| These are not the same as nocebo effects, which are the responses to a substance believed by the subject to be able to cause harm. |
| One patient who fell prey to the nocebo effect had become aware of the symptoms that can arise when a person stops taking Prozac. |
| A recent review of 100 MS clinical trials over the past 20 years found a prominent nocebo effect. |
| Bowling proposes that placebo and nocebo responses are an intrinsic part of therapy outcomes. |
| This may be the underlying mechanism of placebo and nocebo effects of medications and other therapies. |
| In the case of the nocebo, it is negative expectations that become self-fulfilling prophecies. |
