| A double crossover involving one linear chromatid and both chromatids of the circular chromosome generates a linear trimer. |
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| One is the nonreciprocal transfer of information of both DNA strands of a donor chromatid to a chromatid of the homologous chromosome. |
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| We observed 28 breaks of the chromatid type, 13 of chromosome type and 10 dicentrics. |
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| On average, each double-crossover bivalent produces one double-crossover chromosome in the absence of chromatid interference. |
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| One hundred randomly selected metaphase cells were scored for the presence of chromatid gaps and breaks. |
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| These effects include the induction of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchange. |
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| Ring chromosomes, chromatid exchanges and polyploidies were also observed at some treatments. |
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| The mammalian and yeast ChlR1 proteins facilitate the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion and the maintenance of genomic stability. |
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| It induced chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in a number of cell lines. |
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| In anaphase each chromatid pair separates into two identical chromosomes that are pulled to opposite ends of the cell by the spindle fibres. |
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| Some microtubules extend from one spindle pole to the other, while a second class extends from one spindle pole to a chromatid. |
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| An increase in chromatid breaks was noted when whole blood cell cultures were treated with rifampin. |
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| Chromatid breaks, fragments, sister chromatid union, dicentric chromosomes and gaps were observed with all concentrations of karathane LC at both treatment times. |
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| In metaphase, chromatid fragments are attached to the homologous area of the sister chromatid while acentric chromosome fragments are apart from their chromosome of origin. |
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| The analysis of structural aberrations included chromatid and chromosome breaks, appearance of acentric fragments, dicentric chromosomes and chromatid exchanges. |
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| Gap: an achromatic lesion smaller than the width of one chromatid, and with minimum misalignment of the chromatids. |
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| Nevertheless, slight increases in the sister chromatid exchanges frequencies have been found mainly in the absence of the S9 microsomal fraction in the in vitro assays. |
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| The homologous DNA may be a sister chromatid, a homologous chromosome or an ectopically located sequence. |
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| With the majority of chemical mutagens, induced aberrations are of the chromatid type, but chromosome-type aberrations also occur. |
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| In fact, an increase in both spontaneous chromosome breakage and sister chromatid exchange after chemotherapy treatment has been reported by several authors. |
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| Structural aberrations may be of two types, chromome or chromatid. |
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| Acetaldehyde is carcinogenic in rodents and causes sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations in human cells. |
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| Further compaction is achieved by a coiling of the entire looped chromatin fibre into a dense structure called a chromatid, two of which form the chromosome. |
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| In another published document, oleic acid was tested for elimination of metabolic cooperation, cellular toxicity, mutagenicity and the induction of chromosomal changes, including sister chromatid exchanges in V79 cells. |
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| Proper mitosis, in turn, depends on changes in chromosome organization, such as chromosome condensation and sister chromatid cohesion. |
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| Furthermore, some authors have examined the sister chromatid exchange frequencies in BD patients to understand the genetic mechanism. |
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| Sister chromatid exchange and chromosome aberrations induced by curcumine and tartrazine on mammalian cells in vivo. |
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| Panel A shows the outcomes of sister chromatid exchange involving a ring chromosome. |
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| We observed that the Pax6 protein is localised to chromosomes and overexpression of the protein induces a defect in mitosis: incomplete chromatid separation results in defective mitosis at the onset of anaphase. |
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| Following subcutaneous implantation of bromodeoxyuridine and 26 hours after chlorine dioxide administration, approximately 25 bone marrow metaphase cells from each animal were assessed for sister chromatid exchange. |
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| Aldicarb induced a significant increase in sister chromatid exchange in cultured human lymphocytes, both with and without metabolic activation,78,79 but did not cause DNA damage in human skin fibroblasts. |
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| Ultrastructure of meiotic kinetochores investigated by electron microscopy revealed that bivalents in metaphase I have defined kinetochore region for each chromatid. |
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| Plant systems have a variety well defined genetic endpoints including alterations in ploidy, chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges. |
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