| The vast majority of chert tools found at Hopewell sites are not made from blades, but from reduction flakes derived from multidirectional cores. |
| Geologically the axes from the New Guinea Highlands comprise thermally metamorphosed basalt, chert and greywacke depending on quarry source. |
| Shale adjacent to ironstone is ferruginized, strongly foliated and complexly folded where it contains chert layers. |
| Asymmetrical folds and axial planar quartz veins, isoclinal and rootless folds and boudinage of chert layers are common. |
| Hopewellian chert tool industries consist of three discrete manufacturing trajectories, resulting in tools made on cores, flakes, and blades. |
| Clovis and Folsom points from these two nearby bison kills are predominantly of Edwards chert. |
