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How to use Arctic in a sentence

Looking for sentences and phrases with the word Arctic? Here are some examples.

Sentence Examples

Video journalist Kieron Bryan was captured while filming a Greenpeace protest in the Arctic Circle.
Bettles, Alaska has been a gateway for intrepid travelers who want to explore the pristine wilderness of the Arctic Circle.
There were three Dutch voyages to the Arctic archipelago in the 16th century.
The year was 2006 and Allen, like her fellow UK countrymen Arctic Monkeys, was borne in the freaky fires of MySpace.
The emissions of frozen CO2 and the tundra around the Arctic Ocean have already begun as it thaws.
New research suggests the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free by 2015, with devastating consequences for the world.
We were bound for Bettles, Alaska, which sits 35 miles north of the Arctic Circle and has a current population of 15 people.
If snow is more your thing, the 6633 Extreme Winter Ultramarathon runs 350 miles across the Arctic Circle.
Some of this is just a natural part of adapting to the natural climate change that is happening in the Arctic.
Two years into an Arctic expedition, they were forced to abandon ship a thousand miles north of Siberia.
Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated the globe between 1577 and 1581, and Martin Frobisher explored the Arctic.
Voter turnout and support for division was particularly strong in the Eastern Arctic.
The south polar latitudes below the Antarctic Circle are in daylight, whilst the north polar latitudes above the Arctic Circle are in night.
Northern parts of Norway lie close to the Arctic zone, most of which is covered with ice and snow in winter.
It is estimated by the International Energy Agency that about 13 percent of the world's undiscovered oil resides in the Arctic.
Lawrence, and eventually began to explore the Pacific Northwest and the Western Arctic.
The Arctic Umiaq Line ferry acts as a lifeline for western Greenland, connecting the various cities and settlements.
Phytogeographically, Greenland belongs to the Arctic province of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom.
Sea passenger and freight transport is served by the coastal ferries operated by Arctic Umiaq Line.
The main traditional sport in Greenland is Arctic sports, a form of wrestling thought to have originated in medieval times.
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The loss of Bismarck, Arctic convoys, and the perceived invasion threat to Norway had persuaded Hitler to withdraw.
Other successful 2000s UK acts include Dido, Arctic Monkeys, Mika, Bullet for My Valentine and Bring Me the Horizon.
Alternatively, this lineage may have spread from the North Pacific to the Arctic and subsequently the North Atlantic during the Pleistocene.
River fish of note include char, eel, salmon, shad, sparling and Arctic char, whilst the Gwyniad is unique to Wales, found only in Bala Lake.
They are vital feeding grounds on migration flyways for shorebirds travelling between the Arctic and Africa.
It connects to the Arctic Ocean through the Denmark Strait, Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea and Barents Sea.
By 30,000 BP, Japan was reached, and by 27,000 BP humans were present in Siberia above the Arctic Circle.
While Cossacks came from the Southern Urals, another wave of Russians came by the Arctic Ocean.
This also explains bones remains in the Arctic Coast and islands of the New Siberian Group.
Scandinavia extends north of the Arctic Circle, but has relatively mild weather for its latitude due to the Gulf Stream.
The northernmost part has a mostly maritime Subarctic climate, while Svalbard has an Arctic tundra climate.
For example, an Anglican chaplain, Robert Wolfall, with Martin Frobisher's Arctic expedition celebrated the Eucharist in 1578 in Frobisher Bay.
Much of the Arctic Ocean is covered by sea ice that varies in extent and thickness seasonally.
The temperature of the surface of the Arctic Ocean is fairly constant, near the freezing point of seawater.
This is one reason why the Arctic does not experience the extreme temperatures seen on the Antarctic continent.
There is considerable seasonal variation in how much pack ice of the Arctic ice pack covers the Arctic Ocean.
Much of the Arctic ice pack is also covered in snow for about 10 months of the year.
Lion's mane jellyfish are abundant in the waters of the Arctic, and the banded gunnel is the only species of gunnel that lives in the ocean.
The Arctic Ocean has relatively little plant life except for phytoplankton.
The Arctic ice pack is thinning, and in many years there is also a seasonal hole in the ozone layer.
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Challenger reached Hong Kong in December 1874, at which point Nares and Aldrich left the ship to take part in the British Arctic Expedition.
It connects the Greenland Sea, an extension of the Arctic Ocean, to the Irminger Sea, a part of the Atlantic Ocean.
The Greenland Sea is often defined as part of the Arctic Ocean, sometimes as part of the Atlantic Ocean.
However, definitions of the Arctic Ocean and its seas tend to be imprecise or arbitrary.
The latter basin is the deepest one of the Arctic Ocean and the geographic North Pole located there.
In general terms, Asia is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean.
The flight started from Svalbard in Norway, and crossed the Arctic Ocean to Alaska.
Burton became the first people to cross the Arctic Ocean in a single season.
One of the Canadians, Richard Weber became the first person to reach the Pole from both sides of the Arctic Ocean.
The expedition was the latest in a series of efforts intended to give Russia a dominant influence in the Arctic according to the New York Times.
Reports have also predicted that within a few decades the Arctic Ocean will be entirely free of ice in the summer.
Currently, under international law, no country owns the North Pole or the region of the Arctic Ocean surrounding it.
One example of this would be protozoan foraminiferans, certain species of which are distributed from the Arctic to the Antarctic.
The Arctic Ocean has only 16 seamounts and no guyots, and the Mediterranean and Black seas together have only 23 seamounts and 2 guyots.
The Atlantic ocean and the Arctic ocean are good examples of active, growing oceanic basins, whereas the Mediterranean Sea is shrinking.
It is part of the Arctic oscillation, and varies over time with no particular periodicity.
The probability of cold winters with much snow in Central Europe rises when the Arctic is covered by less sea ice in summer.
The summer minimum Arctic ice extent for 2010 was the third lowest over the period of satellite observations of the polar ice.
A decline of seasonal sea ice puts the survival of Arctic species such as ringed seals and polar bears at risk.
Flow from the Arctic Ocean Basin into the Pacific, however, is blocked by the narrow shallows of the Bering Strait.
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The storm then reaches Arctic areas, and can reach intensities equal to that of a weak hurricane.
The more sparsely settled Inuit in the Central Arctic, however, did so less often.
In the 1950s the High Arctic relocation was undertaken by the Government of Canada for several reasons.
However, two years later more families were relocated to the High Arctic and it was to be thirty years before they were able to visit Inukjuak.
The nomadic migrations that were the central feature of Arctic life had become a much smaller part of life in the North.
While it is not possible to cultivate plants for food in the Arctic, the Inuit have traditionally gathered those that are naturally available.
As World War II ended and the Cold War began, the Arctic became a place where countries that did not get along were close to each other.
The Inuktitut language is still spoken in many areas of the Arctic and is common on radio and in television programming.
Polymetallic nodules were discovered in 1868 in the Kara Sea, in the Arctic Ocean of Siberia.
The Arctic cod is widely distributed in the western part of the Arctic basin and the northwest and northeast coasts of Greenland.
Arctic cod can be found at depths of up to 1000 m, and frequently under ice.
Age of maturation varies between cod stocks, from ages two to four in the west Atlantic, but as late as eight years in the northeast Arctic.
The territory of Siberia extends eastwards from the Ural Mountains to the watershed between the Pacific and Arctic drainage basins.
The Arctic ice cap formed, drying the climate and increasing cool shallow currents in the North Atlantic.
The Arctic Circle is the most northerly of the abstract five major circles of latitude as shown on maps of the Earth.
The region north of this circle is known as the Arctic, and the zone just to the south is called the Northern Temperate Zone.
Much later, in the historic period, there has been migration into some Arctic areas by Europeans and other immigrants.
Of the Canadian and United States Arctic communities, Barrow, Alaska is the largest settlement with about 4,000 inhabitants.
The Arctic Circle passes through the Arctic Ocean, the Scandinavian Peninsula, North Asia, Northern America and Greenland.
Similar remains, of those that reached the European Russian Arctic 40,000 years ago, have also been found.
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In Inuktitut, spoken in eastern Arctic North America, the caribou is known by the name tuktu.
As an adaptation to their Arctic environment, they have lost their circadian rhythm.
Alaska has four herds in Alaska, the Western Arctic herd, Teshekpuk Lake herd, the Central Arctic herd and the Porcupine herd.
However, in 1997 the domesticated reindeer joined the Western Arctic Caribou Herd on their summer migration and disappeared.
Reindeer have been herded for centuries by several Arctic and Subarctic people including the Sami and the Nenets.
This class of dart was used by aboriginal Arctic hunters such as the Aleut until fairly recently.
In the Arctic, the indigenous people used the more advanced toggling harpoon design.
Areas near the Arctic Circle such as Iceland and Greenland began to have shorter growing seasons and colder winters.
The Sami are counted among the Arctic peoples and are members of circumpolar groups such as the Arctic Council Indigenous Peoples' Secretariat.
For long periods of time, the Sami lifestyle thrived because of its adaptation to the Arctic environment.
Mining activities in Arctic Sapmi cause controversy when they are in grazing and calving areas.
The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster caused nuclear fallout in the sensitive Arctic ecosystems and poisoned fish, meat and berries.
Lichens and mosses are two of the main forms of vegetation in the Arctic and are highly susceptible to airborne pollutants and heavy metals.
In 2010, the Sami Council supported the establishment of a cultural center in Russia for Arctic peoples.
In the late 19th century, colonial fascination with Arctic peoples led to human beings exhibited in human zoos.
To the south, the countries neighbor the Baltic States, Poland, Germany and the United Kingdom while to the north there is the Arctic Ocean.
Both the strip of land along the shore of the Arctic Ocean and the Russian Arctic islands have a polar climate.
The Northwest Passage is a sea route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Arctic Ocean.
Now Phoebus ascends to the utmost limits of the Zodiac towards the Pole Arctic.
Marinus also coined the term Antarctic, referring to the opposite of the Arctic Circle.
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For instance, in its early history, Russia's only ports were on the Arctic Ocean and frozen shut for much of the year.
The course must include set control points at latitudes outside the Arctic and Antarctic circles.
Melting Arctic ice caps are likely to increase traffic in and the commercial viability of the Northern Sea Route.
Projected shifts in trade also imply substantial pressure on an already threatened Arctic ecosystem.
According to the New York Times, this forebodes more shipping through the Arctic, as the sea ice melts and makes shipping easier.
Hudson had been told to sail through the Arctic Ocean north of Russia, into the Pacific and so to the Far East.
He was turned back by the ice of the Arctic in his second attempt, so he sailed west to seek a northwest passage rather than return home.
Some sources describe Hudson Bay as a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, or the Arctic Ocean.
Both bodies of water extend from the Arctic Ocean, of which James Bay is the southernmost part.
James Bay represents the southern extent of the Arctic Archipelago Marine ecozone.
He managed to sail through the Kara Gates, the strait between the islands of Vaygach and Novaya Zemlya in the Arctic Ocean.
Proving successful at hunting, the group caught 26 Arctic foxes in primitive traps, as well as killing a number of polar bears.
In 1878, the Netherlands christened the Willem Barentsz Arctic exploration ship.
Malygin took careful observations of these hitherto almost unknown areas of the Russian Arctic coastline.
With this knowledge he was able to draw the first somewhat accurate map of the Arctic shores between the Pechora River and the Ob River.
This section represents rather fully the natural and biological diversity of Arctic sea islands of the eastern part of the Kara Sea.
Nearby, the Franz Josef Land and Severny Island in northern Novaya Zemlya are also registered as a sanctuary, the Russian Arctic National Park.
By that time, Arctic sea ice had declined substantial especially on the Atlantic side of the Arctic.
After the Soviet Union dissolved in the early 1990s, commercial navigation in the Siberian Arctic went into decline.
Therefore, the NEP encompasses all the East Arctic seas, and the NSR all the seas except the Barents Sea.
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These were the first recorded instances of the circumnavigation of the Arctic by sailing yachts in one season.
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and adjacent land masses as far south as Newfoundland.
However, due to the very small human population around the Arctic, such attacks are rare.
Polar bears sometimes swim underwater to catch fish like the Arctic charr or the fourhorn sculpin.
The polar bear is the apex predator within its range, and is a keystone species for the Arctic.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the polar bear is important as an indicator of Arctic ecosystem health.
For the indigenous peoples of the Arctic, polar bears have long played an important cultural and material role.
Constituting the westernmost bulk of the archipelago, it borders the Arctic Ocean, the Norwegian Sea, and the Greenland Sea.
The island has an Arctic climate, although with significantly higher temperatures than other places at the same latitude.
While it was previously almost extinct, hunting is permitted for both it and the Arctic fox.
Arctic foxes form monogamous pairs during the breeding season and they stay together to raise their young in complex underground dens.
Since less of its surface area is exposed to the Arctic cold, less heat escapes from its body.
The Arctic fox has such keen hearing, it can determine exactly where a small animal is moving under the snow.
Arctic foxes tend to form monogamous pairs in the breeding season and maintain a territory around the den.
Arctic foxes generally eat any small animal they can find, including lemmings, voles, other rodents, hares, birds, eggs, fish, and carrion.
The Arctic fox has a circumpolar distribution and occurs in Arctic tundra habitats in northern Europe, northern Asia, and North America.
Red foxes dominate where their ranges begin to overlap by killing Arctic foxes and their kits.
However, the total population of the Arctic fox must be in the order of several hundred thousand animals.
The world population of Arctic foxes is thus not endangered, but two Arctic fox subpopulations are.
Even after local lemming peaks, the Arctic fox population tends to collapse back to levels dangerously close to nonviability.
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Vaygach Island and the islands of Novaya Zemlya form a further continuation of the chain to the north into the Arctic Ocean.
Sakha stretches to the Henrietta Island in the far north and is washed by the Laptev and Eastern Siberian Seas of the Arctic Ocean.
Arctic and subarctic tundra define the middle region, where lichen and moss grow as great green carpets and are favorite pastures for reindeer.
From their new center along the middle Lena they gradually expanded northeast and west beyond the Lena basin towards the Arctic Ocean.
Four shipping companies, including the Arctic Sea Shipping Company, operate in the republic.
In June 1647 he sailed down the river to the Arctic with 50 men in four koches but they were forced to turn back due to thick ice.
In 1648 he sailed from the Kolyma River on the Arctic Ocean to the Anadyr River on the Pacific.
Early Siberian maps are quite distorted but most seem to show a connection between the Arctic and Pacific.
Another Arctic feature was the invariable presence aboard any koch of two or more iceboats and of a windlass with anchor rope.
For the next 100 years the Anadyr was the main route from the Arctic to the Pacific and Kamchatka.
Hydrologically, the Stanovoy Range separate the rivers that flow north into the Arctic from those that flow south into the Amur River.
The region is blanketed by dry and cold Arctic air masses for most of the year.
These waters have among the lowest levels of salinity in the Arctic basin as well as a very high oxygen content and increased biogenic elements.
In 1911, the Russian Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition on icebreakers Vaygach and Taymyr under Boris Vilkitsky, landed on the island.
The bases on Wrangel Island and on Cape Schmidt on Russia's Arctic coast reportedly consist of two sets of 34 prefabricated modules.
The data also show that there have been genetic exchanges between Asia, the Arctic and Greenland since the initial peopling of the Americas.
Large diamond concentrations have been recently developed in the Arctic, making Canada one of the world's largest producers.
North America is a very large continent which surpasses the Arctic Circle, and the Tropic of Cancer.
The Inuit continue to fish and hunt whale and seal in the harsh Arctic climate along the coasts of Hudson and Ungava Bay.
Some people in Arctic regions eat frozen meat called quaq. Common varieties of quaq include caribou, seal, fish, and musk ox.
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The British claims to the Arctic islands were transferred to Canada in 1880, adding to the size of the Northwest Territories.
Russia and Norway share the coal resources of the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, under the Svalbard Treaty.
The peregrine's breeding range includes land regions from the Arctic tundra to the tropics.
Only populations that breed in Arctic climates typically migrate great distances during the northern winter.
In remote, undisturbed areas such as the Arctic, steep slopes and even low rocks and mounds may be used as nest sites.
Slate is found in the Arctic, and was used by Inuit to make the blades for ulus.
Dried sphagnum moss is also used in northern Arctic regions as an insulating material.
Arctic hares look like rabbits but have shorter ears, are taller when standing, and, unlike rabbits, can thrive in extreme cold.
Arctic foxes and ermines, which are smaller, typically prey on young hares.
However, the Arctic hares in the far north of Canada, where summer is very short, remain white all year round.
Arctic hare diets are more diverse in summer, but still primarily consists of willow, dryas and grasses.
Arctic hare have been reported to occasionally eat meat, including fish and the stomach contents of eviscerated caribou.
Arctic hare do not survive well in captivity, living only a year and a half at most.
An index which is used to gauge the magnitude of this effect in the Northern Hemisphere is the Arctic oscillation.
Arctic air can be shallow in the summer, and rapidly modify as it moves equatorward.
The mountain-ringed Yukon Flats basin straddles the Arctic Circle and is bisected by the Yukon River.
The meteor came in on a tangential orbit and exploded about 8 or 10 miles above the earth's surface, just south of the Arctic Circle.
The Arctic is now suffering the fastest absolute temperature rises, but temperatures have naturally swung widely in history.
Reaching up to 65 feet in length and up to 100 tons in weight, the bowhead whale is a baleen whale that lives in Arctic and sub-Arctic waters.
Alaskan Malamutes have become popular as family pets, but they were originally bred as sled dogs for work in the Arctic.
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Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.
Many bands and artists have cited Oasis as an influence or inspiration, including Arctic Monkeys and The Kooks.
Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.
Wild mammals include the Arctic fox, mink, mice, rats, rabbits, and reindeer.
While the Sierra rosy finch is the only bird native to the high Arctic region, other bird species such as the hummingbird and Clark's nutcracker.
Karigasniemi is also a junction point where travellers can choose the road to Nordkapp or other places at the Arctic Ocean.
This region, above the Arctic Circle, is dominated by the tundra biome and has areas with few natural landmarks.
In the extreme north of Finland, near the tree line and Arctic Ocean, Montane Birch forests are common.
No part of Finland has Arctic tundra, but Alpine tundra can be found at the fells Lapland.
Since the earth has significant continental glaciation in the Arctic and Antarctic, we are currently in a glacial minimum of a glaciation.
The basalt underpinnings of Trotternish produce a diversity of Arctic and alpine plants including alpine pearlwort and mossy cyphal.
These channels allow the cold, dense water formed in the Arctic to flow into the North Atlantic to form North Atlantic Deep Water.
Arctic tundra occurs in the far Northern Hemisphere, north of the taiga belt.
Arctic tundra contains areas of stark landscape and is frozen for much of the year.
Kittiwakes are coastal breeding birds ranging in the North Pacific, North Atlantic, and Arctic oceans.
Lawrence through Greenland and the coast of Ireland down to Portugal, as well as in the high Arctic islands.
Arctic foxes can also predate significant numbers of adults, eggs, and chicks in some years.
They live in all oceans except for the Arctic and Antarctic Circle regions.
The Arctic char is closely related to both salmon and lake trout, and has many characteristics of both.
Arctic char are the only fish found in the lake, and signs of fish cannibalism have been found.
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Arctic char are also farmed in Iceland, Estonia, Norway, Sweden, Finland, West Virginia, and Ireland.
Due to the melting of Arctic sea ice and thermal expansion of the oceans, as a result of global warming, sea levels have begun to rise.
Peatlands occur on all continents, from the tropical to boreal and Arctic zones from sea level to high alpine conditions.
Flatfishes are found in oceans worldwide, ranging from the Arctic, through the tropics, to Antarctica.
The leatherback is found in all tropical and subtropical oceans, and its range extends well into the Arctic Circle.
For example, the cultures in the region and the Arctic indigenous peoples have adapted to its cold and extreme conditions.
There are a number of definitions of what area is contained within the Arctic.
Herbivores on the tundra include the Arctic hare, lemming, muskox, and caribou.
Other terrestrial animals include wolverines, moose, Dall sheep, ermines, and Arctic ground squirrels.
Over time, the Inuit have migrated throughout the Arctic regions of Canada, Greenland, Russia, and the United States.
Much work remains on regulatory agreements regarding shipping, tourism, and resource development in Arctic waters.
Research in the Arctic has long been a collaborative international effort, evidenced by the International Polar Year.
No country owns the geographic North Pole or the region of the Arctic Ocean surrounding it.
The Russian Federation is claiming a large swath of seabed along the Lomonosov Ridge but confined to its sector of the Arctic.
Most recently a group of stars at the Rio Earth Summit, on 21 June 2012, proposed protecting the Arctic, similar to the Antarctic protection.
The effects of global warming in the Arctic include rising temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet.
Because of the amplified response of the Arctic to global warming, it is often seen as a leading indicator of global warming.
The Arctic is especially vulnerable to the effects of any climate change, as has become apparent with the reduction of sea ice in recent years.
Apart from concerns regarding the detrimental effects of warming in the Arctic, some potential opportunities have gained attention.
In addition, it is believed that the Arctic seabed may contain substantial oil fields which may become accessible if the ice covering them melts.
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These factors have led to recent international debates as to which nations can claim sovereignty or ownership over the waters of the Arctic.
Of these, the trip taken by the Arctic tern is the farthest of any bird, crossing the equator in order to spend the Austral summer in Antarctica.
Feral cats have been removed from Ascension Island, Arctic foxes from many islands in the Aleutian Islands, and rats from Campbell Island.
On at least one occasion, an Antarctic minke whale has been confirmed migrating to the Arctic.
However, killer whales are merely seasonal visitors to Arctic waters, and do not approach the pack ice in the summer.
With the rapid Arctic sea ice decline in the Hudson Strait, their range now extends deep into the northwest Atlantic.
We were a bit overdressed for our trip north of the Arctic Circle.
Due to the fact they are not fully adapted to Arctic conditions, they are more vulnerable to predators, most notably polar bears.
It extends from the Antarctic region in the South to the Arctic in the north.
To the north, the Bering Strait connects the Pacific with the Arctic Ocean.
The meat, blubber and fur coats of pinnipeds have traditionally been used by indigenous peoples of the Arctic.
The raw root skin plants were consumed as a vegetable in Iceland and in Arctic regions.
The pure white fur of harp seal pups conceals them in their Arctic environment.
The polar bear is well adapted for hunting Arctic seals and walruses, particularly pups.
In the Antarctic, which lacks terrestrial predators, pinniped species spend more time on the ice than their Arctic counterparts.
Arctic seals use more breathing holes per individual, appear more restless when hauled out, and rarely defecate on the ice.
Antarctic seals are more vocal on land or ice than Arctic seals due to a lack of terrestrial and pagophliic predators like the polar bear.
There is a conflict over oil rigs in the Arctic Ocean between the Norwegian Government and Greenpeace.
Recent research suggests that the Earth's oceans are a potentially important new source of Arctic methane.
Arctic methane release from permafrost and methane clathrates is an expected consequence and further cause of global warming.
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The meat, blubber and oil of cetaceans have traditionally been used by indigenous peoples of the Arctic.
The evolutionary pressure of polar bear predation on seals probably accounts for some significant differences between Arctic and Antarctic seals.
The fur of Arctic pups is white, presumably to provide camouflage from predators, whereas Antarctic pups all have dark fur.
The Arctic food chain would be disrupted by the near extinction or migration of polar bears.
For thousands of years, indigenous peoples of the Arctic have depended on whale meat.
The archipelago features an Arctic climate, although with significantly higher temperatures than other areas at the same latitude.
Svalbard is a breeding ground for many seabirds, and also features polar bears, reindeer, the Arctic fox, and certain marine mammals.
Since Svalbard is located north of the Arctic Circle it experiences midnight sun in summer and polar night in winter.
Whaling at Spitsbergen lasted until the 1820s, when the Dutch, British and Danish whalers moved elsewhere in the Arctic.
Increased interest in petroleum exploration in the Arctic raised interest in a resolution of the dispute.
Svalbard has permafrost and tundra, with both low, middle and high Arctic vegetation.
About one quarter of the Scandinavian Peninsula lies north of the Arctic Circle, its northernmost point being at Cape Nordkyn, Norway.
North of the Arctic Circle, the sun never sets for part of each summer, and it never rises for part of each winter.
Sometimes the Arctic Ocean itself is considered a marginal sea of the Atlantic, in addition to the below.
Arctic water from the East Iceland Current is mostly found in the southwestern part of the sea, near Greenland.
The convection between the relatively warm water and cold air in the winter plays an important role in the Arctic climate.
In winter, the Norwegian Sea generally has the lowest air pressure in the entire Arctic and where most Icelandic Low depressions form.
Some species like the scallop Chlamys islandica and capelin tend to occupy this area between the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans.
The Norwegian Arctic cod mostly occurs in the Barents Sea and at the Svalbard Archipelago.
It is closely related to the Arctic species Primula stricta and Primula scandinavica.
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Many seabirds breed on the island, including Arctic terns and Arctic skuas.
To the north east is the Norwegian Sea, and the Arctic Ocean is several hundred km to the north.
The decline in Arctic sea ice, both in extent and thickness, over the last several decades is further evidence for rapid climate change.
In the Arctic, some sea ice remains year after year, whereas almost all Southern Ocean or Antarctic sea ice melts away and reforms annually.
They breed on every continent, including the margins of Antarctica, and are found in the high Arctic, as well.
The northernmost and southernmost breeders are the Arctic tern and Antarctic tern respectively.
Lice are often host specific, and the closely related common and Arctic terns carry quite different species.
Like many Arctic mammals, bearded seals employ a reproductive strategy known as delayed implantation.
Its pupil is mobile to help it adapt to the intense glare of the Arctic ice.
Hooded seals live primarily on drifting pack ice and in deep water in the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic.
Ringed seals are one of the primary prey of polar bears and have long been a component of the diet of indigenous people of the Arctic.
The walrus plays an important role in the religion and folklore of many Arctic peoples.
The meat, blubber and baleen of whales have traditionally been used by indigenous peoples of the Arctic.
An estimated 13 million people went whale watching globally in 2008, in all oceans except the Arctic.
A similar program was used by the Russian Navy during the Cold War, in which belugas were also trained for antimining operations in the Arctic.
Until 2009, the Arctic pack ice prevented regular marine shipping throughout most of the year.
Arctic sea ice decline has rendered the waterways more navigable for ice navigation.
The belief that a route lay to the far north persisted for several centuries and led to numerous expeditions into the Arctic.
Rae was also the explorer with the best safety record, having lost only one man in years of traversing Arctic lands.
The ship's shallow draft was intended to help her traverse the shoals of the Arctic straits.
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Each of the men on the trip was awarded a medal by Canada's sovereign, King George VI, in recognition of this notable feat of Arctic navigation.
Because Canada's Arctic is central to our national identity as a northern nation.
In the summer of 2000, two Canadian ships took advantage of thinning summer ice cover on the Arctic Ocean to make the crossing.
Scientists at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union on December 13, 2007, revealed that NASA satellites observing the western Arctic.
Scientists believe that reduced sea ice in the Northwest Passage has permitted some new species to migrate across the Arctic Ocean.
TransCanada and Exxon are involved in another major Arctic pipeline, the long-stalled and overbudget Mackenzie Gas Project in northern Canada.
This assessment was lower than a 2000 survey, which had included lands south of the Arctic Circle.
During the winter the area of the Arctic Ocean covered by sea ice increases, usually reaching a maximum extent during the month of March.
Data for some islands is missing, particularly for some Arctic islands in Russia and Svalbard.
Pytheas is the first known scientific visitor and reporter of the Arctic, polar ice, and the Germanic tribes.
It does place Pytheas on the Arctic Circle, which in Norway is just south of the Lofoten islands.
The celestial Arctic Circle was regarded as identical to the circumference of the circumpolar stars and therefore a variable.
That is what Pytheas means when he says that Thule is located at the place where the Arctic Circle is identical to the Tropic of Cancer.
Under the pole the Arctic Circle is identical to the Equator and the sun never sets but rises and falls on the horizon.
Compared to burrows constructed by Arctic foxes, badgers, marmots and corsac foxes, red fox dens are not overly complex.
They are distributed across the entire Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic Circle to North Africa, Central America, and Asia.
They are absent in Iceland, the Arctic islands, some parts of Siberia, and in extreme deserts.
Apart from the high Arctic, the Antarctic and a few isolated oceanic islands, bats exist all over the world.
These six wolf ecotypes were named West Forest, Boreal Forest, Arctic, High Arctic, Baffin, and British Columbia.
Grouse make up a considerable part of the vertebrate biomass in the Arctic and Subarctic.

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