“The history of Australia is deeply intertwined with convictism, as the practice of transporting convicts to penal settlements played a significant role in the early colonization of the continent.”
“By the early decades of the 20th century, the era of bushranging, convictism, and exploration was far enough in the past to be regarded as historical colour.”
“The importation of the modern state brought convictism into Australia and the convict system lasted until the middle of the nineteenth century.”