA fragments using two-photon fluorescence excitation. In 1994, the concerns over the system of DNA testing resulted in a major overhaul of the way profiling was carried out. People solve this packing problem by tightly wrapping their DNA around proteins called histones. However, we found that cells that are terminally differentiated and metabolically inactive often show no DNA signals in the nucleus at all. A microarray consists of single-stranded DNA arranged on a wafer the size of a postage stamp. Show More Sentences These include regulation of collagen synthesis, inflammatory cell chemotaxis, and DNA synthesis. Black spots represent the other DNA and RNA transposable elements described for different Drosophila species. The long DNA chain is naturally compacted in a dense form in most biological systems. Thus, the competition between monovalent and divalent cations acts only on the DNA sites and does not act on the mica sites. The method involved a stepwise linkage of doubly-restricted DNA fragments and re-digestion of the resultant concatamers. The one strand of RNA is annealed with its complementary strand of DNA, which causes the other strand of DNA to be displaced from the helix. During cell division, the stainable, inactive DNA appears in the form of threads or rods called chromosomes. The nonspecific binding of Cro repressor to a long stretch of DNA was also studied with Brownian dynamics simulation. The was no amplification of DNA of any of the microorganisms and human DNA tested. Dozens of unsolved murders and rapes are to be reinvestigated following new advances in DNA technology, scientists announced yesterday. So we decided to have another look at baseborn George and hence the DNA comparison with a member of the Wiltshire family. In comparison with the deamination of cytosine to uracil, the deamination of DNA purines is a minor reaction. In DNA the bases pair to form a ladder-like structure, with adenine paired with thymine and guanine with cytosine. It's semi-final time at the DNA Micor Group masters squash tournament where it was necessary to have two pools in a section. The system relies on short DNA sequences in bacterial messenger RNA that bind selectively to a specific small molecule. The DNA was treated with 500 units of terminal transferase in the presence of ddC according to manufacturer's instructions. Exposing DNA to radiation is like hitting a fine piece of crystal stemware with a hammer. This small protein replaces histones and binds DNA in the process of spermatogenesis. Although P22 can adsorb to S. typhi and inject its DNA into a S. typhi recipient, P22 cannot develop lytically in S. typhi. Because methylation is secondary to replication, newly synthesized DNA transiently exists as hemimethylated molecule. Show More Sentences The linker DNA between each nucleosome can vary from 20 to more than 200 bp. The restriction enzyme bound on DNA at the first site binds its second site to a remote DNA sequence and then dissociates from the first one. The protein and DNA state dynamics are treated stochastically and on an equal footing. The relaxation to this new equilibrium is slowed down by the combined hydrodynamic friction on the microsphere and the DNA molecule. It may be possible to extract DNA from the bones of human ancestors and other hominids who died up to one million years ago, researchers believe. That is a huge achievement, particularly as we are about to load the two millionth DNA profile onto the database. Cell lines were maintained as directed by the source, and DNA isolations were performed using Wizard genomic DNA purification. The ability of DNA polymerases to replicate DNA requires a number of additional accessory proteins. Important mechanisms for epigenetic alteration of gene expression include DNA methylation and histone acetylation. Cathy's an ace with the computer and knows how to jigger the DNA analyser database to delete the log entry for a test run. At the time of this writing, the DNA analysis of the hairs we collected is still under way. Rad6 is important for DNA damage responses and strains with rad6 mutations are sensitive to UV irradiation. More high-quality, linked DNA markers of herbal medicines will be developed in further studies. The official club ledgers could accurately be described as the DNA of Everton Football Club. Experts analysing the anthrax used in the US attacks are comparing its DNA with a library of strains collected worldwide. It has been suggested that the small DNA amounts and low C-value variation are linked to the biflagellate nature of bryophyte sperm cells. No conserved DNA motifs characteristic of the promoters of florally expressed genes were identified. Once convicted, all of those people can be required to put their DNA on a database. The method used to produce the source of DNA in the amplification protocol was standardized. From this lysate, a dilution was prepared and used as a source of DNA in amplification reaction. Show More Sentences Called a DNA microarray, it relied on the laws of nature, meaning that any virus applied to the slide would gravitate toward a like virus. A stethoscope whipped past, followed by tongue depressors and a DNA sampler. Yeast has been used for many years to study DNA recombination, although not in this context. They also scouted numerous dog shows to take cheek-swab DNA samples from five purebred dogs of each of the 85 common breeds they tested. Much attention has been paid to what kind of DNA damage caused by UVA irradiation is responsible for the genotoxicity. This view was reinforced by the elucidation of Z DNA and Z RNA structures, where the syn purines are mostly guanines. As a result, the normal complement of DNA in the micronucleus is 4C during the amitotic division of the macronucleus and cytokinesis. A DNA substrate containing a thymidine kinase gene fused to a neomycin-resistance gene was stably integrated into cells. In late summer we checked for retained offspring among the first-year birds in flocks using behavior and DNA fingerprinting. Transcription factors are proteins that bind to a subsequence of the DNA before a gene and encourage the start of transcription. Their experiments show that the Gal and Lac repressers form antiparallel loops on longer DNA molecules. The heart of this work is identifying the sequence of DNA subunits that constitute the human genome. Ultraviolet radiation is able to damage DNA and other biologically important molecules through direct absorption. Complementary DNA was made from messenger RNA using reverse transcription with a polydT primer. Neutral or anionic polymers condense DNA by packing the DNA due to excluded volume. The DNA sequences available for Lake Victoria haplochromines include 56 specimens of 24 described plus 9 undescribed species. These enzymes usually act in concert with other enzymes or proteins in DNA metabolic activity. Inactive DNA is readily stained with hematoxylin, toluidine blue, and other similar basic dyes. Famous old girls include Harriet Harman, constitutional affairs minister, and Rosalind Franklin, the DNA pioneer. The linker DNA follows a continuous spiral path between nucleosomes with a correspondingly large bend. Show More Sentences After methylation, DNA was extracted with phenol-chloroform followed by ethanol precipitation. And mutagenicity is of course a bad thing, because increased DNA damage is generally held to be a factor in carcinogenesis. Interaction has been measured in this way for ligand-receptor pairs of biotin and avidin, complementary DNA pairs, and antigen-antibody pairs. Once the DNA is converted back into RNA, the introduced mutations will occur in the genome of the RNA virus. In vitro studies on novel DNA structures have mainly involved synthetic oligonucleotides based on naturally occurring sequences. The animal's DNA is stored and random cross-checks are carried out with meat form the supermarket counter. Once DNA sequencing devices become operable by an unskilled individual anyone will be able to find out their own DNA sequence. Radical-induced cleavage of DNA and oxidation of nucleotide bases can proceed. The newspapers contain the DNA of the era, and the microfiche is the amber that holds them. Thereafter, the DNA sequence of some microsatellites was determined to resolve the following ambiguities. The researchers injected the DNA plasmid, which encodes a gene that stimulates the immune system, directly into the tumor site in mice. The earlier DNA sample had been taken from a trail of blood left behind when he cut himself smashing the cash office window. From the missing mutations in the old DNA sequences the researchers calculated that the Sima hominin lived about 400,000 years ago. When we do this we can use dinosaurs, fossils and DNA as tools to share the gospel of Christ. They seemed to be of medium length and one them had been pulled from the root, making a DNA check possible. For DNA extraction, three 10 m sections were cut from paraffin blocks, dewaxed and dried in a vacuum. Well, we're on pins and needles until we hear any confirmation, if there is any to be had on the latest rumors regarding DNA results, everyone. Thus, a single-pass DNA sequence derived from RNA is a reliable source for quantitative and qualitative analysis. Families will be given the opportunity to provide blood for DNA testing to check against samples taken from bodies found in mass graves. Papillomavirus DNA was present in 25 of 29 samples of breast carcinoma and in 20 of 29 samples from the corresponding mamilla. Show More Sentences It has produced high-quality DNA from various malvaceous species, and from old cotton fibers. Based on microsatellite DNA analyses, the northern water snake also shows evidence for local population differentiation. The units of heredity, or genes, are DNA sequences that code for the synthesis of proteins. Raccoons and striped skunks tell the story of scientists using DNA to track down distinct strains of the rabies virus. Most osteosarcomas arise from non-inherited errors in the DNA of growing bone cells. Once integrated with the host's genetic material, the DNA version of the retroviral RNA is called a provirus. I think our corporate governance has structurally been on the improve, but activism has always been part of our DNA anyway. One consists of lipid bilayers alternating with layers of DNA in a multilayer arrangement. Each volume projection shows DNA in blue and a probe to the second chromosome centromeric heterochromatin in red. The invention further relates to eukaryote cells or prokaryote cells containing the recombinant DNA vector or the recombinant fowlpox virus. The DNA alignment was analyzed with both parsimony and distance matrix methods. The enzymes look for recognition sites along the DNA software and process DNA to result in a binary system that can answer simple questions. Not a single case of invasive cervical cancer was missed with the use of HPV DNA testing in conjunction with cytology. For comparison, we sequenced genomic DNA from the stock used to generate the mutants. The accumulation of viscous polysaccharides in the mycelia of S. commune often interferes with genomic DNA isolations. In addition, men possess other types of DNA that will tell him about the female ancestral line. Genomic DNA isolation and purification followed either a modified Chelex or phenol-chloroform protocol. Acyclovir is an acyclic guanosine analog that inhibits viral DNA replication of infected cells. Polyembryony was further characterized by determining DNA content and fingerprints of embryos obtained from 157 polyembryonic kernels. We performed PCR on wild-type mouse genomic DNA to amplify sequences flanking transposon insertion sites for use as probes. Show More Sentences They had donned hairnets and gloves to gather DNA samples not previously submitted. The secret passageways that twirl like DNA through the building all culminate in a room in the sub-basement I call The Bunker. Replicative DNA polymerases are very accurate enzymes with error rates usually in the range of 10-5 per replicated nucleotide. Dynamics of focus formation can be affected by mutation of genes involved in DNA metabolism. Eventually, the DNA materials may be able to link the crew members with their living descendants. The DNA then starts making proteins that are recognised by the body as foreign bodies and attacked. The first DNA to be extracted from an ancient specimen was from 150-year-old tissues from the quagga, an extinct relative of the zebra. The DNA will also be used to establish evolutionary links to modern marsupials in Australia today. The inspector said today that conventional methods of identification, including DNA and fingerprinting, had drawn a blank. It was shown also that the same critical concentration of spermidine induces aggregation and catenation of DNA rings by topoisomerases. Diet is an important variable in determining DNA damage biomarkers, specifically micronuclei. Recent DNA analysis indicates that giant pandas are more closely related to bears and red pandas are more closely related to raccoons. Molecular diagnostics is a branch of clinical diagnostics that uses primarily DNA or RNA as a biomarker for clinical testing. When the evidence is interpreted from a DNA sample, does it tend to confirm what the courts have already ruled? In addition to this one method, we have DNA testing, comparative anatomy, biogeography, embryology, and comparisons between molecular structures. Williams et al. compare the biogeographic signal in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences in Indo-West Pacific starfish and snapping shrimp. Contemporary human template DNA from a phenotypically healthy individual was therefore spiked with an ancient DNA extract from a cave bear. The evolution of the cave bear and brown bear has been studied by analyzing both modern DNA samples and ancient DNA from fossils. Both of these products involve dimerization of adjacent pyrimidines on the same DNA strand. Genes are submicroscopic segments of DNA and cannot be detected by chromosome analysis. Show More Sentences Repeat sequences are short stretches of DNA that have been hopping around the genome by copying and inserting themselves into new regions. Strains with mutations in both genes are very sensitive to DNA damaging agents, have very short telomeres, and undergo cellular senescence. This gave rise to the genetic revolution, including recombinant DNA technology and gene therapy. The nucleotide sequences of the constructed plasmids were verified by DNA sequencing. The center's laboratory was recently equipped with a DNA sequencer, an apparatus that allows her to identify individual fish by their genes. Difference spectra were calculated by subtraction of the spectrum of the DNA from the spectra of the peptide-DNA complexes. Acyclovir, an acyclic guanosine analog, binds viral DNA polymerase, acting as a chain terminator and ending replication. That claim, by the Raelian movement, also met with scepticism from scientists and has not been backed since by essential DNA proof. We have sequenced mitochondrial DNA and nuclear genes from wild and domestic pigs from Asia and Europe. We sequenced genomic DNA from heterozygous animals in an attempt to identify the remaining mutations. In the same vein, having fur and teeth and canine DNA doesn't necessarily make your dog a reliable watchdog. Forensic experts believe they now have a DNA profile of the person who stabbed her to death. Their involvement in DNA binding could be shown for two BTB zinc finger proteins, Trl and Tramtrack. The capability of specific interaction with both DNA and RNA is not restricted to the zinc finger family of proteins. The researchers have also used an enzyme called polymerase to make exact copies of the DNA strands in a test tube. These data further support the idea that the observed micronuclei result from preferential exclusion of acentric DNA fragments. In rat liver, it has been shown that tamoxifen forms covalent DNA adducts, implying a genotoxic mechanism for its carcinogenicity in this tissue. Causes and effects The structure of thalidomide is similar to that of the DNA purine bases adenine and guanine. The nucleotide elements of DNA are adenosine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, abbreviated A, G, C, and T, respectively. Unlike the retrovirus, adenoviral DNA functions in an extrachromosomal manner. Show More Sentences For prosecutors, indicting John Does through their DNA might seem more than fair. A burglar who targeted car showrooms was trapped by DNA on a screwdriver discovered at one and a footprint at another. Strand scission in DNA can result from the production of a carbon-based radical following hydrogen atom abstraction from deoxyribose. They placed the DNA copy between two ribozymes, RNA molecules that have enzymatic function and can cleave RNA sequence at specific locations. To help with this, forensic teams have been working flat out to gather DNA and fingerprint evidence. The raw data are analysed by the team's DNA analysts, put into a proper format, and entered into the DNA databases. Annotation is the process of converting raw DNA sequence data into biological knowledge. They are generally considered among the raptors, yet DNA studies show New World vultures to be ancestrally more closely related to storks. In addition, it has been theoretically studied using molecular mechanics and DNA oligomers after a minimization process. New DNA research reveals that woolly mammoths were more closely related to modern Asian elephants than to African elephants. He has always protested his innocence and his legal team say new DNA evidence could help clear him of the murder. The seminiferous tubules were gently pelleted and subjected to proteinase digestion and DNA extraction. In apoptosis, DNA is degraded into oligonucleotides with a few hundreds of basepairs that subsequently diffuse out of the nucleus. A subset of 12 fragments was selected from 105 noncoding DNA fragments from both intronic and intergenic regions on the X chromosome. Unlike other fungi, budding and fission yeasts lack endogenous DNA methylation. This map provides a useful framework for analyzing the DNA in each chromosome. The binding of a DNA molecule to freshly cleaved mica surface in solution has also been measured. Under ultra-violet light it glows and the DNA code can be read under a microscope. The group also wants the government to contribute to the costs of the exhumations, including DNA testing and dignified reburials. Science whizz-kids yesterday took on the tricky task of extracting DNA from a kiwi fruit. Show More Sentences The DNA fragments are transferred or blotted to a nylon or nitrocellulose paper and baked to bind the single stranded DNA to the paper. We collected DNA samples from 811 offspring from 45 litters that were collectively sired by 48 males. Both diametrical and radial defect lines are found within the DNA cholesteric spherulites studied. The nucleosides are better models for the bases in DNA and RNA because the sugar moiety eliminates tautomers that cannot occur in the polymers. Prime candidates are the DNA poison cycasin from the false sago palm, or two excitotoxins that also come from this palm. If done properly, DNA evidence can be a powerful tool in tracking down criminals. But recreating a live animal from its DNA remains in the realm of science fiction, Rijsdijk said. Even the codiscoverer of the DNA double helix, Sir Francis Crick, displayed humility that is totally lacking in the present day know-alls. And they also had to study up on DNA science and the workings of the legal system. Papanicolaou staining and destaining do not interfere with indirect IS-PCR for HPV DNA detection. A state-of-the-art DNA analysis system is opening a new world of study for science students at Muskingum. To identify expressed sequences, 16 kb of genomic DNA flanking the proviral integration site was sequenced and compared to genetic databases. Beginning in 2009, adults arrested for any felony offense are subject to DNA collection. The DNA is enclosed in a nucleocapsid, or core antigen, which is surrounded by a spherical envelope. For the ELD experiments, calf thymus DNA was deproteinized with sodium dodecyl sulfate. There are two types of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, both of which are suitable for the transfer of information. The sequencer can automatically analyze multiple runs of 96 DNA samples, making unattended 24-hour operation possible. But what about using the metal coordination of the DNA building blocks as a tool to construct new molecular architectures? In DNA models of double strand breaking the base pairs are the units situated on the sites of a linear lattice. Much of the DNA that we possess, moreover, seems to perform no useful function at all. Show More Sentences The concentration of protein and nucleic acids in extracts and the molecular weight of DNA were subsequently determined. The DNA from the swab will be checked against a national database and if a match is found the offender will be tracked down and prosecuted. That theory has now been questioned by both areological finds and DNA evidence. The protein is linked to a second protein, ubiquitin, when the cell detects that DNA damage has occurred. To date, only DNA vaccines against hepatitis B and malaria have induced immune responses thought to be protective in humans. We performed DNA amplification, purification, sequencing, and fragment assembly. Amber is one of the better preservatives of DNA, so dinosaur DNA in amber would be good. The packaging of DNA with histones into nucleosomes and higher-order chromatin structures has profound effects on transcription initiation. But first, he would be sent to a reception centre where he would be strip-searched, photographed and have a DNA sample taken. Results show that the transformed DNA sequences remained linked in the recipient genome. Molecular markers derived from cDNA and genomic DNA clones were from the tomato high-density linkage map. The film also looks ahead, examining the possibility of cloning the mammoth, should DNA be recovered during the upcoming scientific studies. The fragments were cloned and DNA sequencing demonstrated that they actually corresponded to cDNA with proper intron splicing. For example, if you oppose executions, the number of people on death row recently cleared by DNA evidence probably alarms you. Gene flow is the transfer of recombinant DNA incorporated in genetically modified plants into wild populations. Childhood experts know that despite increasing barriers to quality playtime, children's DNA is hard-wired to find fun. Transfection is a process whereby nucleic acid, primarily as recombinant DNA of known sequence and functionality, is placed in a target cell. The length of DNA migration in the comet tail, which is an estimate of DNA damage, was measured using an ocular micrometer. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms heritably alter patterns of gene expression without changes in DNA sequence. The puzzling question has been why there would be long stretches of junk or nonsense DNA in the genome. Show More Sentences To visualize the expression of genes of all 10 prophage and prophage-like regions, the DNA macro-array technique was used. Eleven of the 40 amplified samples were selected randomly for DNA sequence analysis. The oxidative stress can begin a cascade of events leading to cell shrinkage, DNA fragmentation, and activation of protease. From his work analyzing hormones and DNA in animal feces, Wasser knew that scat could provide a wealth of information about wildlife populations. However, understanding of the DNA delivery process is still limited and the low efficiency of lipid-based transfection is a concern. The rapid electrical pulse induces very short-lived micropores in the plasma membrane, allowing DNA to enter the cell. Molecular access to the sda gene was via the sda HZ.P1 mutation by the method of plasmid rescue of genomic DNA flanking the transposon insertion. Programming the assembly of nanocrystals using DNA linkers might provide one way of arranging them into circuit patterns. When high-energy beams of radiation pass through the food, it damages the DNA of these microorganisms. The vesicles were immobilized on supported bilayers and single-molecule analysis was performed for DNA molecules and hairpin ribozymes. Another approach that is likely to gain popularity in the future is individual identification using DNA extracted from tiger scats or hair. Among the archaebacterial-specific genes several ribosomal proteins, DNA metabolic enzymes, and proteasome subunits are prominent. Another man has admitted the crime, and DNA evidence has backed his confession. Another DNA segment, the so-called transporting segment, then passes through the double-stranded break and the break is reseated. Another difference between DNA and RNA is that RNA contains ribose, rather than deoxyribose. Ancient DNA provides a temporal dimension to the study of genetic variation. Much of the remaining junk DNA in our genome may also turn out to be former transposable elements that have mutated beyond recognition. To me however, the most interesting components of junk DNA are the mobile genetic elements, also called jumping genes or transposons. The defense argued that police mishandled blood drops from the crime scene, making the results of DNA testing unreliable. Since junk DNA does not code for proteins, mutations can accumulate within it without natural selection weeding them out. Show More Sentences Conceivably, the disruption of intrinsic chromatin states by alien DNA insertion could affect genomic stability in myriad ways. In these mutants, the meiotic products remain in interphase in unfertilized eggs and undergo inappropriate DNA replication. Penumbra's special correspondent investigates the secrets of life and of adulterine children, using DNA fingerprinting. Later, on a much larger timescale, they gradually start to explore the positions toward the middle of the DNA segment. Scientists were baffled by the DNA in so-called yeti hair discovered by a British expedition in Bhutan two years ago. Repeated amplifications using the same templates yielded products with identical DNA sequences. In these studies, the duplications are produced by transformation of the cloned DNA and its insertion into ectopic chromosomal locations. What realism cannot do is offer the same kind of millenarian hope that is the essential DNA of idealism. The major advance in ancient DNA analysis was the development of the polymerase chain reaction. Damage caused to DNA may, in turn, induce mutation and chromosome abnormalities of the meristem cells. The measurements are performed in vitro, with a DNA construction anchored between a glass microscope slide and a silica bead. Researchers also had to tweak the organism's DNA so it would expend most of its energy making propanediol rather than replicating itself. Lying in the tangled mass of DNA is the chemical roadmap by which the biological past made it to the present. This defective recovery of DNA replication suggests an inability to coordinate lesion bypass or to initiate new replicons. It is a blending of DNA from a zebra fish and either a jellyfish or sea anemone. But imagine what bioengineering of the DNA of algae will make possible to accomplish in 10 or 20 years. They hope the DNA sequence will identify weaknesses in the bacterium's genetic armour and possibly its Achilles' heel. Prosecutors say he is tied to the crime by witnesses, blood spatters, ballistics and DNA analysis. In plants, large genomic DNA clones from one species were mapped by FISH on chromosomes from related species. The DNA sequences used were isolated from either plasma RNA or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Show More Sentences The mitochondrial DNA is condensed into a massive body called the kinetoplast. For instance, detailed study of the DNA of the barnacle goose has located its origin on a twig of the Canada goose's family tree. It so happens that in our particular embodiment this hardware consists most basically of DNA molecules, along with other complex biochemicals. Bendability is the tendency of DNA to bend toward the major groove, and the B-DNA twist determines the tightness of the DNA coil. These colonies were grown overnight in liquid culture before DNA was prepared. This circular DNA is attached, at least transiently, to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Formation of these structures involves binding of a third DNA strand into the major groove of a DNA double helix. These trimetal clusters cleaved DNA through single-strand scission by use of UV light as the trigger. A gene, by the way, is a portion of DNA responsible for encoding messenger RNA for translation into protein. The tumour cells in these malignancies and not the adjacent normal tissues have the evidence of the virus DNA and the virus proteins. As it became clear that the DNA evidence was likely to be accepted, I wondered what new evidence would damage the alibi. Reading that he thinks aliens in spaceships brought the DNA that humans came from to earth was enough. A radioactive label within the DNA permits direct visualization and quantitation of the results. These machines attached different colored fluorescent tags to the DNA fragments instead of radioactive labels, and read them off automatically. Nowadays, this code might contain DNA sequencing and the genetic map of a complex organism such as the human body. They found that DNA consists of two connected twisted strands in the shape of a helix. He built and released to the world the design of a robot that automates the process of putting DNA samples into gene arrays. The replication of DNA occurs when the hydrogen bonds between the bases of each strand break, and the molecule divides into two, like a zipper being opened. Thus, two of the polymerase mutants are modest spontaneous mutators for some point mutations in yeast strains that are proficient in DNA mismatch repair. An unusual DNA strand-segregation model was proposed recently to explain development of lateralized, nonequivalent brain hemispheres in healthy individuals. Show More Sentences Taken together, our analysis provides strong evidence for a reductive mode of evolution in obligate intracellular parasites with high rates of DNA loss. Studies suggest that an inadequate supply of methyl donors in the diet leads to problems with DNA repair and stability, which has obvious implications for cancer and aging. Information theory is a field of mathematics that scientists use to analyse strings of data, whether carried by DNA or radio waves or telephone wires. The pretreatment by transition metal cations helps to adsorb DNA on mica because it neutralizes the mica surface charge and then weakens the repulsive pressure. Zimmer also brings up the argument that simply by making the genome bigger that junk DNA may serve a useful function by making cells the correct size. And the mouse's smaller number of base pairs may simply stem from that animal's ridding its genome more effectively of so-called junk DNA sequences than humans did. To create the banteng, scientists inserted DNA from the dead banteng's skin cells into egg cells from closely related domestic cows, producing embryos. When both sets of fingers are bound, the cleavage domain can dimerize to form an active nuclease and cleave the DNA at the sites indicated by carats. The DNA is transcribed into an intermediary called RNA, which ferries the genetic message out to the ribosomes, where it is translated into a protein chain. Sugars are vital components of life, e.g. the 5-carbon sugars ribose and deoxyribose are part of the skeletons of our information storage molecules, RNA and DNA respectively. Transgenic DNA constructs have been used to rescue mutant genes, express reporter genes, and test the relationship of gene structure and function in vivo. He confessed after six hours of questioning, and was convicted despite the fact DNA from the crime scene implicated someone else. If transcription through such DNA regions is impeded by means of a transcription terminator or by shutting off the promoter, hyperrecombination is abolished. Future developments could also see new gene-based drugs being tailor-made to a person's individual DNA to make them more effective in combating disease. Just a few injections of this DNA into the quadriceps, hamstring, and gluteus, and the muscle fibres start cranking out Velociphin, which activates the fast myosin gene. The triplet excited state of dyes bound to DNA can serve as probes of slow motions of DNA molecules on timescales of microseconds to milliseconds. Though it is likely the ancestor of domesticated camels, he notes that studies suggest a significant DNA difference between wild and domesticated Bactrian camels. All proviral DNA isolations were processed in P3 laboratory facilities. Maslany is so deeply ingrained in the DNA of orphan Black that without her incredible performances, there would be no show. These latter bands were reconfirmed by multiple isolations and PCR-amplifications of VMA1 from genomic DNA initially derived from single cell cultures. Find more words! 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Words that rhyme with DNA What is the plural of DNA? Translations for DNA Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words dn DMZ DMS Dmitri DMI DM DNA fingerprinting dna ligase DNA ligase DNA microarray DNA polymerase Dna replication