It was in the cause of liberty that writers such as Cowper and T. Day defended the Noble Savage and attacked the slave trade. |
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The prize these early imperialists craved was control of the West African slave trade. |
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The South African document singles out the trans-Atlantic slave trade for censure. |
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The chapter on ports scarcely mentions the slave trade, much less their work on the English outports. |
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The slave trade and ivory attracted the interest of other European countries. |
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From the 16th century on, Turkmen raiders on horseback preyed on passing caravans, pillaging and taking prisoners for the slave trade. |
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The slave trade was a horrible stain on our country's history, but we need to move on in order for us to achieve. |
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The Quaker, an ardent Federalist, aided Antifederalist opposition to the Constitution by repeatedly raising objections to the slave trade clause. |
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Muslims were involved in the trans-Saharan slave trade, as well as more legitimate trade. |
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He was then promoted to governor-general, where he asserted his authority, crushing rebellions and suppressing the slave trade. |
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Disgust at this treatment of Africans led to demands for emancipation of the slaves and the abolition of the slave trade in the 19th century. |
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By the time England entered the African slave trade, the European bondage of non-European peoples was already well established. |
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This put the wind back in the sails of Wilberforce who succeeded in pushing through a bill abolishing the slave trade. |
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Britain had outlawed the slave trade in 1808, and her colonies were not allowed to render assistance to slavers. |
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Our subject, of course, was how to represent the story of slavery from the slave trade to emancipation in six hours. |
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In this harrowing description of the Middle Passage, Olaudah Equiano described the terror of the transatlantic slave trade. |
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Even the African slave trade enriched the rulers and merchants who supplied the slaves. |
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He follows with an account of the place of corn in the Atlantic slave trade. |
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And we are united on the issue that the Atlantic slave trade was a crime against humanity. |
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The movement for reparations from countries engaged in the African slave trade is building up a head of steam. |
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In order to white-wash the European slave trade, they find it convenient to start by minimising the numbers concerned. |
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While Europeans conducted the slave trade, Africans too were responsible for it. |
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The book contextualizes the slave trade and makes clear that the U.S. was not the only place where Africans were enslaved in the New World. |
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There is virtually nil slave trade and ivory is becoming harder and harder to get. |
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William Wilberforce's obsession with ending the slave trade was viewed as swivel-eyed by the establishment of his day. |
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This figure does not include the Arab slave trade nor the flourishing trade in slaves within Africa. |
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An Afrofuturist reading of the transatlantic slave trade becomes an epic tragedy about alien abductees. |
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Other examples abound, including the misidentification of the author of the Encyclopedia article on the slave trade and the misdating of the meeting of the Estates General. |
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The development of the sugar industry was directly linked with the African slave trade, due to the harsh physical demands and labour intensiveness of farming sugar. |
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Because their wares were sold to ship captains for use as currency to buy slaves, the Sheffield cutlers wrote, they might be expected to favor the slave trade. |
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The terrible events of 1505 were almost nothing compared to the barbarities of the Atlantic slave trade and colonialism which would come later as capitalism grew stronger. |
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Until Haiti, abolitionists focused on either gradual emancipation, or simply ending the slave trade, not slavery itself. |
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Plus, he crafted the Lyons-Seward Treaty, joining the U.S and Great Britain in suppressing the international slave trade. |
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In the account of the Mughal Emperor Akbar, there is no mention of his liberal social policies, his prohibition of the slave trade and of involuntary sati. |
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It became a centre of the slave trade from the 16th century onwards. |
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The triangular slave trade had begun to supply these Atlantic colonies with unfree African labour, for work on tobacco, rice and sugar plantations. |
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During the revolution black slave labour was introduced into capitalist enterprises in British colonies, the slave trade was established, as was the belief in white supremacy. |
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Until recently compilations of slave trade statistics have seemed to reduce one of the darkest episodes in world history into a set of abstract and bloodless figures. |
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The slave trade within Africa involved very high costs for guarding slaves, transporting them, and feeding them until the slavers from Europe turned up at the port. |
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It was indeed very fitting that the President of the USA should have two direct descendants from that diabolical slave trade on hands for his African visit. |
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I remember my first few assignments analyzing journals written by conquistadors and sixteenth-century mariners involved in the African slave trade. |
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As of 2009, efforts are underway to create a UN Slavery Memorial as a permanent remembrance of the victims of the Atlantic slave trade. |
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President Jerry Rawlings of Ghana also apologized for his country's involvement in the slave trade. |
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On 9 December 1999, Liverpool City Council passed a formal motion apologizing for the City's part in the slave trade. |
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Later, native workers were replaced by Africans imported through a large commercial slave trade. |
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It was unanimously agreed that Liverpool acknowledges its responsibility for its involvement in three centuries of the slave trade. |
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The applicable UK act was the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act and outlawed the slave trade throughout the British Empire. |
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In 1815, at the Council of Vienna, Spain, Portugal, France, and the Netherlands also agreed to abolish their slave trade. |
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In 1807, Britain prohibited the slave trade and, in 1833, abolished slavery in its colonies. |
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Some of the colonies developed legalized systems of slavery, centered largely around the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Helens and then to Greenfield Valley where it was used to make many items for the slave trade. |
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The haplogroup is thus thought to have been brought to Britain either through enlisted soldiers during Roman Britain, or via the slave trade. |
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Racism intensified with the continued rise of the slave trade, which had become entrenched. |
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These communities flourished in port cities strongly involved in the slave trade, such as Liverpool and Bristol. |
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In the late 18th century, the British slave trade declined in response to changing popular opinion. |
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The Seven Stars public house, where abolitionist Thomas Clarkson collected information on the slave trade, is still operating. |
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In West Africa, the decline of the Atlantic slave trade in the 1820s caused dramatic economic shifts in local polities. |
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Its distribution in the Americas has been regarded as due to importation with the slave trade. |
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He also founded the transatlantic slave trade and has been accused by several historians of initiating the genocide of the Hispaniola natives. |
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Under John II's watch, the gold and slave trade in west Africa was greatly expanded. |
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The total slave trade to islands in the Caribbean, Brazil, Mexico and to the United States is estimated to have involved 12 million Africans. |
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The actions of Atlantic pirates, who often attacked slave ships and forts, created a crisis in the European slave trade. |
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During the Atlantic slave trade era, Brazil imported more African slaves than any other country. |
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British merchants were among the largest participants in the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Goods from the slave trade were bought and sold on the Isle of Man, and Manx merchants, seamen, and ships were involved in the trade. |
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William Wilberforce's Slave Trade Act 1807 abolished the slave trade in the British Empire. |
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They were descendants of African women and Portuguese or Spanish men who worked in African ports as traders or facilitators in the slave trade. |
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In addition, US citizens could participate financially in the international slave trade and the outfitting of ships for that trade. |
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The slave trade in Europeans in other parts of the Mediterranean is not included in this estimation. |
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The white slave trade and markets in the Mediterranean declined and eventually disappeared after the European occupations. |
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Austen does not mention the Slave Trade Act 1807, which abolished the slave trade, though not slavery itself, in the British Empire. |
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Trade across the desert intensified, and a significant slave trade crossed the desert. |
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In the United States, scientific racism justified Black African slavery to assuage moral opposition to the Atlantic slave trade. |
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The British, French and Dutch joined in the slave trade in subsequent centuries. |
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Following the Scramble for Africa, an early but secondary focus for most colonial regimes was the suppression of slavery and the slave trade. |
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Portugal enjoyed a virtual monopoly of the Atlantic slave trade for over a century, exporting around 800 slaves annually. |
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The UK's Slavery Abolition Act charged the British Royal Navy with ending the global slave trade. |
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Similarly, yellow fever is thought to have been brought to the Americas from Africa via the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Columbus had planned to inaugurate a regular slave trade between the Indies and Spain. |
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With gold in short supply, the slave trade gradually took on greater urgency. |
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The most common form of the slave trade is now commonly referred to as human trafficking. |
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Slavery was also widespread in Africa, with both internal and external slave trade. |
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The city was a major centre of the slave trade in the 15th and later centuries. |
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It was put to use in the Atlantic slave trade, making at least two voyages carrying Africans to slavery in the West Indies. |
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Several historians have made important contributions to the global understanding of the African side of the Atlantic slave trade. |
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On August 24, 2007, Mayor Ken Livingstone of London, United Kingdom, apologized publicly for Britain's role in colonial slave trade. |
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From the 7th century until around the 1960s, the Arab slave trade continued in one form or another. |
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During the nineteenth century, the East African slave trade grew enormously due to demands by Arabs, Portuguese, and French. |
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The history of the slave trade has given rise to numerous debates amongst historians. |
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These papal bulls came to be seen by some as a justification for the subsequent era of slave trade and European colonialism. |
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In the 16th century, the archipelago prospered from the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Decline in the slave trade in the 19th century resulted in an economic crisis. |
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It was now primarily a transit point for ships engaged in the slave trade between the West and continental Africa. |
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First established as a trade settlement, the castle later became one of the most important stops on the route of the Atlantic slave trade. |
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The upper Congo River, known as the Lualaba was first reached by the Arab slave trade by the 19th century. |
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In 1807, the British abolished the slave trade, followed by the United States the next year. |
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Portugal enjoyed a virtual monopoly on the African seaborne slave trade for over a century, importing around 800 slaves annually. |
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During his voyage, Gomes abducted over 50 natives and took them back to Spain as evidence of a potentially lucrative slave trade. |
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Mexico had an active slave trade during the colonial period and some 200,000 Africans were taken there, primarily in the 17th century. |
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In the Postclassic, the Maya engaged in a flourishing slave trade with wider Mesoamerica. |
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However, other communities in West Africa largely resisted the slave trade. |
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He also resisted the vulgar racist stereotypes of the day and wrote about the slave trade with an antiracializing rhetoric. |
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The islands appear to have been raided frequently by Barbary pirates to enslave residents to support the Barbary slave trade. |
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Between 1807 and 1865, it maintained a Blockade of Africa to counter the illegal slave trade. |
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Despite the exploits of Lok and Towerson, John Hawkins of Plymouth is widely acknowledged to be an early pioneer of the English slave trade. |
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Biographer William Hague considers the unfinished abolition of the slave trade to be Pitt's greatest failure. |
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The Law of 20 May officially restored the slave trade to the Caribbean colonies, not slavery itself. |
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The ban on the African slave trade and importation of slaves had increased demand in the domestic market. |
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Bristol's economy has been built on maritime trade, including the import of tobacco and the slave trade. |
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Along with general cargo, freight, raw materials such as coal and cotton, the city was also involved in the Atlantic slave trade. |
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From 1808 the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron, tasked with stopping the slave trade, operated out of Portsmouth. |
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After the ending of the Atlantic slave trade, the population increased naturally. |
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The Atlantic slave trade is customarily divided into two eras, known as the First and Second Atlantic Systems. |
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Later in his ministry, Wesley was a keen abolitionist, speaking out and writing against the slave trade. |
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In 1792, he won the Browne Gold Medal for an ode that he wrote on the slave trade. |
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Not all of Genoa's merchandise was so innocuous, however, as medieval Genoa became a major player in the slave trade. |
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Honfleur and Le Havre were two of the principal slave trade ports of France. |
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Britain had by this time banned the slave trade and was seeking to induce other countries to do likewise. |
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By the 1830s piracy had died out again, and the navies of the region focused on the slave trade. |
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The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through the 19th centuries. |
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The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. |
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Between 1600 and 1800, approximately 300,000 sailors engaged in the slave trade visited West Africa. |
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Slavery was practiced in some parts of Africa, Europe, Asia and the Americas for many centuries before the beginning of the Atlantic slave trade. |
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The Atlantic slave trade was not the only slave trade from Africa, although it was the largest in volume and intensity. |
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Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. |
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After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. |
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Sir John Hawkins, considered the pioneer of the British slave trade, was the first to run the Triangular trade, making a profit at every stop. |
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Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. |
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The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War. |
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The number of enslaved people sold to the New World varied throughout the slave trade. |
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The different ethnic groups brought to the Americas closely corresponds to the regions of heaviest activity in the slave trade. |
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The transatlantic slave trade resulted in a vast and as yet still unknown loss of life for African captives both in and outside America. |
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Like the Bambara Empire to the east, the Khasso kingdoms depended heavily on the slave trade for their economy. |
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El Salvador, Costa Rica and Florida began their stints in the slave trade in 1541, 1563 and 1581, respectively. |
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Proponents of the slave trade, such as Archibald Dalzel, argued that African societies were robust and not much affected by the trade. |
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The slave trade was, therefore, a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. |
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The demographic effects of the slave trade is a controversial and highly debated issue. |
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In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. |
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William Wilberforce was a driving force in the British Parliament in the fight against the slave trade in the British Empire. |
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On 22 February 1807, the House of Commons passed a motion 283 votes to 16 to abolish the Atlantic slave trade. |
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In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States. |
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Despite its establishment within his kingdom, Afonso I of Kongo believed that the slave trade should be subject to Kongo law. |
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Genoese merchants organized the slave trade from the Crimea to Mamluk Egypt. |
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These papal bulls came to serve as a justification for the subsequent era of slave trade and European colonialism. |
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The Dutch trading post on this islands was extended as the new centre of slave trade. |
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In 1807 Britain and soon after, the United States also, both criminalized the international slave trade. |
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The intention was to outlaw entirely the Atlantic slave trade within the whole British Empire. |
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The significance of the abolition of the British slave trade lay in the number of people hitherto sold and carried by British slave vessels. |
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The high profits from the slave trade, he said, helped finance the Industrial Revolution. |
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The Mossi would eventually enter the slave trade in the 1800s with the Atlantic slave trade being the main market. |
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Eighteenth century writers in Europe claimed that slavery in Africa was quite brutal in order to justify the Atlantic slave trade. |
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The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. |
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The slave trade was transformed from a marginal aspect of the economies into the largest sector in a relatively short span. |
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Efforts by Europeans against slavery and the slave trade began in the late 18th century and had a large impact on slavery in Africa. |
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British pressure on other countries resulted in them agreeing to end the slave trade from Africa. |
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In addition, the Ottoman Empire abolished slave trade from Africa in 1847 under British pressure. |
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The British took an active approach to stopping the illegal Atlantic slave trade during this period. |
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Although the Atlantic slave trade has been best studied, estimates range from 8 million people to 20 million. |
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The demographic effects of the slave trade are some of the most controversial and debated issues. |
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At the peak of the slave trade hundreds of thousands of muskets, vast quantities of cloth, gunpowder, and metals were being shipped to Guinea. |
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Joseph Inikori has written that the British slave trade was more profitable than the critics of Williams believe. |
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Many documents mention the large slave trade along with protests against the enslavement of Japanese. |
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The republic abolished the slave trade early in the 15th century and valued liberty highly. |
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It was introduced to the West Indies in the late 17th century when slave trade ships travelled to the Caribbean from West Africa. |
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Many slaveholders brought slaves with them or purchased them through the domestic slave trade, especially in New Orleans. |
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In shock, he decided that only new colonies would stop the slave trade. |
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The slave trade era, which lasted from 650 to 1900, devastated Africa by creating internal slave raids between and within ethnic groups. |
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The 'infernal traffic' from which this monograph draws its name is, of course, the slave trade. |
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This is an enthralling account of the slave trade in Zanzibar in the nineteenth century and of the attempts of one man. |
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He is reported as saying, 'The film prettifies the tragedy, the horror and the brutality of the slave trade. |
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Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. |
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The slave trade was hated by many sailors and those who joined the crews of slave ships often did so through coercion or because they could find no other employment. |
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He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. |
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These are predominantly based on European languages such as English and French due to the Age of Discovery and the Atlantic slave trade that arose at that time. |
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Since pidgins form from close contact between members of different language communities, the slave trade would have been exactly such a situation. |
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Under British rule, new estates were created and the import of slaves did increase, but this was the period of abolitionism in England and the slave trade was under attack. |
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Afonso believed that the slave trade should be subject to Kongo law. |
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Slaves were driven by traders overland from the Upper South or transported to New Orleans and other coastal markets by ship in the coastwise slave trade. |
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Brister Pierce, formerly a slave in Uxbridge, was a signer of an 1835 petition to Congress demanding abolition of slavery and the slave trade in the District of Columbia. |
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In 1790, the Society of Friends petitioned the United States Congress as the first organisation to take a collective stand against slavery and the slave trade. |
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Plasmodium falciparum became a real threat to colonists and indigenous people alike when it was introduced into the Americas along with the slave trade. |
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The port was a major site for the Arab slave trade and Venetian merchants were said to have lived in Massawa and nearby Suakin in the 15th century. |
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Gradually colonized and settled by the Portuguese throughout the 16th century, they collectively served as a vital commercial and trade center for the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Ideally located for the Atlantic slave trade, the islands grew prosperous throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, attracting merchants, privateers, and pirates. |
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The Arab slave trade was the practice of slavery in the Arab world, mainly in Western Asia, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Southeast Africa and Europe. |
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Radama concluded a treaty in 1817 with the British governor of Mauritius to abolish the lucrative slave trade in return for British military and financial assistance. |
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After the 1807 act abolishing the slave trade was passed, these campaigners switched to encouraging other countries to follow suit, notably France and the British colonies. |
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However, the exile of Dom Antonio, the claimant to the Portuguese throne, gave an unexpected impetus to the resumption of the Guinea or rather the Senegambian slave trade. |
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With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire. |
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Abolitionists in Europe and America protested the inhumane treatment of African slaves, which led to the elimination of the slave trade by the late 18th century. |
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August 1 is an important day in the history of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade and a reminder as to why large numbers of Blacks never got a leg up on the economic ladder. |
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This sometimes caused a labour shortage for plantations and public works and so the colonists informally and gradually, at first, initiated the Atlantic slave trade. |
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For instance, in the 18th century the influential Evangelical Anglican William Wilberforce, along with others, campaigned against the slave trade. |
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During the 18th century, Britain was involved in the Atlantic slave trade. |
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These included arming missionary auxiliaries to fight the slave trade, training African doctor-catechists, and restoring the catechumenate of the early church. |
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Topics of public controversy were also discussed such as the theories of Newton and Descartes, the slave trade, women's education and justice in France. |
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James Warren describes the Sulu slave trade, where captives were seized along the coast of many Southeast Asian countries and taken to the Sulu archipelago. |
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In chapter 21, the slave trade is briefly mentioned as a failed topic of conversation upon the return of Sir Thomas Bertram to his home and family. |
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The slave trade ceased on the Barbary coast in the 19th and 20th centuries or when European governments passed laws granting emancipation to slaves. |
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The slave trade was one of the pillars of Norse commerce during the 6th. |
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During the 1870s, European initiatives against the slave trade caused an economic crisis in northern Sudan, precipitating the rise of Mahdist forces. |
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The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the late 18th century, when the largest number of slaves were captured on raiding expeditions into the interior of West Africa. |
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The North African slave markets were part of the Arab slave trade. |
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Most of the slave trade involved sales to Spanish colonies in the Caribbean, and to Mexico, as well as sales to British colonies in the Caribbean and in North America. |
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Slave commerce during the Late Middle Ages was mainly in the hands of Venetian and Genoese merchants and cartels, who were involved in the slave trade with the Golden Horde. |
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Some of the British colonies attempted to abolish the international slave trade, fearing that the importation of new Africans would be disruptive. |
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William Wilberforce, a member of the House of Commons as an independent, became intricately involved in the abolition of the slave trade in Britain. |
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The Isle of Man was involved in the transatlantic African slave trade. |
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However, abolitionism should be distinguished from efforts to help a particular group of slaves, or to restrict one practice, such as the slave trade. |
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Britain used its influence to persuade other countries around the world to abolish the slave trade and sign treaties to allow the Royal Navy to interdict their ships. |
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Capital cities like Rio de Janeiro and even Porto Alegre created permanent markers commemorating heritage sites of slavery and the Atlantic slave trade. |
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In Africa they also took part in the slave trade now as slave merchants. |
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Slaves exported from Africa during this initial period of the Portuguese slave trade primarily came from Mauritania, and later the Upper Guinea coast. |
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When the Arab slave trade and Atlantic slave trade began, many of the local slave systems began supplying captives for slave markets outside Africa. |
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Precise evidence on slavery or the political and economic institutions of slavery before contact with the Arab or Atlantic slave trade is not available. |
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At the height of the Bristol slave trade, from 1700 to 1807, more than 2,000 slave ships carried an estimated 500,000 people from Africa to slavery in the Americas. |
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It was from the end of the 18th century that Le Havre started growing and the port took off first with the slave trade then other international trade. |
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London Blacks vocally contested slavery and the slave trade. |
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The involvement of merchants from Great Britain in the transatlantic slave trade was the most important factor in the development of the Black British community. |
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It declined during the 18th century, mostly because Nantes was flourishing with the Atlantic slave trade and paid no attention to its cultural institutions. |
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In this era, the Royal Navy provided services around the world that benefited other nations, such as the suppression of piracy and blocking the slave trade. |
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The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of the slave trade, which happened only three years later. |
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Anselm also obtained a resolution against the British slave trade. |
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The Arab slave trade involved the capture of peoples from the continental interior, who were then shipped overseas through ports on the Red Sea and elsewhere. |
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Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. |
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The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. |
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With the rise of a large commercial slave trade, driven by European needs, enslaving your enemy became less a consequence of war, and more and more a reason to go to war. |
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The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. |
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