But the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the agency charged with safeguarding the nation's 103 reactors, remained strangely purblind to the threat. |
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It is the metal that is left over after uranium is enriched for use in nuclear reactors. |
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The uranium, less than 5 percent enriched, will be used for fuel for civilian reactors. |
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There have been 300 reactors decommissioned around the world including perhaps 100 commercial power stations. |
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Although Cuba does not yet have any operating nuclear power reactors, it is a signatory to this convention. |
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But, pebble reactors do not have the same crash shields required of light-water breeder reactors. |
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Commercial nuclear power reactors are clearly terror targets, particularly those near airports. |
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I think we should develop pebble bed reactors and continue to do research on fusion energy. |
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The dehydrogenation and selective hydrogenation reactors were run continuously and the product collected. |
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A green chemistry example concerns the transfer of raw polymer resin into reactors. |
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With a high rate of spontaneous cure of the illness, such studies need a large number of subjects to balance the expected high placebo reactors. |
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Turbine generators here wind down, the emergency system to protect the nuclear reactors from overload kicks in, and the propeller shaft stops. |
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The pressure vessel for nuclear reactors is crucial equipment for the second-phase power projects at Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant. |
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The new reactors would be built on existing nuclear sites and replace those which are to be decommissioned in the near future. |
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It has led to computers, lasers and nuclear reactors, and it tells us why the Sun shines and why the ground beneath our feet is solid. |
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Because the big thing about the large reactors is, you have to pour concrete, and you have to cure the concrete. |
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Activists are up in arms over a Bush proposal to allow nuclear reactors in spacecraft. |
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The three dome shaped anti-matter reactors were visible at the back of the room though a radiation resistant window. |
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Spent fuel rods are extracted from nuclear reactors when their uranium is no longer efficient for producing electricity. |
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Pellets of nuclear fuel are contained within the fuel rods of nuclear fission reactors. |
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It wants to produce enriched uranium to power nuclear reactors, not to build nuclear weapons. |
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Uranium enriched to low grades is used for fuel in nuclear reactors, but further enrichment makes it suitable for atomic bombs. |
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Then it backtracked on part of that deal, fueling American suspicions that it was not simply developing fuel for nuclear reactors. |
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If we use more nuclear power, we could do this for about 100 years using current nuclear reactors, before fissionable uranium runs out. |
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Candu reactors offer a safe, reliable sources of baseload electricity and are a proven solution to the problem of climate change. |
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The reactors range in diameter from about 400 to 60 microns, or millionths of a meter. |
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Other things you should avoid consuming tonight are Berliner doughnuts, Fraulein fairy cakes and Leipzig nuclear reactors. |
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It houses the power couplings that transfer energy from the three main reactors to the different areas of the ship. |
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Within the core of nuclear reactors, a transmutation-process goes through the sequence of the outer planet-names. |
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People in Bulgaria are concerned about what will happen if Sofia is forced to decommission the reactors. |
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As part of their normal operations, nuclear reactors routinely emit radioactive gases and particles into the air. |
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Nuclear reactors generate electricity by creating heat from a nuclear reaction. |
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The article proclaimed the dawn of the age of atomic aircraft powered by hafnium-178 isomer reactors. |
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Neutron or ion irradiation hardens the material but not enough to prevent use in nuclear reactors. |
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This property is utilized in control rods of nuclear reactors, which regulate the number of free neutrons passing through the reactor. |
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Ultimatum is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator for it has a low thermal neutron absorption cross section. |
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Light-water reactors use ordinary water for both coolant and for neutron moderator. |
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Heavy water is a suitable and convenient moderator of neutrons in nuclear reactors. |
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No natural reactors exist today, as the relative density of fissile uranium has now decayed below that needed for a sustainable reaction. |
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It resumed the production, and testing of uranium enrichment centrifuges that can make fissile material for nuclear reactors or weapons. |
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Warp reactors both show good plasma flow, and are building up neutrons now. |
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But as former weapons plants are cleaned up and aging reactors are decommissioned, the volume of nuclear junk is expected to soar. |
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In addition, 5 other reactors have been nonoperational for at least 2 consecutive calendar years. |
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In addition to starting up its nuclear reactors, it has expelled UN inspectors and is withdrawing from the nuclear non-proliferation treaty. |
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Regardless of the results of the review, Bulgaria will decommission the two reactors. |
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The travails of building reactors with indigenous technology is competently related in the book. |
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But best of all, this new form of reactor can incinerate waste from other reactors, turning today's noxious stockpiles into energy. |
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One of the EU's main arguments for the closure of the old reactors was the lack of a protective encasement around them. |
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Graphite-moderated nuclear facilities are able to produce weapons-grade material more easily than the safer light-water reactors. |
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Work will focus on the techniques used to safely store weapons-grade material and spent radioactive fuel from nuclear reactors. |
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A few reactors in her brain decided to give up the ghost, and she simply stared, incapable of speech or action. |
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If a number of countries build new nuclear reactors, how long would it last? |
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There has been a virtual freeze on new nuclear reactors being built in Western Europe and North America. |
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Germany has shut 16 nuclear reactors as part of a plan to eliminate nuclear power from its energy mix. |
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It's time we consider new nuclear reactors which produce less nuclear waste than before, he says. |
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I mean many of those similar research reactors are in the middle of university campuses in other places in the world. |
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There are now 442 nuclear reactors operating worldwide with a total capacity of 300,000 megawatts. |
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Iowa State's 150-ton teaching reactor, first operable in November 1959, was one of the first teaching reactors operated by a U.S. university. |
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In the first five years, the reactors will undergo mild surface-level deactivation to minimize their radioactivity. |
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Other radioisotopes are produced in fission reactors through bombardment by the neutrons that were released in the fission chain reaction. |
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The existing reactors are getting on for 30 to 40 years old and shutdown cannot be long delayed. |
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The government adopted the position that the reactors should be decommissioned in 2006, but insisted on a safety inspection. |
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In nuclear reactors, control rods adsorb atomic particles and control the power of the reactor. |
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Under the agreement, the U.S. is leading an international effort to build two light-water reactors in North Korea. |
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Their reactors and weapons stockpiles are vulnerable, their frontiers are poorly controlled and key segments of their security services are often corrupt. |
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Mayak, a nuclear facility, has several nuclear reactors and is a storage site for radioactive waste. |
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In the case of distillation columns or in the case of reactors, these oxygenous gases are generally metered into the bottom, for example into the bottom circuit. |
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On current plans, over the next two decades, the UK will lose around nine gigawatts of generation capacity, as the old nuclear reactors are closed down. |
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They already get a lot of power from nuclear reactors and also are actively engaged in 4th generation nuclear reactor research and fusion reactor research. |
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On Sunday afternoon, the bottom of one of the reactors rose to 82 degrees Celsius, Tepco said. |
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That agreement resulted in Pyongyang's accession to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, but in the end Moscow did not build the promised reactors. |
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To date Kim Jong-il's rogue state has been kept in check by a 1994 treaty that provided for the construction of light water nuclear reactors and the granting of economic aid. |
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Why from a non-proliferation point of view, are light water reactors preferable to the graphite moderator reactors that the North Koreans have built? |
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There is an urgent need to redefine the criteria for revaccination in abortive reactors who show preliminary response stages but do not develop a scar. |
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A terawatt is 1 billion watts, a quantity of energy that would otherwise require more than 500 nuclear reactors or thousands of coal-burning plants. |
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Most fuel for nuclear reactors is made from enriched uranium oxide. |
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The temperature in the reactors began to rise, melting some steel plates. |
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Uranium enriched to low levels can be used as fuel in nuclear reactors to generate electricity, but further enrichment makes it suitable for use in nuclear weapons. |
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When everybody else was using overheads and PowerPoint slides, I showed up with full-motion video and graphics right down to the molecular level for the reactors. |
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Uranium is enriched to make fuel for power reactors, but the same process also is used to make the explosive core of atom bombs. |
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Taking into account the probability of active faults and resultant ground movement, Californian engineers had elaborated fault-tolerant design standards for nuclear reactors. |
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As minister of Trade, he oversees TEPCO, which is attempting to put its profitable nuclear reactors back on-line. |
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In the end, Bulgaria agreed to close the four old reactors at the plant. |
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Uranium for the first atomic bomb and for nuclear reactors was enriched in the 235 isotope, as compared to the more abundant 238 isotope, by gaseous diffusion. |
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The Fassenon nuclear plant in eastern France was just two degrees centigrade away from an emergency shutdown, forcing technicians to hose down one of the reactors. |
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Healthcare hardware and nuclear reactors fall into this category, but he expands his scope to show how non-physical aspects become integral to the entire design. |
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One of the reactors exploded and released huge doses of radiation. |
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Local authorities likewise need to give their stamp of approval before Kansai can ever restart the reactors. |
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Of the nuclear reactors the HTR now produces heat at the highest temperature. |
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The metallurgist Eric Colbeck, when working at Hadfields Limited in Sheffield, invented boron steel for control rods for nuclear reactors. |
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The United Kingdom is expected to launch the building of new nuclear reactors to replace existing generators and to boost UK's energy reserves. |
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Large naval vessels and submarines continue to be operated with steam turbines, using nuclear reactors to boil the water. |
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In 2013, the second nuclear commercial complex in Karachi was marginalised and expanded to additional reactors, based on the Chashma complex. |
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The fissile material contained in the warheads can then be recycled for use in nuclear reactors. |
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In addition, many reactors are equipped with a dome of concrete to protect the reactor against both internal casualties and external impacts. |
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Modern nuclear reactor designs have had numerous safety improvements since the first generation nuclear reactors. |
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With the commercialization of nuclear power, the reprocessed plutonium was recycled back into MOX nuclear fuel for thermal reactors. |
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A new generation of designs for nuclear power stations, known as the Generation IV reactors, are the subject of active research. |
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Fusion reactors, which are still in the early stages of development, diminish or eliminate some of the risks associated with nuclear fission. |
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The reactors are a joint effort of French AREVA and German Siemens AG, and will be the largest reactors in the world. |
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In 2013 China had 32 nuclear reactors under construction, the highest number in the world. |
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In pyrometallurgical fast reactors, the separated plutonium and uranium are contaminated by actinides and cannot be used for nuclear weapons. |
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Although some reactors of Mayak were shut down in 1987 and 1990, the facility keeps producing plutonium. |
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In 1964 the Magnox reprocessing plant came on stream to reprocess spent nuclear fuel from the Magnox reactors. |
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Plutonium isotopes are expensive and inconvenient to separate, so particular isotopes are usually manufactured in specialized reactors. |
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Breeder reactors are specifically designed to create more fissionable material than they consume. |
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Radionuclides occur naturally and are artificially produced in nuclear reactors, cyclotrons, particle accelerators or radionuclide generators. |
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Anaerobic lagoons produce biogas from manure, while biogas reactors can be used for manure or plant parts. |
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Nuclear contamination from dumped Russian naval reactors is an environmental concern in the Barents Sea. |
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In addition, solarthermal collectors, geothermal energy sources and biomass reactors produce heat in this temperature range. |
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The six reactors in the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant catastrophe had been designed by General Electric. |
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Concerns over the design and safety of these reactors were raised as early as 1972, but tsunami danger was not discussed at that time. |
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Special grades of synthetic graphite, such as Gilsocarbon, also find use as a matrix and neutron moderator within nuclear reactors. |
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Graphite used for nuclear reactors is often referred to as nuclear graphite. |
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Eradication of Aleutian disease of mink by eliminating positive counterimmunoelectrophoresis test reactors. |
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According to the report, many Japanese remain cautious about the restart of nuclear reactors despite the tighter standards. |
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This paper describes a study on the treatment of black liquor from a kraft pulp and paper mill using batch and continuous biological reactors. |
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For the planned new reactors even more enriched uranium is proposed, producing very high burnup spent fuel. |
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The two reactors are both to be built near Iran's first Russia-built nuclear plant in Bushehr. |
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In most conventional chemical reactors, inadequate mixing and mass-transfer rates limit the value and performance of a fast chemical reaction. |
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Silveston has made highly significant and pioneering research in the periodic operation of chemical reactors. |
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Not far from Hong Kong, along Daya Bay, researchers are studying neutrinos spit from six nuclear reactors. |
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Each of the two reactors needs a separate automated neutron flux control system because they work independently. |
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The project involves the construction of two nuclear reactors with a generation capacity of 1,100MW each. |
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Jordan, which imports about 96 percent of its annual energy needs, plans to build several nuclear reactors for power generation. |
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Yong Kwang city has five nuclear reactors with production capacity of 1000 megawatts each. |
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According to the National Energy Administration, China has 15 nuclear reactors in operation, mostly in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces. |
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Together with this, quick blending of these large reactors plus reliable removal of the heat of reaction are crucial. |
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Kaiga has four units of pressurised heavy water reactors, each having a capacity of 220 megawatt. |
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Belgium is thus in the same situation as in 2012 when the reactors were shut down due to cracks in the pressure vessels. |
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The station is home to two pressurized water reactors capable of generating 1,768 megawatts combined. |
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Both units are pressurized water reactors and together they produce 1,705 megawatts of electricity, which powers more than 1,000,000 homes. |
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Most of the world's operating nuclear plants adopt second generation pressurized water reactors, Xinhua News reports. |
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Plutonium-239 can also be used in fission bombs and is produced in nuclear power reactors from natural uranium. |
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The new lab consists of three continuous, trickle bed reactors and has the design capability to handle hydrotreatment and hydrogenation reactions at pressures up to 2000 psig. |
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The NPP will be equipped with Russia-made pressurized water reactors. |
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In fact, for decades pressurized thermal shock has been well understood and well monitored by the owners and operators of the nation's pressurized water reactors. |
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In 2009, the VVER-1000 pressurised water reactors construction has begun. |
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Genome sequencing in microfabricated high-density picolitre reactors. |
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Hafnium is a common metallic element used in nuclear reactors. |
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As well as decommission resulting from anti-nuclear sentiments, a large number of reactors reaching the end of their operating lives are to be shutdown. |
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Although of high, bomb-grade quality, the uranium from Russia's dismantled warheads could potentially be diluted into the lower grade kind used to fuel nuclear power reactors. |
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Unlike other small volume reactors that stir only from the bottom, the Argonaut synthesizer features variable height mixing within the reaction vessel. |
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Fast breeder reactors gain their name for their ability to use fast unmoderated neutrons to breed fissile plutonium and possibly higher transuranics from uranium. |
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Unfortunately for humanity, politicians preferred uranium nuclear reactors simply because their main purpose was to provide weapons-grade uranium and plutonium. |
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For this reason, research and development is being conducted throughout the world targeting nuclear reactors that can achieve nuclear fission in transuranic waste. |
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Modern reactors are controlled by rods made of materials that sop up neutrons generated during fission so that they can no longer trigger additional nuclear decays. |
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Nuclear fusion reactors use tritium as a fuel together with deuterium. |
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Called multiwalled carbon nanotube aerogel, the substance can be used in sensors to detect pollutants and toxic substances, chemical reactors, and electronics components. |
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Projects range from integrating chemical reactors and recycling waste ethanol in pharmaceutical plants to producing high-quality potable and biofuel grade ethanol. |
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Thorium reactors burn waste actinides, including plutonium generated in uranium reactors, increasing power generation, while at the same time reducing problem waste. |
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The use of jacketed lab reactors has also enabled GSK to save considerable time by cutting back on the use of reaction calorimetry to support intermediate scale-up. |
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In addition, AREVA, a French company, has accumulated robust decommissioning experiences not only in the Europe but also in the United States, including BWR reactors. |
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Thorium reactors are the big what-if technology of the 20th century. |
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But pressurized water reactors have been given a five-year moratorium to meet the requirement, enabling utilities to more swiftly file for the restart of this type of reactor. |
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The Nuclear Regulatory Commission oversees 34 nuclear reactors, eight for research or testing and 26 for power production in the Northeastern United States. |
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At first these ships were only capable of short dives, but soon developed the capability to spend weeks or months underwater powered by nuclear reactors. |
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Unlike the early US nuclear reactors at Hanford, which consisted of a graphite core cooled by water, the Windscale Piles consisted of a graphite core cooled by air. |
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The first of four Magnox reactors became operational in 1956 at Calder Hall, adjacent to Windscale and across the River Calder, and the site became Windscale and Calder Works. |
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Activities at the Sellafield site primarily support decommissioning of historic plants, and reprocessing fuel from UK and international nuclear reactors. |
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Fast reactors can theoretically consume some existing waste. |
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A theoretical way to reduce waste accumulation is to phase out current reactors in favour of Generation IV Reactors, which output less waste per power generated. |
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In most nuclear reactors, water is both a coolant and a moderator. |
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They also contend that reactors themselves are enormously complex machines where many things can and do go wrong, and there have been many serious nuclear accidents. |
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Nuclear reactors usually rely on uranium to fuel the chain reaction. |
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Energy companies are about to increase nuclear power production, as in July 2010 the Finnish parliament granted permits for additional two new reactors. |
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Thus, the further development of large reactors, at least in the pilot plant scale to enable multikilogram production of lead compounds, is required. |
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Additionally, as a result of 8 of 16 nuclear reactors being offline for maintenance or repair, wind produced more energy than nuclear did that day. |
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All commercial reactors in the United States fall into two categories, pressurized water reactors and boiling water reactors, collectively known as light water reactors. |
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These included a new uranium metal plant at Springfields in Lancashire, and nuclear reactors and plutonium processing facilities at Windscale in Cumbria. |
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The double-heterogeneity characterising pebble-bed high temperature reactors makes Monte Carlo based calculation tools the most suitable for detailed core analysis. |
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