| Lastly, infibulation or pharaonic circumcision includes clitoridectomy and sewing of the vulva. |
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| In Somalia, infibulation is common, often a few weeks before marriage. There are certainly sound medical reasons for eliminating the practice. |
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| The practice of infibulation has decreased and been replaced by other methods. |
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| The Sudanese Medical Council issued a ruling in 2004 prohibiting doctors from performing excision and infibulation operations on women. |
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| The film showed how infibulation is carried out on girls, leading to severe and long-term health consequences. |
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| The mutilation is sometimes followed by the sewing of the wound, leaving only a small opening: this custom is named infibulation. |
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| Some 99 per cent of girls who are 'cut' undergo infibulation, the most radical and severe form of cutting. |
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| Later, I learned about infibulation, which is a pre-Islamic Somali cultural practice. |
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| Pharaonic circumcision is, perhaps significantly, a name given to the extreme infibulation form of the operation. |
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| This would strictly be the so called Pharaonic circumcision or infibulation which was the only type practiced in Sudan by then. |
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| Sometimes the risk of infection is increased by traditional practices, such as binding of the legs after infibulation or applying traditional medicines to the wound. |
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| In addition, the reliability of clinical observation can be limited by natural anatomical variations and difficulty in estimating the amount of clitoral tissue under an infibulation. |
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| A number of entrenched, traditional practices undermine human rights. They include forced and early marriages, female circumcision, infibulation, violence against women and children, levirate and sororate. |
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| It is interesting to note that, on December 21, 1994, Quebec's human rights commission adopted a position on the practices of female genital mutilation, namely excision and infibulation. |
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| The third and most severe form of FGM is known as infibulation, also referred to as pharaomic circumcision. |
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| The procedure, also known as infibulation, or 'pharaonic circumcision', is usually performed on underage girls by traditional practitioners, who have no medical training. |
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| Together, excision and infibulation are known as Pharaonic circumcision, from the fact that it is first known to have been practiced in the time of the pharaohs. |
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