| From logic we have model-theoretic semantics, and from that possible-worlds analyses of modal and epistemic discourse. |
| Now, S was not taking an ontological stance, it seems, but rather an epistemic one. |
| In general, doxastic, metaphysical, modal, semantic, or syntactic expressions are not epistemic. |
| This is because it remains possible that evaluative epistemic facts supervene on naturalistic ones. |
| Some Pascalians propose combining pragmatic and epistemic factors in a two-stage process. |
| None of this denies the epistemic role of experience, of observation, in scientific inquiry. |
