| In case 2, urography showed a lacuna of the renal pelvis, and CT scan showed an irregular thickening of the renal pelvis. |
| The conventional investigative approach, intravenous urography, exposes the patient to the risks of radiation and reaction to contrast media. |
| The authors prefer computed tomography without contrast when urolithiasis is suspected, and computed tomographic urography when stone disease is clinically unlikely. |
| Intravenous urography is no longer the gold standard for diagnosing urolithiasis. |
| If all these investigations were negative, intravenous urography, cystoscopy, and renal computed tomography were proposed, with indefinite regular follow up thereafter. |
| Fever and flank pain are not indications for intravenous urography. |
