| Pachyglossa has cristate, spinose, and perforate perispores, whereas those of subsect. |
| With their narrow, subrectangular glabellas often carrying paired spines or nodes and spinose librigenal margins they resemble protaspides attributed to lichids. |
| I assume that in lichids the coxae were spinose, and that their movements carried food particles forward along the midline. |
| Shells of T. inornatus are lacking the spinose projections of the lamellae along the subsutural keel. |
| Each scalid appears as a spinose anlage and differentiates in the next stage. |
| This species forms straight chains with cells held together by fusion of long spinose appendages called setae, of which there are four per cell. |
